Chapter 17: The Great Cause of the Founding of the People's Republic (3)

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Rong Rong is over thirty years old, she still has a good face, her soft skin is as bright as a sixteen-year-old girl, and she looks good when she is angry, which makes people can't bear to lose her temper with her. Song Xiaofei's face was calm, and he picked up the newspaper on the chessboard, which was a copy of the "New York Times", which reported that Song Xiaofei ordered the newspaper to be sealed, sent reporters and editors to live in cattle sheds in the countryside, and also appointed Feng Guozhang, Cao Kun and a large number of generals of the Beiyang New Army as the chairman of the local government, saying that Song Xiaofei intended to form a military government, be a "dictator", and seize state power by any means.

Rong Rong said: "Burning books and pit Confucianism, that's what a tyrant like Qin Shi Huang did, how can you do this?" ”

Song Xiaofei was very angry when he saw Rong Rong comparing himself to a tyrant like Qin Shi Huang, and retorted: "I didn't dig a pit and bury them all, I just let them experience rural life." In this way, they will understand that for the Chinese people, filling their stomachs is the most important thing. You have to believe that everything I do today is out of sincere patriotic feelings. ”

Rong Rong said: "I remember that we discussed the meaning of freedom of speech in the first place. ”

Song Xiaofei said: "Yes, but I have always believed that the premise of freedom of speech is to be responsible!" Those newspapers that have been banned are all reversing black and white, pointing to the deer as a horse, if the blood spews people and slanders arbitrarily is freedom of speech, there is no such freedom in the world! ”

Rong Rong said: "If you ask the government to tell the truth, the newspaper will naturally not chase after the wind." ”

Song Xiaofei shook his head and said, "You still think that truth must win over falsehood!" But the bloody lesson taught me. Rationality is an acquired ability that needs to be supported by knowledge, and the rabble is always ignorant and easily swayed by emotions. and not an administrative control. In the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Hong Xiuquan and Yang Xiuqing pretended to be ghosts, and the people died more than 50 million in vain; His mentor Li Hongzhang was trapped by traitors because the people did not understand the difference between constitutional monarchy and monarchy, and his reputation was ruined. He died of grief, and the republic was almost divided and in turmoil. And I will never allow this to happen again! I would rather take the steady road than the fast road, the Chinese people can no longer afford to toss and delay! ”

Rong Rong said: "So you want to abandon the republican constitution and organize a military government? ”

Song Xiaofei said: "The fatal weakness of the republic is its instability. I remember that my mentor Li Hongzhang used to teach me that the road should be taken step by step, and the food should be eaten one bite at a time. Now there are internal and external troubles. The Germans in Shandong, the Russians in the Northeast, and the French in Vietnam are all eyeing each other, and although the Japanese are defeated, they will certainly not give up, and the Japanese emperor has already listed China as the number one enemy, so I am ready to take three steps. Military government first, then discipline government, and finally constitutionalism. Let's focus on people's livelihood first, and then democracy. ”

Rong Rong saw that Song Xiaofei didn't feel that she was wrong at all, and said, "You are really unreasonable!" He turned around and left. Rong Rong thought that Song Xiaofei would catch up with her, in the past, when she was angry, Song Xiaofei would catch up, but this time, Song Xiaofei did not chase after her and picked up the chess pieces on the ground. Said to Duan Qirui: "Come, let's continue to play chess." ”

Rong Rong was already sad because Song Xiaofei married Xi Muqing, but Song Xiaofei didn't chase after her, she thought that Song Xiaofei didn't care about her, and she was so aggrieved that two lines of tears flowed on her face. She actually wanted to compromise like Xi Muqing in her heart. But she has self-esteem and pride, and when it comes to love, she is not willing to give up her principles yet.

