Chapter 263: Lost East
The estrangement and mustard were so deep that they stood between the Song Emperor and Stalin's leaders like ice, and the Song Emperor did come with sincerity in the hope of containing the Soviet Union on China's side, but the arrogance and hostility hidden in Stalin's heart, as well as the unrealistic demand to continue to introduce more technology and equipment from China on the premise of not wanting to abide by the Sino-Soviet Armistice Treaty forever, made the Song Emperor feel helpless.
The two of them talked for a long time this day, including the exchange of national governance experience and policies, the discussion of the international world, and some negotiations on deepening trade and strengthening technical cooperation between the two countries, but unfortunately did not reach much consensus.
China is not the weak China of the past, and the Soviet Union is not the precarious Soviet Union when it was first founded, and both sides seem to have the strength to compete again, because China's strength is too strong, and there is also the threat of Nazi Germany, Stalin did not dare to tear up the "Sino-Soviet Armistice Treaty".
It was only through this contact that both sides realized that the estrangement could not really dissolve like a cold iceberg, and that if the Soviet Union did not let go of the hatred of being divided and away from East Asia, China would not be able to truly support the Soviet Union against Europe and Nazi Germany, and the relationship between the two sides would seem to be able to maintain the current state for a long time - to maintain peace and not obvious antagonism.
Now the countries that are at the forefront of the world's anti-Soviet front are the United States and Germany, the United States is behind the money and efforts, Germany rushes to the front, using this anti-Soviet policy to arm itself and expand Germany's interests, Britain once established diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, and eventually broke off diplomatic relations, the United States has not yet established diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, China is the only big country that has established diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, although the United States has repeatedly intervened in this matter, hoping that China will stop trade and diplomatic exchanges with the Soviet Union, but China itself has a huge strength that reads the power of Britain and the United States, and is not restricted by them.
Interestingly, the trade between the United States and the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union and Germany has been developing steadily, especially after the outbreak of the Great Depression, and because China and the Soviet Union have formally established diplomatic relations, they are also the only powerful countries that maintain a stable policy of establishing diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, and the scale of bilateral trade has been maintained in a state of stable development, but in this kind of trade, the Soviet Union is a serious deficit country, and the Soviet Union at the same time relies on exporting oil and resources to Europe in exchange for foreign exchange to make up for the trade deficit with China.
Obviously, the Song Emperor was the first to meet with Joseph. Stalin's meeting was not friendly and fruitless, the Soviet Union originally planned to take advantage of the special opportunity of the Song Emperor's personal visit to propose to China a plan to purchase some of the urgently needed technology and equipment, their idea was good, but it was basically ruined by the first meeting between the two leaders, but this cannot all be blamed on Joseph. Stalin.
Although the Soviets agreed to Emperor Song's plan for a surprise visit, the arrangements were still urgent and abrupt. Stalin was also a little surprised, not understanding the true intentions of the Song Emperor.
The international political environment of the Soviet Union at this time was not good, many people thought that the Cold War period was the most tense moment for the Soviet Union in the international world, but in fact it was not, before World War II, the Soviet Union encountered an international blockade that was even more severe, after World War II, the Soviet Union still formally established diplomatic relations with Britain and the United States and other countries, but before the end of the Great Depression in 1933, the Soviet Union and the major powers did not establish diplomatic relations, the two sides did not recognize each other, and it was a strong confrontation and hostility, and anti-Soviet was the mainstream policy of the entire international world.
After the first meeting between the two leaders was not successful and harmonious, the Chinese and Soviet diplomats did not end the dialogue, and still had to work hard for subsequent negotiations and meetings, and the Soviet Union had both arrogance and many special respectful arrangements, such as arranging Song Biao's accommodation in the Grand Kremlin, which was once the Tsar's palace, which was still unprecedented.
Given that the first meeting was not friendly, Joseph. Stalin was also more worried about the impact on the entire Sino-Soviet relations, and if China also became hostile to the Soviet Union because of this, the pressure on the Soviet Union would be too great, so he decided to personally preside over the state banquet and welcome ceremony for Emperor Song and the Chinese delegation in the evening.
After the state banquet, Song Biao returned to the dormitory to negotiate secretly with Lu Zhengxiang and others, and explored the true intentions of the other party. Stalin was also discussing the matter with Kalinin and others.
Fortunately, Song Biao's visit to the Soviet Union lasted for a week, and the two sides still had a lot of room for maneuver; the second time, Song Biao went to visit the Moscow Arsenal during the itinerary arranged in advance, and then visited the Soviet Red Army and the Soviet Central Military Academy.
It can be said that the Imperial Army mainly studied from Germany and Russia, while the Soviet Red Army also learned from China and Germany, especially in the study of China's military system, after all, it was beaten badly by the Chinese Army and Air Force back then.
Like China, the highest military academy in the Soviet Union was named the Central Military Academy, and its predecessor was the Military Staff College of Tsarist Russia.
According to this ins and outs, Song Biao can also be regarded as a representative of the graduation of the Central Military Academy of the Soviet Union.
