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The Constitution of the Second Republic has long included the clause on equality between men and women. However, because of China's thousands of years of patriarchal social tradition, people's feudal concept is serious, and equal rights between men and women are still just empty talk on paper. In 1904, Song Xiaofei proposed that February 17, the birthday of China's first empress Wu Zetian, be designated as Women's Day, which was passed by the National Assembly, and the status of Chinese women increased day by day. Coupled with the development of industrialization, there are women in all walks of life, such as female journalists, female doctors, female nurses, and female teachers.

But in 1904, in the controversy over the existence and abolition of the brothel, Tang Qunying, Shen Peizhen, Qiu Jin and other members of the Women's Party organized the "Women's Political Suffrage Alliance" to make a big fuss in the Congress, and took advantage of the Senate meeting to lead a group of women's troops to rush into the venue, smash the glass windows of the Senate, and kick the guards, causing a sensation in the "Senate Incident" that caused a sensation throughout the country, causing a bad impact, and the male parliamentarians boycotted and protested, so Song Xiaofei had to issue a presidential decree ordering the dissolution of the "Women's Political Suffrage Alliance". Rong Rong's women's party was abolished from its right to discuss politics in Beijing, and the feminist movement in China fell into a low point for a while.

But who is Tang Qunying? She is a veteran feminist. His father is a general of the Hunan Army, due to his family style, and he has a bold and unrestrained temperament since he was a child. When she was a girl at home, she rode horses, fencing, and recited poetry, "often hating the crown for not being able to change her hair." She and Qiu Jin, who are also ambitious and feel lonely in the boudoir, hit it off at first sight, and the two often drink and write poems together, and vent the depression in their chests. The two years from 1895 to 1897. Tang Qunying suffered misfortune, first her daughter died, and then her husband died. Her mood plummeted. But she quickly picked herself up and decided to "never marry again, but to be a new man". In order to completely change the image of a woman as a weakling, she has read a lot of books, hoping to find a way out of her mind. When she happened to read Kang Youwei's "Book of Datong", there was a sentence in it that meant: "Women should have the right to receive the same education as men." Gain honors and manage society. At that moment, Tang Qunying's heart seemed to be connected to the power supply. Suddenly shining, so she made up her mind that she must fight for women's rights, freedom, and happiness in this life, and she immediately wrote a poem. revealed her heart at the time: self-warming wine in the bucket room. Who changes the wind in Juntian? Still in the waves, swear to be a treading man! Therefore, Tang Qunying will not give up easily.

In 1904, after the dissolution of the Women's Political Suffrage Alliance, Tang Qunying, Shen Peizhen, Qiu Jin and others saw that the political atmosphere in Beijing was not conducive to women's participation in politics, so they immediately went south and moved to Guangzhou, which opened earlier and opened up to the people, and Zhang Zhujun, Zheng Yuxiu and others were in perfect harmony. Continue to fight for women's right to participate in politics. When they arrived in Guangzhou, they first founded the "Women's Vernacular Xunbao". He claimed that "this newspaper is dedicated to popularizing the knowledge of women, so it is simple to speak and extend to the truth, so as to achieve the goal of equal rights between men and women". Subsequently, he founded the "Yadong Cong Bao", whose purpose is consistent: "This newspaper advocates women's rights, gives full play to people's livelihood, and promotes individual autonomy." In 1906, she also founded the first women's newspaper in Guangzhou's history, "Feminist Daily", which vigorously flaunted the idea of "equal rights for men and women and participation in national politics".

Later, Chen Jiongming went to Guangzhou City to become the chief of civil affairs. Because Chen Jiongming was the county magistrate of Haifeng County, Huizhou Prefecture, his hometown, was well organized, and he also took the lead in implementing the direct election of the township-level government in the country, Song Xiaofei was quite satisfied, and transferred him to Guangzhou City to become the chief civil affairs officer, which is equivalent to the mayor, and he became the mayor of Guangzhou at the age of 28, which is relatively young in the country. At that time, all universities in Lingnan were open to female students, there were female workers on the railway, and there were female conductors on the trams. These are at the forefront of the country.

On September 18, 1906, a member of the Guangzhou Women's Party named Li Peilan put forward the "Bill on Female Suffrage in the Electricity Contest" at the Guangzhou Municipal Council, proposing that women should also have the right to vote and be elected, but because of the opposition of the male parliamentarians, they failed to obtain the quorum of support, and was not approved by the Guangzhou Municipal Senate. Tang Qunying, Qiu Jin and others were furious, and first summoned more than 70 celebrities in the women's circle in Guangzhou and issued a notice, putting forward the slogan that the whole country should "liberate education, liberate professions, and liberate political power".

Most of the women invited were from feudal landlord families and bourgeois families, some were runaway girls, and some were widows of wealthy merchants. Later, they also organized a demonstration of more than 5,000 women in the city of Guangzhou to demand women's participation in political power. According to Tang Qunying's declaration in the "Feminist Daily", they will use bombs and pistols to deal with stinky men who do not recognize equal rights between men and women. They did organize a women's army of hundreds of people, with Qiu Jin, the "Jianhu Woman", as the captain. Tang even called on women across the country to support their struggle for women's rights by not having sex with their husbands. After being reported by "Declaration" and Rong Rong's "Qiangguo Daily", it was laughed at by many people, because for women at that time, participation in politics was still the goal pursued by bourgeois wives, official wives, and official ladies, not ordinary housewives. The idea of three obedience and four virtues in traditional culture still binds the vast majority of women. The road to women's struggle for equality and social recognition and to win suffrage is difficult and tortuous, let alone in China.