Duan Qirui's anger had subsided at this time, but he was a little embarrassed, and asked Song Xiaofei: "Big brother, you really don't chase out?" ”

Song Xiaofei said: "Don't talk nonsense, play chess." Sometimes a woman is hot-headed, just leave her alone, and the future time will prove who is right and who is wrong! ”

In the golden autumn of September, the ginkgo biloba near Diaoyutai turns from green to yellow, and with the autumn wind, it becomes a splendid music in the capital, and the grass under the ginkgo tree is also covered with thick goose-yellow ginkgo leaves. There is a mansion here, the walls are made of cast-iron fences, and the four gates are guarded by guards of the Beiyang New Army, and from time to time there are soldiers with guns on their backs patrolling outside. The interior of this mansion is magnificently furnished, with a huge conference hall with brown carpets on the floor, carved doors and windows with red lacquer, and framed plum blossom scrolls on the walls. Rong Hong, Yan Fu, Liang Qichao, and others revised the Constitution of the First Republic here three or four months ago.

Song Xiaofei took Confucius's birthday, September 28, as the founding day of the People's Republic of China, in order to unite most of the gentry at that time and establish the Second Republic of China. Song Xiaofei demanded that the new constitution revised by Rong Hong and others must have Chinese characteristics, "If a government like Taixi is established in China immediately, the only outcome is failure!" ”

After the revision of the Constitution, according to the provisions of the new Constitution of the Second Republic, China is a people's democratic republic, the President is the head of state and the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces, the Prime Minister exercises executive power and organizes a responsible Cabinet, and the President has the right of veto over the Cabinet. There are 31 provinces and autonomous regions in the country, and the governors or chairmen of the provincial governments are nominated and appointed by the president. In addition, the president has diplomatic powers, the right to declare war, the right to ask for peace, the right to pardon, the right to award honors, and the right to sign capital punishments.

The legislative power is exercised by the National Assembly. However, the President has the power to convene Congress, adjourn it and dissolve it in exceptional circumstances. When Congress adjourns but there is an emergency in the country, such as war, that requires immediate action by the state, the president has the power to issue decrees with legal effect. The greatest freedoms possessed by citizens are human rights, the right to private property, the right to residence, freedom of trade, and freedom of religious belief.

Courts and police stations shall be established in administrative regions at or above the county level throughout the country to exercise judicial power.

All public servants of state administrative units shall be selected on the basis of merit through examinations organized by the state.

Because the national flag and national anthem of the country are familiar to the common people, the five-color flag of the First Republic is still used, representing the republic of the five ethnic groups, and the national anthem still uses the words written by Zhang Jian:

Towering Kunlun, gazing at the land of China

The surging rivers give birth to ancient civilizations

Li Min is the master of the house, and the emperor has left us

There are the teachings of Confucius and Mencius, and we must keep them in mind

Yao Shun era. Ancestors admonished

There are five tribes among the people, and they cannot be separated

The world is for the public, and the people are valued over the king

Overkill, the development of agricultural workers

Culture and education are thriving. Popular morale

The country is peaceful and the people are safe, and the rivers are bright

The revised constitution stipulates that reforming the armed forces, promoting commerce and trade, and implementing education for all are the three centennial plans of China's national development, and new civil and criminal laws have been enacted throughout the country.

The constitution also stipulates that the main legal political parties in the country are the Ba'ath Party, the Merchants' Party, the Workers' Party, the Squire Party, and the Peasants' Party. The Women's Party, of which the Ba'ath Party is the ruling party and the other five parties are participating parties, holds a political consultative conference in March every year, and all parties participate in the administration and discussion of state affairs. The Women's Party was founded by Rong Rong to fight for women's rights and equality between men and women, and Qiu Jin, Tang Qunying, Ge Jianhao and others later became the backbone members of the Women's Party.

Although the new constitution of this republic still has many flaws, it is after all a constitution that is more suitable for China's national conditions, and it is much more advanced than the previous feudal laws, at the National Assembly in September. After full consultation, the new constitution was adopted, and Song Xiaofei was officially elected president of the Second Republic, and out of 850 senators and representatives, 759 people voted, and Song Xiaofei received 607 votes. More than two-thirds of the voters, Song Xiaofei quickly sent a note to the diplomatic representative office in China about the election results, which were recognized by 20 countries, including the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Brazil, and France.

