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After the squadron swept through Southeast Asia, the British government had to agree to return to the negotiating table, but on one condition, Germany had to declare the restoration of Belgium's pre-war autonomy and neutrality. The condition for the peace talks of the French ** team is that the German ** team unconditionally withdraws from France. This did not conflict with Germany's demand for the occupation of Luxembourg. Under the mediation of China and the United States, the Entente and the Allies decided to temporarily cease fire and wait for the results of the negotiations between the countries.

President Song Xiaofei and U.S. President William. Taft held talks in the Pacific Ocean on July 6 on the Chinese battleship "Republic". Proceeding from China's strategic interests in the world, Song Xiaofei put forward the idea of establishing a new international organization after a long period of planning, and he put forward a series of principles for international cooperation to maintain world peace and security on behalf of China, and the United States agreed, and they signed the document, which is called the "Pacific Charter." Song Xiaofei proposed that China, the United States, Britain, Germany, France and other countries establish a "United Nations" to deal with the Third International founded by Lenin in Moscow, because the Third International called for world revolution.

In fact, international organizations have been established in order to cooperate in specific matters. For example, in '65, the International Telegraph Union was founded, which was later renamed the International Telecommunication Union; The Universal Postal Union was founded in '74. In '99, the first international peace conference was held in The Hague, the Netherlands, at which the Convention on the Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes was adopted, and the Permanent Court of Arbitration was established in accordance with the Convention, and the Permanent Court of Arbitration began its work in '92. However, these institutions lack strong safeguards and are often mere formalities.

Song Xiaofei proposed the establishment of the United Nations. It also suggested that the United Nations establish a "United Nations Security Council," with China, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France as permanent members, and Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Italy, and other countries as members. It is the highest body of the United Nations and maintains world peace. Song Xiaofei proposed that the headquarters of the United Nations be located in Shanghai, and that heads of government be invited to Shanghai to discuss the details of the establishment of the United Nations, including the Charter of the United Nations. The U.S. government expressed support for China's proposal. The British, German, and French governments were alarmed by the formation of the Third International, and feared that the two superpowers, China and the United States, would join each other's camp, which would turn the neutral countries of Italy and Romania against each other. As a result, parliaments are also discussing the possibility of establishing a United Nations. This idea is still very bold in 9 years.

Moreover, Song Xiaofei's proposal has been widely supported by world public opinion. The peoples of Europe have suffered enormous casualties and suffering from the war, and they yearn for a lasting peace at an early date. The soldiers at the front had no interest in fighting again. The establishment of the United Nations, a common body for the maintenance of world peace, has become a common topic of general concern. In front of the London Opera House, 150,000 citizens braved the rain to demonstrate, chanting slogans: "Support the United Nations." We want peace. No war". The British government agreed to the creation of the United Nations, but British Prime Minister Lloyd's. George wanted the United Nations to remain British-dominated, agreeing only to China, Britain and France as permanent members of the UN Security Council, and wanted the UN to be headquartered in London. In Berlin, Germany, 100,000 citizens took to the streets, shouting slogans: "Support the United Nations, we want bread, not war." The French were already 4% occupied by Germany by this time. The cabinet of the government that did not support the UN collapsed, and the new French Prime Minister Clemenceau. Nicknamed "Tiger", he supports the United Nations.

In order to promote the establishment of the United Nations, Song Xiaofei issued a statement that all the details of the United Nations could be discussed, but they had to go to Shanghai to negotiate. The Americans, believing that London was currently at war and that German airships could bomb London at any time, proposed to establish the United Nations headquarters in San Francisco, USA. The Chinese believe that Moscow is closer to Moscow than San Francisco, and that the countries have a long way to negotiate in San Francisco or propose to hold the UN General Assembly in Shanghai, and China's biggest advantage is that it does not need to make a budget, and it can immediately prepare for the UN General Assembly, and the cost is all paid by the Chinese government. In the end, the governments of various countries agreed to convene the United Nations General Assembly in Shanghai to discuss the details of the establishment of the United Nations.

