Zhang Zai immediately explained it in plain words, and Lu Chengqi realized that what he said was all allusions in the classics. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 info knocks on both ends, from Confucius: "The Analects of Zihan" "I have knowledge, ignorance, there is a contemptible husband who asks me, it is empty, I knock on both ends and exhaust." If it is changed to vernacular, it means that Confucius also had no knowledge, and there was a countryman who asked Confucius a question, and Confucius could not answer his question, so he could only shorten the distance with him as much as possible, and stand on the common position of two people on the issue of the event so that he could fully understand the problem and knowledge.

Zhang Zai uses this allusion to illustrate that learning must start from the cause and effect of the analysis of the problem, or the teacher needs to explain from the front and back.

The allusion to the bell is from the "Book of Rites and Learning": "A good scholar is a good scholar who is easy and achieves twice the work, and thus mediocre." is not a good scholar, the teacher is diligent and half-done, and then complains. Those who are good at asking questions are like tackling tough wood, the first to change, then the program, and its long-term, to explain each other. Those who are not good at asking are the opposite. Treat the questioner as if he hit the bell, knock on the small one and ring it small, knock on the big one and ring it loudly, wait for it to be calm, and then do its best. Those who are not good at answering questions are the opposite. This is the way to go to school. ”

Translated into the vernacular, it is: A person who is good at learning has little effort on his part, but he has received a great effect on himself, thanks to the teacher's good teaching. People who are not good at learning, although the teacher is diligent but ineffective, the student will blame the teacher for this. People who are good at asking questions are like working with hard wood, starting with the easy areas first, and then the knots and textures are not smooth, and after a long time, the problem will be solved. People who are not good at asking questions are the opposite. A teacher who is good at answering questions is like striking a bell, the bell rings less when struck gently, and when the bell rings heavily, the bell rings loudly, and when the bell rings, let it ring to finish, and the teacher who is not good at answering questions is the opposite. These are all ways to get into school.

After Zhang Zai finished speaking, Lu Chengqi suddenly realized. In the past, when I read the Book of Rites, I always didn't seek to understand it, but now I can understand it after listening to the Confucian explanation. How did the allusions of the ancients come about? They are all memorized and excerpted from the classics. Lu Chengqi also understands at this moment, why the allusions of the ancients can come at his fingertips, and the reason is this!

Lu Chengqi claimed to be taught and continued to consult Zhang Zai. Zhang Zai is giving a lecture to the emperor at this moment, although the environment is not good, after all, this is a railing carriage, and the friction of metal wheels is really harsh. But this encounter is really a gift from God! Zhang Zai secretly sorted out his views again, knowing that Lu Chengqi was not good at understanding ancient texts, so he said in a shallow way: "Seek knowledge with an open mind, choose the good and follow." To learn and seek knowledge, we must be open-minded, and only with an open mind can we accept all kinds of things, converge all kinds of knowledge, and enter the realm of gods. Humility is not keeping one's own knowledge in one's heart, interfering with the acceptance of new knowledge. To learn and learn, we must get rid of "will, must, solidity, and me" to achieve sincerity, virtue, and quietness. We must learn from people from all walks of life, not be ashamed to ask questions, and choose what is good. ”

This time, Lu Chengqi finally understood, and he would not be so embarrassed to ask for advice again. It is undeniable that what Zhang Zai said is a good learning principle, and it is worthy of the title of sage.

But Lu Chengqi always felt that there was still something missing, and he couldn't say it.

