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Although Germany has developed rapidly in the industrial economy, since 1890 after the German Prime Minister Bismarck went into the field, the situation in Europe has become increasingly unstable, the hatred of Germany caused by the defeat of France after the Franco-Prussian War, the power competition between Austria and Russia in the Balkans, and the competition among the great powers brought about by the colonial expansion policy, so that Kaiser Wilhelm II and Prime Minister Tilpitz are anxious, so they advocate alliance and foreign expansion policy, and the German Admiralty has been taking the British Imperial Navy fleet as the goal of catching up and launching the Great Navy Plan.

But Germany's plans for a large navy completely infuriated the British. Because of the geographical location of the United Kingdom, its heart and brain are located in the British Isles off the west coast of continental Europe, and London, which is also located on the River Thames. No matter how powerful the empire was and how developed the colonial economy was, once the British Isles were lost, no matter how many overseas territories the British Empire still had at this time, the collapse and destruction of the empire would be almost irreversible. From Philip II's Armada to the Sun King's challenge, to the Anglo-Dutch naval wars, to the Napoleonic Wars, Britain's sea power was not only based on colonial empires, but also by defeating the invasion attempts of the European overlords on the British Isles again and again. From the royal family to the common people, everyone in Britain does not depend on the safety of the country and the nation, and this has almost become a belief. If anyone dares to challenge this belief, it will be tantamount to touching one of the most sensitive nerves of the British. Therefore, for Britain, the emergence of a land and sea power on the west coast of the European continent means that the country is in danger of death and survival.

Germany's location, precisely between the Low Countries and Jutland, was one of the most sensitive of Britain's sensitive nerves. The German voyage from Wilhelmshaven, facing the North Sea, to the coast of Scotland was only 300 nautical miles, for a modern battleship. It's just a day's journey, and if a high-speed warship sails at full speed, it can even be done at night. Napoleon once threatened: "I can become London in three days of fog." Master of the British Parliament and the Bank of England. After entering the age of steam, as long as the German navy can suppress or even contain the home fleet of the Royal Navy for three days, the Kaiser can also say the same, so Germany's vigorous development of the navy is a deadly dagger in the heart of the British Empire. If a large fleet appeared in this position, which could overwhelm the Home Fleet of the British Royal Navy, and it was in the hands of Germany, which had the most powerful army in Europe, it would not only be a competitive threat to sea power in the eyes of Britain, but an existential threat to the survival of the nation and the life and death of the nation.

So Britain and China formed an alliance and blocked the Strait of Malacca. suppressed Germany, and even did not hesitate to dispatch more than 1,600 officers and soldiers of two brigades to participate in China's war against Germany in Jiaozhou. Song Xiaofei also took advantage of Germany's threat to Britain to form an alliance with Britain to completely drive German forces out of China and recover Macao. and Britain to carve up Indonesia.

The contest between China and Germany was first fought at sea. Broery, commander of the German Far East Fleet, led three cruiser ironclad flagships, including the "Princess Wilhelm", "Cafate", and "Argona", which had a displacement of 4,900 tons and a maximum speed of 18 knots, and were launched into service with the German Navy in 1888, as well as more than a dozen 3,000-ton armored ships, trying to break through the blockade of the Chinese Navy in the waters of Qingdao.

Deng Shichang, commander of China's Second Fleet, who led 20 warships to blockade the waters off Qingdao, was on the "Dahan" flagship after receiving information from a reconnaissance ship. Laughing, he said to Lang Weili beside him, "Brory is looking for death, and he still thinks that our Chinese fleet is the fleet of the Manchu Qing Dynasty." Well, let's give them a ride! The 'Great Han' class battleship attacked! ”

The three 15,000-ton "Dahan"-class all-heavy artillery battleships were like giant towers on the sea, riding the wind and waves in the faint mist. Splashing a string of waves several meters high, followed by five or six 7,000-ton domestic cruiser ironclads, a comparison, you know that the dozen or so German battleships have long been outdated, all scum.