At the same time, Lu Zhengxiang and Kalinin met again, as a more moderate diplomat, the conversation between the two sides was more realistic, the Soviet Union formally proposed to buy from China high-purity fuel wax and sulfur removal process equipment, as well as coal ammonia, electrolytic aluminum equipment and some heavy machine tools, gantry machine tools and electric railway technology, etc., a lot of demand, and willing to buy at a high price.
Lu Zhengxiang was very nervous to submit the minutes of the meeting to Song Biao, but Song Biao was very sincere in approving all of them, but asked the Ministry of International Trade to continue to raise the price in terms of price and number of transactions.
Of course, Song Biao was sincere, if the Soviet Union was forced to form an alliance, the Soviet Union could still obtain these technologies from Germany, and even as long as the Soviet Union was willing to offer a sufficient price, it could also obtain these technologies and equipment from the United States, Britain, France, and other countries, even if it was inferior to China in some fields.
China is not a world leader in these areas, but it is definitely the most comprehensive industrial power in the world, and it can sign a package of deals with the Soviet Union at a time.
This is the largest bargaining capital of the Empire.
At this time, Joseph. General Secretary Stalin also seemed to feel the great goodwill and sincerity of His Majesty the Chinese Emperor, and personally visited the Chinese Emperor in the Grand Kremlin that afternoon, hoping to have a private secret meeting.
After confirming General Secretary Stalin's intention, Song Biao did not object and invited Stalin to have afternoon tea in the garden corridor of the Great Kremlin.
There is no friendship between the two of them, and deep down they probably hate each other, but the interests of each other's countries require them to sit down and talk as friends.
The Soviet Union still imported tea, coffee, tobacco, and especially tobacco from the Reich.
On the occasion of Song Biao's visit to the Soviet Union, he gave Stalin a box of special Yuxi tobacco, and the two sat in the corridor, Song Biao smoked a cigar with his surname, while Stalin lit his black pipe, and the two continued to have an in-depth discussion on the Great Depression of the world economy.
Stalin's view has always been that this time the Great Depression of the world economy is the inevitable result of capitalism, and Song Biao did not rush to express his opinion, but always listened to Stalin's point of view. Stalin also hoped that the leaders of the capitalist countries would listen to the voice of the Soviet Union, listen to his voice, speak very carefully and seriously, stop from time to time to look at Song Biao's expression and attitude, and seem to attach great importance to Song Biao's feedback.
Song Biao listened so carefully, thinking dialectically about Stalin's one-sided words.
When Stalin had expressed his views in great detail, Song Biao dusted off the ashes on his cigar, crossed his legs very leisurely, leaned on the back of the soft sofa, and placed a glass of cold vodka on the armrest of the sofa.
After the October Revolution, in the process of nationalization of the famous Baoshi Vodka Distillery in Russia, the original family members left Russia and chose to re-establish the distillery in Jiamusi, which led to the establishment of the Baoshi Vodka Distillery in China.
However, the vodka in Song Biao's hand was a malt vodka produced by the Moscow State Distillery of the Soviet Union.
Song Biao touched the transparent wine glass from time to time, touched the zero temperature inside with his fingertips, and pondered some interesting thoughts in his heart.
After a long silence, he took a sip of his wine glass, and then said to Stalin: "We have organized many experts to conduct a systematic investigation and analysis of this crisis, and the current mainstream view is that the source of this world economic crisis is the gold standard and the currency overrun during the First World War. When the money supply exceeds the needs of the world economy, economic and investment bubbles will inevitably emerge, and only with bubbles will there be economic crises. The source of this economic bubble is the limitation of the gold standard, because only a very small number of large countries can maintain suitable gold reserves, and other countries can only absorb the currencies of large countries as foreign exchange reserves, which has led to a surge in the amount of non-circulating currencies and increased the risk of a run on the currencies of large countries. Therefore, we do not think it is realistic to simply blame it as an inevitable tendency of capitalism. Feudalism has developed from scratch for thousands of years, and its system has been gradually perfected in the history of continuous development, and the same is true of capitalism, which is still very naïve and still in a teenage period, and it is always inevitable to make mistakes, because only by making mistakes can we grow up and gradually absorb education, just as China has strengthened financial supervision and control by a greater margin in this crisis, and adopted macroeconomic regulation and control measures. ”
Stalin said: "Such a judgment is too simplistic and crude, and the essence of the problem is capitalist exploitation and capitalist greed." ”
Song Biao said: "There is an idiom in China called "Waste food due to choking", which says that in ancient times, there was a person who gave up eating because he was afraid of choking, and people would get sick if they ate whole grains, but if they didn't eat food because they were afraid of getting sick, they would starve to death faster. No matter what kind of state system the Soviet Union imposes, your currency is still on the gold standard, as long as it is the gold standard, it will inevitably be constrained by this, in other words, if the Soviet Union does not implement the gold standard, Sino-Soviet trade will not be possible. Obviously, if you use your theory to explain, the gold standard is essentially the exploitation of countries between countries, and the goal of our trade with the Soviet Union is not to help the Soviet Union develop, not for its own development, but to exploit you, which is tantamount to completely erasing the friendship between China and the Soviet Union, in fact, China actually does not lack the Soviet Union as a trade market, in China's annual trade surplus, the Soviet Union only accounts for 5%, and is the market with the largest proportion of foreign high-tech equipment exports, if you decide not to let us exploit, We will fully accept this decision. The reason why I emphasize this point is precisely because all the media and newspapers of the Soviet Union have explained this in this way, and have positioned international trade between our country and the Soviet Union as an act of imperialist hegemony, and if we risk bad relations with Britain and the United States, trade with the Soviet Union is an imperialist hegemony, why should we be so insane, and do we need to exchange such goodwill material and technical exchanges for your evil words and ridicule? ”