It seemed that Lu Chengqi was frowning a little, and Zhang Zai finally threw out the most important thought in his opinion: "Your Majesty, what I said before is all about the grass people's understanding of learning. In the humble opinion of the grass people, if they only know how to learn, do not understand how to apply it to the world, and practice it, it is no different from not learning. Learning is valuable and useful, and the way is to help the world. The study of the saints is to eliminate the troubles of the country and the nation, and if the saints do not take the people of the country as the troubles, the saints are useless. If everyone becomes such a sage, then the world will be prosperous and everlasting! ”

Lu Chengqi listened, high-fived and said: "A good scholar is useful, a good scholar is useful!" I said that if Mr. Ruo's knowledge is limited to the previous ones, it is just one more Confucius. What I want is not Confucius, but you Zhang Zihou! It's useful to learn, it's too good to say. Empty knowledge is not good, learn but not use, sit and talk about the Tao, that big by the way is just another dynasty in the history of the Qing Dynasty......"

Seeing Zhang Zai's frightened expression, Lu Chengqi did not think it was taboo at all, and continued: "I have been looking for why the Han Dynasty was able to defeat the Xiongnu repeatedly, but when it came to my Dashun Dynasty, I was helpless against the Liao people. It stands to reason that it is impossible for the present to lose to the ancients. But the fact is that the Khitans are not necessarily much more powerful than the Huns, but Dashun retreats again and again, and now they can only rely on the city and defend it, and dare not go out of the city. Why is it so aggrieved? It's because people in the world only know pleasure, but they forget the principle of being prepared for danger in times of peace! Above the court, there is intrigue, and officials only recognize promotion and make a fortune, but do not understand the people. Scholars pay attention to utilitarianism, only for the title of the gold list, and do not know the books of the sages. I see it in my eyes, and it hurts in my heart! In one word, Mr. said what I Dashun lacked the most, that is, a spirit, a spirit of a saint, a spirit of willing to sacrifice oneself for the Tao and do things for all people! Sir, bow down to me! ”

After saying that, Lu Chengqi immediately got up and bowed respectfully. This time it didn't matter, and Zhang Zai was so frightened that he stood up. In a panic, he hit his head on the top of the carriage again, but he still didn't feel any pain, and he bowed to Lu Chengqi, the scene was very funny, but neither of them could laugh.

In terms of status, Zhang Zai is not worthy of Lu Chengqi. But according to the official history, Zhang Zai is a character called Zhang Zi! Lu Chengqi's worship is not a loss!

Those who can be called sons are all sages, and they are all honored titles for them by others! Confucius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Mozi, Mencius, Xunzi, Zengzi, Han Feizi, Sun Tzu, Huizi, Guiguzi...... Which one is not a great sage?

After Lu Chengqi finished worshipping, he slowly sat down again and said, "Sir is a sage today, and he deserves to be worshipped." Listening to your words is better than reading a book for ten years. I now know that the ancients were honest and did not deceive me, and the sages and sages were constantly coming and going, both in ancient times and today. ”

Zhang Zai didn't dare to sit down, and said modestly when he heard the words: "Your Majesty has praised it falsely, the grass people just read a little more books and have some understanding of themselves." ”

Lu Chengqi said with a smile: "Mr. is too modest, I suddenly remembered a sentence, which is very suitable for Mr.'s understanding: establish a heart for heaven and earth, establish a life for the people, continue to learn for the saints, and open peace for all generations!" Sir deserves these four sentences! ”

Lu Chengqi's inspiration flashed, and he remembered the ambition of the ancients when he was studying, and wrote it down. But I don't know that this is exactly Zhang Zai's famous words of self-vigilance, but Zhang Zai has not summarized it at this time.

Zhang Zai muttered: "Establish a heart for heaven and earth, establish a life for the people, continue to learn for the saints, and open peace for all generations." Establish a heart for heaven and earth, establish a life for the people, continue to learn for the saints, and open peace for all generations...... What a good one to open peace for all generations! ”

Zhang Zai raised his head suddenly, looked at Lu Chengqi's clear eyes, and knew that he had finally found his motto and found his confidant!

"Your Majesty's words, Zihou should always keep in mind. Establish a heart for heaven and earth, establish a life for the people, continue to learn for the saints, and open peace for all generations! ”

Zhang Zai said categorically, the look in his eyes was clearer, like a deep universe, mysterious and simple. (To be continued.) )