Three 15,000-ton "Dahan"-class heavy gunboats. One is a four-seat double-mounted turret warship, two are three-seated triple-mounted turret warships, the hull adopts an outward-floating streamlined design, which can avoid the problem of "burying the head" of the ship to the greatest extent, improve the ship's anti-sinking performance and longitudinal pitching stability in high sea conditions, and is also very suitable for sailing in harsh ocean conditions. Moreover, the underwater torpedo tube installation was replaced by a highly maneuverable torpedo boat, and its maximum speed of 24 knots was close to that of the cruiser.

Different from the design of the original dreadnought-class battleships, these battleships have added some design concepts of Chinese designers in the design of artillery, in terms of the number of guns, the dreadnoughts use 10 unified models, 12-inch caliber main guns with consistent ballistic performance, 5 twin main gun turrets, one at the bow and one at the stern, and one behind the boiler room of the amidships, arranged on the center line of the hull; Between the two boiler rooms, one on each side of the ship is symmetrically arranged, with a maximum firepower of 8 main guns on the side of the whole ship, and 6 main guns on the front firepower in theory, the firepower advantage is doubled, and the ballistic performance of the main guns is consistent, making it possible to adopt a unified fire control system. The "Dahan" battleship was designed with a large-caliber 13.5-inch naval gun, with a large caliber and different turret tonnage, and was accordingly adjusted to four twin naval guns and three triple naval guns, and the firepower was more intense.

China's 7,000-ton ironclad ship designed by imitating the British ** ship is not weak in performance. On the basis of the 30 years of the Westernization Movement, China's domestic shipbuilding and heavy industry has given priority to development in the Republic, vigorously raised the wages and benefits of engineering and technical personnel, and has advanced steadily for more than 10 years.

When Brory, commander of the German Far East Fleet, saw the mighty Chinese fleet in the telescope, he was dumbfounded, because the technical level of the German fleet and the Chinese fleet was 15 years apart, from 1888 to 1902, this period was the 15 years when the world's naval technology was changing with each passing day. But he had no way to retreat, and commanded the fleet in line with the "Princess William" and raised heavy artillery to break through.

"Fire!" The commander of the medium-sized ship was ordered to quickly wave the signal flag when he was three or four nautical miles away from the German ship. Preemptive.

Rumble! Rumble! Rumble...... Dozens of guns on the all-heavy artillery battleship opened decisive fire, and shells flew in a parabolic line from the black muzzle to the German ** ship. The German fleet was suddenly in a sea of fire, smoke billowed from it, and the formation was completely out of order. Like a lost hare, skewering around the sea.

Brory commanded the German fleet to move forward at full speed, approached the medium ** ship and fired back again, but the armor of the medium ** ship was generally thicker. There was another gap in the accuracy of the shells between the two sides, and the naval battle lasted less than an hour, and seven of the eleven warships of the German Far East Fleet were sunk. The "Princess William" was hit by the steering rudder and the forward battery opened fire by a "Dahan-class" battleship under the command of Luang Weili, and the hull was blown into two pieces and slowly sank into the sea.

The amphibious unit of the Chinese Marine Corps immediately landed in Jiaozhou Bay with the support of the Navy's strong firepower. The fortress of the German army was bombarded by the heavy artillery on the ** ship for three hours, which was almost the limit of the high-intensity shelling of the heavy artillery. The guns are all hot. The 30 155-mm heavy howitzers and 40 105-mm cannons of the two battalions of the British army rained down 20-100 kg bombs on the German fortress, destroying a badly damaged bunker and battery as if they were peeling off a rock wall.

