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St. Petersburg, the lavish Hermitage, one of the most famous imperial palaces in Russia, is located on St. Petersburg Palace Square. In the middle of the Hermitage Square, there is a huge column of Alexander, similar to the Huabiao in front of the **, which is used to commemorate the victory of Russia against Napoleon.

Facing the palace square, there are three arched iron gates, and at the entrance there is a group of Atlas titans. The palace is surrounded by two rows of colonnades, which are majestic. Many halls in the palace are decorated with malachite, jasper, and agate products, the famous Peacock Hall has 2 tons of malachite, the parquet floor is made of 9 kinds of precious wood, and behind the Tsar's throne, there is a map inlaid with 45,000 colored stones. The Hermitage is not only magnificent on the outside, but also rich in the collection of curiosities. In the 18th century, Catherine II built the Treasure Building, which had 225 famous paintings purchased from Germany and stored in the building.

But in the summer of 1901, Tsar Nicholas II, who lived in such a lavish palace, had a gloomy face and was in a particularly irritable mood. The news of the continuous crushing defeats of the Russian army came from the front line, the Western Pacific Fleet was completely annihilated, Vladivostok and Sakhalin were taken back by China one after another, and the feeling of losing territory made the 33-year-old tsar almost hysterical. Since Peter the Great, Russia has been expanding its territory, but did not expect that China is now rising strongly, the tank airship force makes the Russian army frightened, Nicholas II was full of disappointment in this war, but did not expect that the Sino-Russian Daosheng Bank also went bankrupt, detonating the economic and financial crisis in Russia, prices soared, workers have asked for wage increases, internal and external troubles, he was even more upset, convened princes, nobles and ministers to discuss, how to survive the huge crisis in front of him.

The ministers are not arguing with each other, but they are unable to come up with a solution to the problem. Witt wanted to reach into the pockets of royalty and the princes. Let them scrape together some money to solve the current crisis. But as he spoke, he carefully observed the expressions on the faces of the princes and magnates in the room, and they looked reluctant, asking them to pay as if they were going to cut their flesh. The tsarist bureaucracy, which concealed false accounts and was greedy for ink, was really rotten to the core. It would be nice for these parasites to make fewer false statements, to get money out of the pockets of these misers who only know how to make money. It's tantamount to asking for fish from the wood. The only bad idea they could come up with was to raise taxes on the poor peasants and workers and to plunder the people's property.

But the tinkle of the poor of more than 100 million workers and peasants of Tsarist Russia, where is the surplus money to pay the ever-increasing taxes? The Tsar's teacher, Pobedonoschev, had been coordinating various affairs for Nicholas II. He knew how difficult the Empire's finances were in the second quarter of 1901, and he spoke almost in a pleading tone: "Lord Witte, Chancellor of the Exchequer, has made it very clear, and you should all know that those untouchables have not much money even if they pay twice the tax a year. Moreover, peasants and workers in many places are already in serious tax arrears. The Imperial Government can raise taxes, but can it collect them? Most industrial factory owners have also reduced workers' wages and reduced costs. Do your best to meet the military material needs of the imperial ** team in the Far East. I hope you can understand Your Majesty's difficulties, and you must understand that your family can have the glory and wealth you have today, which is a gift from Your Highness. I would like to take the lead in donating 100,000 rubles, and you can also contribute a little of your own property. ”

However, Donoszev shouted for the tsar so hard, but the princes and magnates present cried to the tsar that they were poor, that there were many slaves in the house, and that the expenses were too great, and they were unwilling to pay. When Nicholas II ascended the throne, an insurmountable contradiction arose between the capitalist economic system with exploitation as the main theme and the decadent and backward Russian state system, which in turn widened the gap between the rich and the poor in Tsarist Russia, and a large number of peasants went bankrupt, and the wages of workers were reduced again and again, and social contradictions arose. intensified, the life of these princes and nobles is indeed not as good as before. Under the persecution of Tsar Nicholas II, these wealthy people, who have been attached to the empire to make money and suck blood, only symbolically took out some money, but this is only a drop in the bucket for the increasingly tight finances of Tsarist Russia.

Just as the Tsar was preparing to raise funds for war preparedness, a general strike began at the Putilov Factory, the largest in Petersburg, and a demonstration took to the streets. Mogunov, and then the Bolshevik party organization headed by Lenin began to appear on the stage of history.

In 1712, Peter the Great of Tsarist Russia moved the capital to Petersburg, and for more than 200 years until 1918, St. Petersburg was the center of Russian culture, politics and economy, also known as the "northern capital" of Russia, with thousands of factories and more than 200,000 workers.