In addition, Rong Hong was elected president of the Senate, Liu Kunyi and Zhang Zhidong were elected vice presidents, and Wang Wenshao was elected president of the House of Representatives. In Hubei and Hunan provinces, Zhang Zhidong's son Zhang Quan was the provincial chairman, and the Hubei New Army retained it; The provinces of Jiangsu, Anhui and Jiangxi were governed by Liu Kunyi's son, Liu Nengji; Guizhou and Xinjiang are chaired by Wang Wenshao's son, Wang Qingzhen, and these seven provinces are autonomous provinces. Xinjiang, Mongolia, and Tibet are autonomous regions, and this is a quid pro quo for the surrender of military and monetary powers. The central government established the Central Military Commission and the Central Bank, and took back the military power and the right to issue currency in various localities.

After Song Xiaofei was elected president, he appointed Duan Qirui as the chief of the army and Liu Buyun as the chief of the navy. Nominating Sheng Xuanhuai as Prime Minister, he organized the "Talent Cabinet":

Chief Financial Officer: Xi Jiadong

Chief of Internal Affairs: Nguyen Trung Shu

Attorney General: Liang Qichao

Chief of Transportation: Zhan Tianyou

Chief of Education: Yan Fu

Chief of Agriculture and Industry: Zhang Jian

Chief of Customs: Hurd

Minister of Foreign Affairs: Wu Tingfang

Chief of Police: Zhao Bingjun

Song Xiaofei thought that the people in this cabinet were good, compared them with each other, submitted them to the National Assembly for approval, and appointed Li Jingfang as secretary general of the presidential office.

President Song Xiaofei also appointed the governors of the provinces, in order to better control the provinces and save government funds, the early implementation was a military government, one person often concurrently served as the governor of two or three provinces, called the chairman, and engaged in the integration of military and government, for example, Xu Shichang was the chairman of the three northeastern provinces, responsible for military and political affairs; Duan Qirui is the chief of the army and the chairman of Shandong Province; Feng Guozhang is the chairman of Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces, Cao Kun is the chairman of Gansu and Qinghai provinces, Li Yuanhong is the governor of Sichuan Province, Zhang Xun is the governor of Yunnan Province, Wang Shizhen is the chairman of Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, and Liu Mingchuan is the chairman of Taiwan Province and Fujian Province.

In order to express the will of the Second Republic to reform and celebrate the establishment of the Second Republic, Song Xiaofei ordered the abolition of all kinds of torture left over from the Manchu Qing Dynasty, a national amnesty, and the release of all prisoners who committed the felony of beheading and returned to their hometowns; Before the arrival of the Lunar New Year, all citizens must cut their braids; Hanfu was restored, and the state issued one set to each citizen free of charge.

In order to set an example for the people, Song Xiaofei decided to cut off his braids before the swearing-in ceremony in October. This "scoop", disclosed by the "Power Daily", "The New York Times", "The Times" and other heavyweight overseas media have reprinted one after another, and it has become an interesting news for a while, and the government's foreigners and civil servants have recently responded to the call, so most of the people in the city lined up to cut their braids, and the barbers began to get busy, from morning to night, from October to the end of the year. Only the province of Yunnan under Zhang Xun's jurisdiction did not work well.

Thanks to Rong Rong's efforts, the National Assembly also passed a bill to prohibit women from binding their feet. Because this is inhumane, foot binding generally begins at the age of three or four for girls, and the traditional and conservative parents will wrap their feet with a thick footcloth, the big toe is compressed, and the other four toes are forced to bend to the soles of the feet, and it is difficult to walk, which is easy to cause calf muscle atrophy, and the disability caused by it cannot be remedied.

Everything is ready, the great cause of the founding of the country is basically completed, and on October 1, 1895, Song Xiaofei was officially sworn in as the president!