At the end of July, the President of the Chinese Empire, Song Xiaofei, and the British Prime Minister Lloyd. Georges, French Prime Minister Clemenceau, U.S. President William Murphy. Taft, German Chancellor Bernhard. Feng. Pilov, along with representatives of other countries, held talks at the International Hotel on the Bund in Shanghai to discuss the establishment of the United Nations and the drafting of the United Nations charter. Many delegates from various countries, including Brazil, Portugal, the Netherlands, Spain, Greece, Bulgaria, and Ottoman Turkey, all sent representatives to attend, but China, Britain, Germany, the United States, and France were the main leaders of the United Nations, and the territorial claims put forward by Greece, Ottoman Turkey, Bulgaria, and other countries were not included in the agenda of the meeting.

On the morning of the first day of the conference, a long line of cars carrying representatives from 26 countries drove to the Bund in Shanghai in the drizzle, and the crowds on both sides of the road were boiling. The first to get off the bus was the Chinese delegation, a total of 5 people, the largest number of delegations; This was followed by 25 representatives from the United Kingdom, 75 from Germany, 75 from France and 2 from the United States. People on both sides of the flanks threw flowers at the delegates to express their welcome. Six journalists from various countries also flocked to the venue. Tickets to attend the meeting as observers have long been distributed, and Shanghai's 10-mile ocean market is empty, and tens of thousands of people from all over the world are standing on the Bund in Shanghai. The opening ceremony ended quickly, and as the delegates walked out of the venue, the crowd cheered in unison "Peace! Peace! The slogan echoed over the Huangpu River for a long time.

The next day, according to the agenda of the meeting, Song Xiaofei made a keynote speech: "China is a peace-loving nation, and the people of all friendly countries have suffered greatly from the wars in European countries in the past three years. This world war is the first to undermine the peace and justice of all mankind, and all countries that respect faith and righteousness should put the interests of the people first. No politician, for any justification, can ignore the lives of the people. Moreover, the specter of the Russian Bolsheviks has roamed Europe and is killing humanity in order to uphold public international law, justice, human welfare, and world peace. The Chinese Government calls on the people of the world to unite to eradicate this scourge of humanity. for long-term prosperity and peace in the world. Today, our representatives stand in Shanghai. We are changing the history of the world, and today, we are history, we can let our children and grandchildren enjoy lasting peace in the world, and we believe that the sunshine of justice can shine on the world. ”

"Peace. We want peace", there were loud applause and shouts inside and outside the stadium, and the representatives of the countries promised that their governments would send troops to fight together against the Bolsheviks in Russia. This was quickly agreed. The four foreign ministers of Great Britain, Germany, France, and the United States spoke in turn, jointly expressing their desire to do their utmost to maintain world peace, their sincere hope for permanent peace, and their sincere attitude toward the establishment of an international security organization, which was well received by peace-loving people all over the world.

Next. Song Xiaofei proposed the establishment of a United Nations Security Council. As an international institution for the maintenance of world peace and security. Song Xiaofei put forward the idea of "five world policemen", that is, China, the United Kingdom, the United States, France, and Germany serve as permanent members of the United Nations Security Council to maintain international peace and security. Song Xiaofei once again solemnly stressed: "As long as these five military powers are united and determined to maintain peace, there will be no possibility of a world war." ”

With regard to the discussion of permanent membership, at the outset, Germany did not consider France eligible to participate in the permanent membership. Through the mediation of China and the United States, as well as the strong struggle of the "tiger" Clemenceau. France was finally promised a permanent seat on the Security Council.

When it comes to the voting rights of the permanent members of the Security Council, countries are also inconsistent.

