Chapter 6: The Fall of Russia
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St. Petersburg, Russia's "Window to Europe" founded by Peter the Great in 1703, is also the capital of the Bolsheviks. At the same time, it is also an important port on the Baltic Sea. In addition to sending submarines to blockade the Baltic Sea, Germany also mobilized 32 infantry divisions and 1 cavalry brigade from the Western Front, equipped with 6,000 artillery pieces and 4,500 mortars, to launch a fierce offensive against St. Petersburg.
Kaiser Wilhelm II declared to European and American newspapers that "Germany will occupy St. Petersburg by September 1, 1910, wipe the city off the face of the earth, kill its inhabitants, and destroy the cradle of the Bolshevik Revolution." Wilhelm II also announced that he would go to St. Petersburg's Hermitage Square for a grand military parade.
Schlieffen, the chief of the German General Staff, agreed with Wilhelm II, and he was also interested in the capture of St. Petersburg, which would allow the Germans to gain control of the entire Baltic Sea and join up with the German army in Finland. In addition, iron ore sands from neutral Sweden can also be supplied to Germany unimpeded. Schlieffen said to Hindenburg and other German generals on the Eastern Front: "St. Petersburg should be occupied by the German army, and the destruction and occupation of this city can not only achieve huge strategic benefits, let Germany severely crucify the 'window of Europe' opened by Peter the Great, and turn the Baltic Sea into a German inland sea, but also completely disintegrate the enemy's will to resist by occupying the cradle of Bolshevism, destroy their morale, and completely erase the Bolsheviks, the specter of Europe, from the face of the earth." ”
After Germany declared the peace agreement with Soviet Russia null and void, the German army that Hindenburg was about to attack St. Petersburg was organized into three army groups, the northern, the central and the southern, totaling 500,000 men. The task of Army Group North was to destroy the Bolshevik forces on the Baltic coast from East Prussia, and then to coordinate with the German forces stationed in Finland.
The Soviet army was tasked with the defense of St. Petersburg by the last 17 infantry divisions of the Soviets, 9 cavalry brigades, with a total of 300,000 men. by the Chairman of the St. Petersburg Soviet, Grigory. Zinoviev commanded.
The Soviets were forced to retreat into the hinterland under the pressure of the superior German forces, and on July 1, 1910, the Germans launched an offensive from the area of the Velikaya River to St. Petersburg. Lenin considered a possible German assault on St. Petersburg. The defensive strip between the Gulf of Finland and Lake Ilmen was transferred to the Bolshevik Northern Front, and a part of its forces was transferred to defend the city from the south.
But. Before the German Army Group "North" attacked St. Petersburg, it still had an absolute advantage over the Soviet North-Western Front: 2.4 times more infantry, 4 times more artillery, 4.8 times more mortars, and 50 tanks purchased from China.
The Germans attacked from Königsberg in East Prussia in the general direction of Daugavpils-Puskov-St. Petersburg. The Germans were valiant, single-handedly advancing 320 kilometers in four days, and their 8th Infantry Division was the first to reach outside the city of Daugavpils.
The division commander, Brandt, asked the German soldiers to use the captured three Bolshevik cars, disguised as retreating Soviet wounded soldiers, to come to the Soviet troops guarding the bridge. Wounded soldiers in Germany spoke fluent Russian. Concealing the sea, the two bridges over the West Dvina River were completely captured, allowing the main force of the German Army Group North to successfully cross the wide West Dvina River and capture the city of Daugavpils.
The loss of Daugavpils completely exposed the Bolshevik Pskov-St. Petersburg front to the Germans due to the loss of its natural barrier. Lenin could not contain his anger and ordered the Soviet soldiers not to retreat.
"Boom!"
"Boom!"
After a burst of shelling, the Germans continued to rush towards the Soviets like a tide, and the Soviets, who were in a passive position, not only did not have the strength to fight back, but also did not even have the ability to parry, and the Germans continued to go deeper. It quickly broke through the Soviet defense line on the Latvian-Russian border, and then occupied Pskov, which the Soviets had abandoned, and opened the door to St. Petersburg.
The northern side of St. Petersburg. The Germans also launched a fierce offensive against the Soviet troops. St. Petersburg was already in the middle of a north-south attack by the German army.
Enraged, Lenin called Zinoviev and asked: "How did Pskov lose it?" Where are you going to retreat? Evacuate to the Arctic Ocean? ”
Zinoviev suffered a defeat, but he had no other choice but to say: "Comrade Lenin, I am well aware of my duties, and I will spare no effort to fulfill the instructions given to me by the Bolshevik Party and the people." ”
Lenin urgently mobilized millions of St. Petersburg residents and worked day and night to build three lines of defense around St. Petersburg, the outermost of which was centered on the city of Luga and south from Shimsk on the western shore of Lake Ilmen. Spread along the Luga River and reach the Luga River estuary in the north to Kingisepp. The Luga Line, which is about 300 kilometers long, on which two infantry divisions and three militia divisions are deployed.