Jiang Baili's airship unit also has extremely high efficiency and first-class accuracy. Heavily bombarded the German minefields and the landing areas across the river. The gunpowder and shells in the fort and the tunnels were also hit by armor-piercing shells from time to time, causing a thunderous explosion and sand and stones flying all over the sky. The mines planted by the Germans were constantly detonated. The batteries on the German fortresses had collapsed, and the artillery that had been set up and hidden was basically useless. The road was littered with ruins, and the dead and wounded were littered everywhere. Ten Dragon tanks riveted with thin steel plates. Closely chasing the tail of the German army, the heavy machine gun bullets hit the German corpses all over the field. A steady stream of follow-up troops followed,

Actively attack.

At that time, the German army was inexperienced in aerial combat, and a few brave people returned fire with rifles, but unfortunately the kind of thing that can shoot down airships can only happen in bloody dramas. In reality, not to mention rifles, even heavy machine guns are helpless against airships. Instead of getting down a single airship, the Germans were strafed by the machine guns on the airship and smashed into a sieve. Smoke was already billowing from the German positions. The Krupp cannons, which were placed behind the inclined bunkers and without any shelter above, were blown up, and the German artillery suffered countless casualties, and there was no chance to fight the Chinese artillery at all.

The newly trained Chinese engineer battalion also played a significant role at this time. I saw twenty or thirty sappers on the ground, sometimes prostrate, sometimes jumping, lying down a few times, approaching the German fortifications, placing a large or small blasting canister in the weak part of the fortifications or near the firing port, pulling the fuse and quickly running away, "boom" earth-shattering sound, the fire and smoke flashed, the broken wood and rotten flesh flew in all directions, and the German fortifications collapsed.

The total number of German troops stationed in Jiaozhou was only 5,000, plus the reserves, no more than 10,000, most of them were killed and wounded, and a number of people fled, and the Chinese 50,000 troops only took about 14 hours to occupy the whole city, control the local railway communication lines, tear down the German flag and burn it, hoisted the Chinese five-color flag, and officially recovered Jiaozhou.

Song Xiaofei issued a presidential decree to revoke all German privileges and interests in Qingdao and Shandong, confiscated the so-called German property in Qingdao and Shandong, including Sino-German joint ventures, took over the German-invested Zichuan, Fangzi, Jinling Town, and other Shandong mining areas, and revoked Germany's concessions and all privileges in China. German ships anchored in the waters of Wusongkou and Japan were also confiscated by China.

The Chinese in Macau were encouraged by the news of the squadron's victory over the Germans in Jiaozhou in the newspapers, and some locals refused to submit to Portuguese rule. Because in 1553, Portugal only leased Macau and paid 20,000 taels of silver land tax to the Ming Dynasty government every year, but the administration and justice of Macau had to report to the Ming Dynasty government. At the end of the 19th century, Portugal took advantage of the partition of the Qing government by foreign powers to stop Macao from paying land rent to the Qing Dynasty. In 1887, the Chinese representative Sun Yuwen and the Portuguese representative Rocha signed the 54th paragraph of the "Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Peace and Commerce", which enabled Portugal to force the Chinese government to formally recognize the reality of its occupation of Macao, and to declare that the status quo would be maintained and could not be changed until the boundary of Macao was demarcated. However, in 1890, the Portuguese took advantage of China's civil strife to brazenly occupy Ilha Verde, build the Ilha Verde Highway, and the Chinese sailors moved to Qianshan.

In 1896, Song Xiaofei asked the chief of customs, the Englishman Hurd, to come forward and propose to buy back Macao with 500,000 silver dollars, but the negotiation was not reached. At that time, China was preparing to take back Macao by force, but because of the face of the British and the fact that they had to fight against Japan and Russia, the matter was delayed. Now that China and Britain have formed an alliance, Song Xiaofei let Li Yuanhong lead the Third Fleet to occupy the Gongbei Customs in Macao. Portugal sent three warships to intercept it, and two were sunk by the ** ship.

Later, Portugal asked Britain to mediate, and Song Xiaofei promised to pay 50,000 silver dollars to buy the Macau City Hall built by the Portuguese government, and allowed the Portuguese in the city to live and take back Macao, and the five-color national flag of the Republic was flying high in Macao!