British Prime Minister Lloyd's. George said: "Five permanent members. Of course, it is better to have one country, one vote, and the minority to obey the majority, so as to conform to the principle of democracy. ”

German Chancellor Bernhard. Feng. Pilov was worried that Britain and France united, plus the United States, it would be three votes, and whatever Germany wanted to do, it would not be able to do it, and Germany's desire to fight for more colonies would be frustrated, so he objected, "Britain and France are allied countries, so you become two votes, which is unfair to Germany." ”

Song Xiaofei saw that the atmosphere at the scene was not right, and mediated and said: "What do you think of this, the permanent members of the United Nations have a veto, that is, any country votes against it, and the resolution cannot be passed?" We have safeguarded the interests of the five major military powers to the greatest extent. ”

In this way, it is not harmful for all countries, and the prime ministers of various countries are also very face-saving when they go back, and German Chancellor Bernhard . Feng. Pilov agreed, and in the end, the heads of state of the five countries agreed that it would be decided, and that the permanent members of the Security Council would have one veto power.

Song Xiaofei further added that when peace may be threatened, the five "world policemen" have two ways to deal with it: one is that if the threat is caused by the revolution or expansion of a small country, the "five world police" can adopt the method of isolation, seal the borders of the countries concerned and impose an embargo. In the second case, if the threat is more serious, the five major military powers act as the "world policeman" and issue ultimatums to the countries in question; If this ultimatum is rejected, there will be an immediate shelling and possible military attack on the country, so that the world can remain generally stable and not endanger all of humanity as a result of a revolution like the Bolsheviks.

"Our five countries want to be the world's policemen and shoulder this heavy and glorious responsibility!" U.S. President William. Taft agrees with Song Xiaofei's idea of strengthening the power of sanctions, and believes that as the highest organ of the United Nations, the Security Council should not only have the power to block the embargo, but also have the right to control important military positions in some places. to prevent revolutions in some countries, such as Moscow and St. Petersburg.

Song Xiaofei once again advocated the destruction of Russia, because Tsar Nicholas II had already been shot, there was no need for such an evil state to exist, and the Slavs' greed for land was innate, once a unified state was established, coupled with the ignorance of Russia's economic backwardness and serf culture, it was easy to breed anarchism or Bolshevism.

Germany wanted Russia's vast territory, wanted to support Ukraine, Poland and other countries, and agreed. France, which held a grudge over the Bolsheviks' announcement that they would no longer repay the loans of the Tsarist government, also agreed. Britain and the United States also had no opinion, so they decided to send troops to Russia to destroy the Bolsheviks as soon as the United Nations General Assembly was over.

Later, the President of the United States, William Brown. Taft suggested that at a later date, the United Nations should add a Latin American country to its sixth permanent member, Brazil.

Brazil is the largest country in South America, with a total land area of more than 50,000 square kilometers. It declared independence on September 7, 22 and was originally economically and politically dependent on the United Kingdom. Pedro I ruled ** and forcibly dissolved parliament in 23. This was followed by the use of force to suppress republican uprisings in the northeastern provinces of Pernambuco. On May 5, 9, General Fonseca staged a coup d'état, overthrew the monarchy, and established the United States of Brazil. Under the slogan of "order and progress" and based on a presidential system, the new government has strengthened Brazil's modernization, and in addition to producing three-quarters of the world's coffee, it has also achieved good economic results. In 9 years, the Americas became the sphere of influence of the United States. Brazil and the United States are very close. "Brazil's population, size and resources make it a good reason to be a permanent member," Taft said. ”

It is a permanent member of the Security Council along with China, Germany, and the United States, which later emerged as industrial powers. Britain can barely accept it. On an equal footing with a former vassal state like Brazil, British Prime Minister Lloyd. George felt that this was a disgrace to the British Empire, and he disagreed, saying: "Once the box is breached, France will be added as the fifth permanent member." The United Nations Security Council will come under intense pressure. There will be calls from other countries for a further increase in the number of permanent seats. ”

China, France, and Germany have also unanimously agreed not to increase the number of permanent members in addition to France. The United States had no choice but to give up.

The first UN General Assembly held in Shanghai conformed to the surging public opinion of various countries and confirmed the temporary end of the war in Europe, with China, Britain, Germany, France, and the United States as the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, and the United Nations choosing Brazil, Italy, Austria-Hungary, and other countries as members. This is the main organ of the United Nations, whose main task is to maintain "world peace and stop acts of aggression". The 24th of each year is designated as United Nations Day, and the headquarters is set up in Shanghai. The General Assembly of the United Nations is hosted annually by the permanent members or the city in which the members are located.