Tang organized a demonstration of 5,000 women, which reached ** on October 5. On this day, Chen Jiongming submitted to the Guangzhou Municipal Assembly a bill he drafted to clarify the eligibility of voters in local elections, because the provisions of the bill did not limit the right to vote to male citizens, and it can be understood that women would be given the right to vote. Tang Qunying believed that the time had come to fight for women's suffrage, and called on the Guangzhou Council to pass the bill as soon as possible in the Women's Rights Daily. But the male conservative majority in the Guangzhou council is ready to amend the bill.

On the morning of the revised bill being sent to the Guangzhou Municipal Council for approval, there were faint white clouds floating in the blue sky, although it was already autumn, when the streets of Guangzhou. The slender leaves of the palm trees in the south are still lush, and the leaves of the triangular plum are red. Tang Qunying led more than 500 women to submit a strong protest and petition to the Guangzhou Municipal Council, which said: In accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of China. The sovereignty of the Republic of China belongs to all its citizens, and Chinese women are citizens of the Republic of China, so they also enjoy the right to Article 5 of the Constitution, that is, all citizens of the Republic of China are equal, without distinction of race, class or religion. We recently heard that Minister of Civil Affairs Tan Hung-ming has submitted a bill to clarify the eligibility of voters in local elections, giving men and women the same right to vote. But the council wants to amend the bill. The denial of women the right to vote in elections and to serve as government officials is a clear violation of the Constitution. In an era when the great president advocates for the rule of law, we cannot tolerate unconstitutional bills. Therefore. We ask that you immediately revise and cancel these changes.

Subsequently, Qiu Jin also led hundreds of women's soldiers to gather in the reception hall of the Guangzhou Municipal Council. On the same day, more than 70 national representatives of Guangzhou attended the meeting. When they entered the door, they and Qiu Jin, the women's army who "did not abide by women's morals". Both sides glared angrily. There is no kindness. Soon, the national deputies of Guangzhou began to deliberate on the revised bill and voted by a show of hands. Among them, the conservative national representative Lin Chaonan, who strongly demanded that women be banned from voting in elections and serving as government officials, and that he was in his seventies, touched his gray beard and said: "Women are physically unfit to exercise the right to vote and hold government positions. Think about it. What if we have an election and the women have big bellies? Can they run out into the crowd and vote with their big bellies? And also. Most women are illiterate, they don't know a single word, they don't know what to do, what do they vote for? His views were endorsed by the majority of the national deputies, and 56 of the 70 Guangzhou national deputies were in favor of the revised bill.

When the news reached Qiu Jin, she rushed into the venue with hundreds of women's troops, and roared angrily: "You sanctimonious guys, don't hand over the bill to the government for study." Otherwise, none of you will be able to get out of this door today. ”

At this time, a national representative named Hong Chengfu stood up. This person is Renshan, known as Sanming, is a returned overseas Chinese from the United States, his ancestral home is Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, his parents are in the tea and silk business in Guangzhou, he received a master's degree in political science from Columbia University in the United States, and was elected as a national representative of Guangzhou City after returning to China, which is equivalent to a city councilor. He was about thirty-five years old and wore a black tuxedo suit with a bow tie. He lifted his eyes on the bridge of his nose and said to Qiu Jin: "This female compatriot, you are right to ask for women's suffrage, and I also voted for not amending the bill just now." But now that the National Assembly has ended, the bill has been passed. According to the legal procedure, it should be handed over to the municipal department for publication. It is not in accordance with the law for you to block us in the National Assembly. ”

Qiu Jin turned his head and glanced at Hong Chengfu behind him, he was slender, wearing a gold-rimmed glasses, his skin looked very fair, he looked gentle and elegant, there was something strange in his eyes, he didn't want to quarrel with him, so he said: "We don't care, today you have to solve this problem in front of us." After speaking, Qiu Jin stiffened her face and waved her hand, and the women's army poured into the meeting hall.

Hong Chengfu glanced at Qiu Jin, she was wearing a men's dress, tall, slender, fluffy black hair combed into a Western-style hairstyle, a blue cap covering half of her ears, a blue old suit, it didn't fit well on her body, and the sleeves were so long that they almost covered her white and tender hands. Her brown leather shoes were exposed under her fat trousers, a green tie was tied on her chest, her face was white and blue, her eyes were big, her nose was high, and her lips were thin. He stopped talking, and silently returned to his seat.

The national representatives, the parliamentarians, protested against Qiu Jin for interfering with the legislative work of the parliament and tried to make their protests heard, but the parliamentarians were violently pushed aside and had no chance to speak.

In the noisy noise, Lin Chaonan, the national ghostwriter of the Guangdong Council, couldn't bear it anymore, stood up, hit the ground with the head of his cane, coughed twice, and shouted at Qiu Jin: "Get out!" According to rule 8 of the rules of procedure, visitors are prohibited from interfering with the legislative work of the council, and article 9, visitors are prohibited from entering the council's premises. ”

Lin Chaonan loudly demanded that Zhong Shengguo, the speaker of the Guangzhou Municipal Council, immediately send the military and police who maintain order in the Council to enforce these two regulations and drive Qiu Jin away. But at this time, Shengguo was stunned when he saw Qiu Jin's women's army with a pistol hanging on his waist, and watched Qiu Jin's women's army occupy the venue. The policeman next to him didn't dare to move at all.

At this time, Feng Heqing, the vice chairman of the council who was about fifty years old, dressed in a robe, stood up and angrily rattled the bell to announce "immediate adjournment."

Qiu Jin thought that Feng Heqing was going to adjourn the meeting and let the police drive them away, so she stood in the middle of the venue, climbed onto a conference table, raised her fists, and shouted: "Sisters, beat these lawbreakers!" (To be continued......)