Chapter XVII: The Pahlavi Dynasty
Serov said in his heart that Lao Tzu is also a Soviet, and in terms of the behavior of the Soviet Union towards Iran, everyone is hostile to you, okay? It is generally believed that the Berlin crisis was the first face-to-face confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War, but in fact it was only the most influential first, and the contest between the United States and the Soviet Union had already begun. At the end of the war, the Russian Empire was in ruins.
Britain seized the opportunity to monopolize Iran and used Iran as a springboard to intervene in the Russian civil war and occupy Baku and other important towns. The Soviets, for their part, counterattacked by stationing troops in northern Iran and exporting revolution. In 1942, the Triple Alliance Treaty between Britain, the Soviet Union, and Iran brought American power into Iran in a big way.
Germany surrendered, and World War II ended in Europe. The Iranian government sent a note to Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union demanding that they withdraw their troops from Iran.
In order to make a good impression on Iran, Britain and the United States promised to withdraw from Iran within a specified period of time. And the Soviet note to Iran simply ignored it. After Japan's surrender, the Soviet Union saw that it could not withdraw, so it began to lead the "Azerbaijani crisis" that divided Iran. On December 12, the "Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan" was established, and three days later, the "Kurdish People's Republic" was established in Western Azerbaijan. The Soviets used trucks to distribute weapons to the insurgents, and Iranian government forces sent 1,500 troops to restore order, but they were stopped by Soviet forces just 18 miles out of Tehran.
Iran then asked Britain and the United States for help. At that time, the United States already had nuclear weapons, and it was full of confidence when it spoke. During the meeting of the foreign ministers of the five countries in London from September to October 1945, US Secretary of State Berners repeatedly displayed the atomic bomb, but to no avail, so he went to Moscow and told Stalin that Iran might have to file a complaint with the United Nations.
The Soviet Union's desire to establish a sphere of influence in Iran angered US President Harry S. Truman, who had just come to power. He gave a letter of his own: "I think we should protest against the Russians' plans in Iran in all the tough ways we can." Unless the Russians run into an iron fist and tough protests, another big war could happen. "Truman's speech, the smell of the Cold War is getting stronger and stronger.
Subsequently, the United States encouraged Iran to "theorize" with the Soviet Union in the United Nations. On January 19, 1946, just after the first meeting of the United Nations Security Council, the Iranians sued the Soviet Union for interfering in Iran's internal affairs and demanded that the Soviet Union withdraw its troops from Iran by March 2.
Although the Soviets told the Americans that they were not afraid of Iran making trouble in the Security Council, the problem really came, and international public opinion condemned it, and they could not bear to lose face. So to put it bluntly, the Soviet Union asked Iranian Prime Minister Khawam to bring a delegation to Moscow for negotiations. On 18 February, Qawam arrived in Moscow, but the Soviets refused to withdraw their troops from Iran as scheduled and again demanded oil exploration rights in northern Iran.
The deadline had passed, and Soviet troops were only partially withdrawn from Iranian territory. At this time, the United States and the Soviet Union, which had no strategic foundation, had long planned to part ways. The United States just happened to want to use this opportunity to win over Iran. The United States began to openly criticize the Soviet Union's actions in Iran, threatening to "use force" to defend the UN Charter. Truman was even more desperate, summoning the Soviet ambassador at the White House and warning that the United States would use atomic bombs against the Soviet Union if the Soviet troops did not withdraw from Iran immediately.
Under the pressure of world public opinion, all Soviet troops withdrew from Iran. Subsequently, Iranian government troops marched into the north, and the "Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan" and the "Kurdish People's Republic" soon collapsed. The Iranian crisis thus ended. But by this time US-Soviet relations had deteriorated to the extreme.
"What a headache!" Serov smiled bitterly, "It stands to reason that Pahlavi once took in a large number of Cossack cavalry and had a full understanding of our Soviet Union, but it is too late to say anything, although the power of the British Empire, the head of colonialism, is declining, but the power of the Americans is growing substantially, and as long as the Iranians open the map, they will not be indifferent to the huge Soviet Union on the map, fear will make them instinctively hostile to us!" ”
"Yuri, what do you think now? What's the solution! Work on Iran is a top priority in the south of the Motherland! "Semichasny also wants to see Serov's ability, after all, Shelepin's ability to remember this person is worthy of Semychasny's attention, and this questioning also has a bit of an investigation.
Serov is also thinking of a way, Iran during the Pahlavi period should be said to be very Westernized, probably because Pahlavi's father was a Cossack, Pahlavi is very uninterested in Islam, it stands to reason that the excluded Islamic forces should be the first object of use by the Soviet Union, but this point was vetoed by Serov at the beginning, this kind of behavior that will burn if you don't play well, Serov thought about it and stayed away.
"Normally, we should support the Islamist forces in order to give Pahlavi the most trouble, but I would advise against that!" Serov thought for a while and said, "Although the Iranians are a little troublesome, they are not strong in their own right, and they only rely on the assistance of the Americans!" At this stage, we can't have good relations with the Arabs and the Persians at the same time, so we can only choose between them, the Arabs are more easily divided, Iran is different, the religion is general, ninety percent of the people in the country are Shia Muslims, the Persian population also occupies the absolute advantage of Iran, even if we really succeed in establishing a socialist state, I am afraid that it will be Titoized like Yugoslavia......"
"So, it's a tough problem to solve!" In fact, Semychasny did not expect Serov to solve this problem, but just wanted to see Serov's opinion, which now seems to be just decent.
Pahlavi reminds Serov of a person, that is, at this time, Lao Chiang, who had killed 100 million enemies and turned into victories and marched to defend democracy on the treasure island, was also supported by Americans and had the same lofty dreams, but Lao Chiang was obviously not as strong as Pahlavi, a feudal monarch, although Pahlavi hoped that his dynasty would never be overthrown, but he also popularized education on a large scale.
The Shiite power is uncontrollable and must not add fuel to the fire, so it can only be done in the opposite direction, "Comrade Semychasny, the stubborn religious forces are the biggest enemy of a country, if there were no problems with religion, then Comrade Stalin would not have studied theology for so many years, but resolutely devoted himself to the revolution, so our infiltration targets should be the major mullahs throughout Iran, and the support should not be too strong, I think it can be called a defensive attack!" ”
"Defensive Attack!" Shemichasny smiled and asked, "You mean that our excluded personnel are focused on religious forces?" But instead of giving too much support, and using Pahlavi to purge religious forces in turn? ”
"Pahlavi doesn't have the ability to do this!" Serov immediately denied Semychasny's words, if Pahlavi was really Darius, he would not be overthrown and end up in exile, "If Pahlavi's army is really loyal to him, it can fight with those mullahs, and Iran in internal friction will not be a problem for the Soviet Union!" ”
"Then it shouldn't be a problem to call in the Azerbaijanis in the army to enter Iran!" Semichasny said confidently.
Serov nodded, but he made up his mind that he would never send Azerbaijanis into Iran, preferring to find Armenians or Georgians, so that he would have some immunity to those mullahs, and when the province returned, it would become a factor of instability.