The delegates also negotiated the Charter of the United Nations, fully expressing their determination to prevent mankind from suffering the scourge of war and the principle of non-use of force or threat of force in international relations. The General Assembly also decided that the United Nations flag should be light blue with a white United Nations emblem in the center. The olive branch symbolizes world peace and security, and the surrounding globe symbolizes the purpose of the United Nations and the preservation of unity. The motif consists of two crossed golden olive branches, a symbol of world peace. The "national coat of arms" also bears the abbreviation "UN" of the name of the United Nations. Blue and white are the official colors of the United Nations.

The United Nations has also determined the "national anthem", and the Chinese lyrics are determined as:

The sun and stars set the sky, and the earth sang majestically

Humanity sings of noble hope and praises the birth of a new world

The united countries are united and marching forward, and the banner of righteousness is unfurled

Hand in hand for the victory of the new world of freedom

Rise up to free my country from the oppression of the forces of darkness

The roar of the people was like thunder, as merciless as the flow of time

The sun inevitably greets the morning, and the rivers flow naturally into the ocean

A new century has dawned for mankind, and our children and grandchildren will be free and glorious

The discussion of "whether human rights are above sovereignty or sovereignty is above human rights" has also been fiercely debated among the permanent members of the UN Security Council.

At that time, France had many colonies in North Africa, and fearing that Germany would interfere under the pretext of human rights, French Prime Minister Clemenceau said: "The understanding and implementation of human rights in various countries are different, and this is an internal affair of a country, which should be resolved by the people of all countries themselves. ”

Song Xiaofei laughed and said to French Prime Minister Clemenceau, "What are human rights? Isn't that the basic right of the people? Including the right to life, freedom from fear, freedom of speech, historically, all totalitarian states have suppressed their people under the pretext of sovereignty over human rights, bullied the people, ignored international conventions, raped public opinion, and denied their basic rights as human beings. Without the human rights of the people, where can there be the sovereignty of the state? Aren't the people the masters of the country? Only when everyone lives and works in peace and contentment can we unite as one to safeguard the country's sovereignty. Sovereignty is higher than human rights, and it is just an excuse for some totalitarian dictators to brainwash and fool the people internally and wantonly rape the people in order to maintain their strong rule. ”

U.S. President William. Taft agreed with Song Xiaofei's point of view, saying: "All people are born free and equal, this is a basic human right, although it is not possible in this world for a while, but we hope that the world will develop in this direction, and the United States hopes that the United Nations Security Council can play a role in eliminating evil regimes." God will give us the obligation of the United States to intervene in the regimes of authoritarian monarchs or political strongmen who claim to represent the people, but who deprive the people of their basic rights, arrest the people at will, and convict the people without trial. ”

German Chancellor Bernhard. Feng. Pilov also agreed with Song Xiaofei's point of view, saying: "Isn't the reason why we want to interfere with the Bolsheviks in Russia is to liberate the Russian people from the bloody Chekas? Can the United Nations watch a country's dictator bloodily suppress his own people? So what is the use of the people who want the United Nations? Are we going to be an ornament in this Council? ”

However, Britain also feared that Germany would use human rights as an excuse to compete with Britain for colonies, and did not agree that human rights were higher than sovereignty. There was a lot of noise at the meeting. Song Xiaofei knew that if he continued to fight, there would be no result in this issue, so he said: "We won't discuss this issue for the time being." In any case, the five permanent members of the Security Council have a veto, and we will discuss specific matters when we encounter them. The most important thing at the moment was the complete elimination of the Bolsheviks in Russia. ”

As soon as Germany thought that Russia's 10 million square kilometers of land could be re-divided, they were very active, and the heads of other countries were very excited, for fear that their country would be divided, and they enthusiastically discussed the next military plan against Russia! (To be continued......)