If you go to the Soviet period, let alone the dismissal of four workers, it is no problem to say that there are 400, 4,000, or 40,000, because the trade unions are all under the leadership of the Bolsheviks, and they are just tools for decoration and oppression of workers, but in the Tsarist period, the workers of Tsarist Russia had low wages, not to mention supporting their families, and they were spreading all kinds of indirect taxes, and once the workers living in the capital were dismissed, the whole family had no source of livelihood, and they were not far from starvation, so Mogunov immediately organized a strike of dissatisfied workers.

At the entrance of the Putilov factory, Mogunov organized 500 striking workers to confront the factory manager, Alessy Safrasenko, and the security guards armed with iron rods.

The burly, thick-eyed, big-eyed Mogunov clenched his fists and shouted at Safrasenko: "You dog mongrel, why did you fire four workers of our union? ”

"You gather a crowd to make trouble, it's cheap enough not to hang you!" Safrasenko did not back down.

"Nonsense, we didn't make trouble, we just asked the factory to increase wages, you know? There is a shortage of food, the price of firewood, rice, oil and salt is rising every day, and now our daily wages are not enough to even buy a loaf of bread. Mogunov replied angrily.

"Nikita. Mogunov, you must, immediately let the workers go back to work, otherwise, the next punishment is not something you can bear, you know? "The Putilov Mechanical Plant was for the smelting of steel and the manufacture of guns and shells for the Russian Empire, and once the work was stopped, the Russian military supplies were finished. Safrasenko was so angry that he intimidated the workers, he did not expect that these workers, who usually swallowed their anger, would eat leopard gall today and dare to confront him.

"Safrasenko, you know, without this job, you let Sasha. Cowan and Dimiti. Sokolov and his family are living, their youngest daughter is only four years old, and she is about to starve to death, and now it is the four of them, is it our turn next? Factories cannot fire workers for no reason...... "Worker leader Nikita. Mogunov shouted.

"Mogunov, you instigated trouble, go back to work and production, or you will all be deducted from the wages of these strikers this month." Alessi. Safrasenko stops Nikita. Mogunov continued.

Mogunov shouted loudly to the crowd behind him: "Workers, now is not a matter of firing four workers, everyone is not fed and clothed, and they are asking for a raise, what is wrong." Workers, Sasha. Cowan and Dimiti. Sokolov: They went to Alessy for the sake of everyone's life, to increase the salary income of the big guys, so that they could support their families. The director of the Safrasenko plant theory went before being fired. If everyone does not unite to protest against the unconscionable dismissal of workers by the management of the factory, Sasha. Cowan and Dimiti. Sokolov: They are your role models for the future. ”

"yes, everybody has to unite, don't let Alessi. Safrasenko, this bastard, has fooled everyone," said Yuri, another union leader. Vasilev also shouted, urging everyone not to believe the words of the factory director.

"That's right, Safrasenko, you have to give us an explanation!"

"Safrasenko, you have to give us a guarantee"

"Give us a raise!"

The striking workers, who were outnumbered, surrounded Alessi with great force. Safrasenko and others demanded a guaranteed wage increase for the workers.

"Get out of the way, don't get in the way, what can I give you." Annoyed and angry, Alessi. Safrasenko led the men to push away the workers who surrounded him and fled.

Mogunov raised his arms and shouted: "Workers, is there anything wrong with asking the factory to increase our wages at this time of hunger and cold? Wages are getting lower and lower, prices are getting higher and higher, how will we live in the future? We, the Bolsheviks, set up the 'All-Russian Congress of Factory Workers' to fight for our poor workers for wage increases and other benefits, and we must ask the factory to hear our voices, understand our suffering, and fight for our right to live, otherwise we will not even survive this cold winter, we will organize rallies and we will march in the streets! ”

The Bolshevik party led by Lenin took the opportunity to speak at these rallies and marches, and put forward their respective political proposals on freedom of speech and the press, freedom of association of workers, the convening of a constituent assembly to change the Russian state system, legal equality for all, separation of church and state, the cessation of the Sino-Russian war, the introduction of the eight-hour day, and the return of land to the peasants, and agitated for demonstrations and general strikes.

When prices skyrocket and money is worthless, society is in chaos. At that time, the ruble was depreciating, prices were rising all the time, day by day, St. Petersburg workers, families, small artisanal merchants, and other vulnerable groups, all joined the march and petition, the number of which once reached 100,000, they were ready to appeal to His Majesty the Tsar about their plight, the scale of the strike and petition became larger and larger, and gradually out of the control of the police and security bureaus, the situation in St. Petersburg was about to get out of control!