Chapter Eighty-Seven: On Business
"Our country has always divided the people into farmers, businessmen, and businessmen, and scholars are the people who govern the government and run the school, and the status is the highest. The interests of the peasants were the most important, while the business and industry were at the bottom of the list, and the merchants were always discriminated against. And businessmen and commerce seem to be useless, and since ancient times, all famous scholars have criticized businessmen with the argument of valuing agriculture and suppressing business, is business really useless? Wu Yun asked.
And Chen Fei began to ponder, and then said: "Business is not useless, but at least it can protect my Chinese land from falling into division." ”
"Oh?" Wu Yun asked curiously.
"Back then, Lao Tzu once said that the pursuit of small countries and widows, chickens and dogs smell each other, and the so-called peace of old and dead do not get along. However, the world is so big, and the differences in property are very huge, so it has always been such a small country and widows, and everyone does not communicate with each other, so in the end it will not be able to survive. And only business dealings can unite everyone and avoid division. Commerce is the basis on which a great power maintains unity, and if there is no commerce as a bond, sooner or later the cause and effect of division will be planted. ”
"Only through commercial development can we bring all regions closer together, so that we can truly contain wars. Only by allowing the people of all parts of the world to rely on each other's products can the people truly twist into a rope and not survive self-sufficiently. In this way, in order to survive, the people will truly unite. ”
Wu Yun couldn't help but nod a little after listening to Chen Fei's words, because what Chen Fei said was very reasonable. In Chen Fei's words, that is, the proposal that Lao Tzu's small country and widows would not get along with each other for a long time is simply useless. After all, if there is really no need to rely on each other to survive, this is the real national division and the end of the outbreak of war.
If Chen Fei looks at the economic theory of later generations, the reason why the ancient countries were divided was largely caused by the self-sufficient economic model. In ancient times, self-sufficiency was emphasized, rather than needing all kinds of material support from others, which resulted in the fact that no province was left, the country could still function well, and the economy and people of other places would not be affected. However, this makes those local forces have no scruples about splitting the country, because they do not need to rely on other provinces, because they can also survive in this way.
However, in the later era, when the commodity economy was sufficiently developed, human needs were far more than just food. The needs of various lives are innumerable, and in this way we can connect the whole country through the commodity economy. And just like in the future, the whole country needed coal, and Shanxi, which is rich in coal, was also pulled into this economic circle. And Shanxi also needs other materials, so that the whole country can be unified under the influence of each other. And this is the reason why the commodity economy developed in later generations, but as a result, countries are not easy to divide and disintegrate. The basis of politics is the economy, and the economic foundation determines the superstructure, so Chen Fei does not believe that business should be suppressed. Only when the commercial commodity economy develops can the stability of the country be truly maintained.
"Chen County Order, do you think business can take on such a big responsibility?" Wu Yun asked curiously.
"Since ancient times, there has been no agriculture, no stability, no business, no life. Business is an industry that meets the needs of the people, and it cannot be eliminated casually. The bigger the country, the more business is needed. And the more developed the business, the more stable the country can be. And the so-called suppression of commerce is just the honor of scholars in order to maintain their independent values and identity! Chen Fei said.
Of course, Chen Fei would not say that the East and the West actually discriminated against businessmen for a period of time, and that foreign countries discriminated against businessmen because they wanted to maintain the so-called status and independent values of the aristocracy. And the literati doctors in China are no different. Because they need to maintain their independence of values, they will inhibit the development of business. But all this was in vain, because in ancient China, the government's inhibition of commerce was very weak.
During the Han Dynasty, merchants were restricted from wearing all kinds of clothes, but many people thought that this was a suppression of merchants. But isn't this the government's helplessness against the merchant forces, they can't suppress commerce, so they can only make a fuss on their clothes to comfort themselves. Could it be that businessmen will not make money and develop because they are restricted from clothing, housing, and various rules of life?
According to Chen Fei's understanding, the governments of ancient China were all big landlords, or spokesmen for the interests of the landlord class. The emperor is also the largest landlord, and the emperor exploits the people through the state apparatus of the state government, and this is also the behavior of the landlord. And the merchant and they are not people who stand in the same class, and the merchant makes a profit through the exchange of goods, so they are not the same class.
And the reason for the suppression of commerce in ancient times was that the government, as the landlord class, did not want the people to move, they wanted the people to stay on the land, and then cultivate the land so that they had enough profits to exploit it. If the common people pursued commerce, then the land of the landlord class would not be cultivated with anyone's help, and the emperor and high-ranking officials, as the largest landlords, would have no profits. In order to protect their right to income, the emperor and those high-ranking officials and nobles naturally tried to suppress commerce, so as to safeguard the interests of their landlord class.
"Chen Xianling, what do you think can really make business develop? That is, the government will not suppress commerce? Wu Yun asked curiously.
Chen Fei said firmly: "Without him, it's just to improve productivity!" ”
Wu Yun also didn't know if Chen Fei could solve the problem of commerce, and it was an indisputable fact that commerce was suppressed in ancient times. Although commerce was not completely eliminated in ancient times, it is an indisputable fact that the ruling class did not support it. However, commerce has not been eliminated, because the people really need the circulation of materials, so that commerce has been preserved, no matter how the government suppressed the merchants, it did not die.
But now Chen Fei actually said a way to make business, which of course made Wu Yun very curious. After all, as long as the government can stop suppressing commerce, then the time for them to develop as merchants will come. As a businessman, how could you not want your business development to be able to go unchecked. So Wu Yun was really curious about Chen Fei's solution, and she didn't know if Chen Fei could solve this thousand-year-old problem! If this problem is solved, then Chen Fei will be the best friend of the world's businessmen.