But at this time. When the Germans got the news that they were going to "kill all the inhabitants here", the people of St. Petersburg were panicked, and many people fled before the German attack. Lenin had difficulty conscripting three militia divisions, and many children under the age of 14 were driven into battle by the Bolsheviks, forming "boy scouts".
The German front-line commander, General Greenland, refused to fire at the boy scouts and stopped the assault on St. Petersburg, reporting the Bolsheviks' crime of organizing children to the front to the UN agencies.
The Chief of the General Staff of the German Army, Schlieffen, was furious and personally called the noble German General Greenland to reprimand: "His Majesty the Emperor and I, give you the opportunity and glory to occupy the capital of the Bolsheviks, but you stop your pace in front of a line of defense temporarily organized by the Russian people, this is simply a disgrace to yourself, you have disappointed me too much!" ”
Schlieffen ordered the Germans to take St. Petersburg at all costs. Schlieffen sent a telegram to the German generals: "As for the aftermath of St. Petersburg, we must not be merciful, and we must make every Russian tremble!" We need to trample under our feet the meaningless laws of the old world, the Judeo-Christian traditions of the old world. We don't need Russia, we don't need either hostile Russia or friendly Russia, we just need a land of the East. So we will never accept the surrender of either St. Petersburg or Moscow. You must turn them to nothing, to dust, to disappear from the face of the earth! ”
The German General Greenland refused to accept this order, and he resigned on his own initiative. President Song Xiaofei, who received the news, proposed that the UN Security Council convene an emergency conference call overnight. China, Britain, France, the United States, and Germany unanimously voted to adopt a resolution condemning the shameless act of the Bolsheviks in driving children into the battlefield, and to express the strongest condemnation of the poisoning of children by Bolshevism! China, Britain, France, and the United States also urged Germany not to kill Boy Scout captives and to immediately demobilize them.
Schlieffen personally commanded the German Army Group North, which quickly broke through to the banks of the Luga River, cut off the line of communication between St. Petersburg and Moscow, and broke through the defensive line from the lower reaches of the Luga River to attack St. Petersburg via Ghatt; The Western Assault Army attacked Luga from the middle reaches of the Luga River and then attacked St. Petersburg along the Luga-St. Petersburg road; The 3rd Infantry Division and the 6th Infantry Division formed the Southern Assault Group, broke through the defensive line from the upper Luga River, and then turned northeast to attack Chudovo, cut off the railway line from St. Petersburg to Moscow, and encircled St. Petersburg from the east.
The Germans advanced every day. On August 21, the German army of the South Road reached the southern shore of Lake Ladoga in the east of St. Petersburg, occupied Schlüsselburg, cut off the last land communication line between St. Petersburg and the outside world, and surrounded St. Petersburg on three sides.
Commander-in-chief of the Bolshevik Army, Zinoviev
Knowing that there was no hope for St. Petersburg, he felt that he had no shame to see Lenin again, he deliberately ran to the front, was shot three times, and was killed by the Germans.
The bombardment of St. Petersburg also began in August, with 57,230 civilians killed and 205,070 injured in German shelling and bombardment. German air forces also flew nearly 30 sorties of airships to bomb St. Petersburg. The Germans also imposed a tight blockade on St. Petersburg. Schlieffen declared: "The aim of the German army was to encircle the city, raze it to the ground with artillery bombardment and continuous aerial bombardment, and then take over the city." The problem of the survival of the city's inhabitants and the supply of food for them cannot and should not be solved by us. In a war for survival, we don't want to keep even a single person from the population of such a large city. ”
This Great Siege culminated in an unprecedented famine in the St. Petersburg region, which killed up to 500,000 people. The Bolsheviks in St. Petersburg had to form a special division to prevent cannibalism in a cemetery in St. Petersburg, where 500,000 victims of the siege were buried.
Finally, before September, the Germans stormed the dying city of St. Petersburg, and Lenin, Bukharin and others were captured. They tried to escape, but it was too late.
At the same time, British, French, and American troops also landed from the north of the Soviets, and after fierce fighting, basically occupied Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and other places in northern Russia.
This time, the Bolsheviks were completely wiped out by the UN troops. The UN Security Council also adopted a resolution that Russia was divided into a number of independent states and occupied territories and completely destroyed. The leaders of the Bolsheviks, Lenin, Bukharin, Dzerzhinsky, etc., were arrested by the UN troops.
U.S. President William. Taft recommended that they be sent to an international tribunal for criminal trial. Song Xiaofei agreed to the U.S. proposal, taking into account the crimes of these people, such as the Cheka's purge, ordering the burning of Moscow, which killed tens of thousands of innocent civilians, and organizing children to participate in war. Germany, France, Britain and other countries have also agreed to put them on the trial of history.
Thus, an international tribunal composed of lawyers and judges from China, the United States, Great Britain, Germany, France and other countries was established in Vladivostok in the Far East of China to begin a historic trial of the leaders of the Bolsheviks for various crimes against humanity! (To be continued)