At this moment, Stalin did not have enough cards to compete with Song Biao, so he could only relent: "This is a mistake we made in our work, and the Soviet Union will definitely correct it." ”
Song Biao waved his hand helplessly and said: "We hope that China and the Soviet Union will develop in the direction of stability and equality, and we also have great sincerity, and we have made a lot of efforts, and even do not hesitate to have serious differences with Britain and the United States on this issue. Our research and understanding of the Soviet Union is very in-depth, and there are some things that I don't think you should overdo too much. Did the Soviet Union deliberately [***] propaganda, we know, you know very well, in the "Sino-Soviet Armistice Treaty", we agreed that the Soviet Union should not send spies to China and its protected areas to engage in [***] work, have you done this, how many people are sent to our country every year, how much money is supported, we are clear, you know better. General Secretary Stalin, I have a hard word to say, what qualifications do you have to export institutional ideas to us? How much grain can you workers eat each year, and how much can we eat? What is the standard of living of your peasants, what is the standard of living of our peasants? You are exterminating the kulaks, and we are supporting the peasants of the whole country to become kulaks, and you know which one is more obvious, and we know better. You always say that the system is superior to us, what is the superiority? ”
"You said that the grain output of the Soviet Union has grown rapidly in the past five years, and the average grain output per mu has reached the world's first level of 1,400 kilograms, but in the end, is there really such an increase, or are you collecting more grain from the peasants in order to use this standard, I think you know better than us that the total annual expenditure of agricultural research funds by the state, society, and enterprise institutions in our country is as high as 200 million yuan, and our agricultural technology is much ahead of yoursLast year, the average yield of agricultural grain per mu in the South Siberian Plain was 345 kilograms, which is only a fraction of the average yield of the whole Soviet Union, 1.45 billion acres of land, with a total output of 500 billion kilograms of grain. ”
Song Biao also complained, saying that Stalin's face was ugly, but he didn't care, and continued to conclude: "I am a soldier from a peasant background, and I became an emperor from a military background, so I know very well about farming, and I know better than you what the situation of rich peasants is." We Chinese have an old saying called 'get up early and be a rich peasant', hard work can make you rich. Judging from the per capita living standards, there is still a certain gap between the Soviet Union and us, and the average monthly income of our workers is about 25 yuan, and the total price of 30 catties of rice, 2 catties of soybean oil, 10 catties of meat, 30 eggs, 500 grams of milk powder, and 30 catties of vegetables does not add up to 5 cents. The Soviet Union always said that its system was the best in the world and that everyone was rich, and the same is true of your propaganda to the international community. Therefore, we do not settle accounts with you on many things, but it does not mean that we approve of your actions, in fact, some of your actions seem to be very low-level, and you really underestimate the level of our intelligence and national security agencies. You always say that the rise and fall of the international workers' movement proves your greatness and correctness, but you know better than anyone how much money you have to spend each year to carry out these things, and how many peasants in the country are starving to death, and I don't bother to settle this account with you. ”
After hearing this, Stalin's face became even more embarrassed, he didn't know where a lot of China's intelligence came from, but he really didn't want to argue with Song Biao here, it would only make him more cruel.
Song Biao also sighed and added: "China is very sincere in maintaining friendship and peace with the Soviet Union, even if you have done so many unpeaceful things over the years, we will endure it again and again." I am going to visit the Soviet Union this time in the hope of finding an opportunity to clarify the matter with you. If you really offend a well-intentioned country like us that is willing to cooperate with you, I think the final outcome will be more serious than you can imagine. Cooperation is a good thing, we are willing to work hard for it, but I am not here to threaten the Soviet Union, my patience is limited, and if I continue to find out that all the mess in the country is related to the Soviet Union, I will not care how much cooperation you have, how much value you have. When the Sino-Soviet Armistice Treaty was signed, Mr. Lenin and I made it very clear that this treaty is actually the greatest guarantee for the permanent peace between the two sides, and on the surface the Soviet Union suffers losses, but under the premise that China is strong, the Soviet Union really cannot own the territory of northern China, otherwise sooner or later there will still be a tragic world war, and it will definitely be more terrifying than the previous Sino-Soviet war, and neither of us wants to see this scene, so we must cherish the current peace even more, in order to ensure such a peace, We not only recognized the territorial rights of the Soviet Union to the Kazakh region, but also acquiesced in the Soviet Union's expansionism and sprawlism to Eastern Europe. ”
If it is the leader of another country, in the face of a behemoth like the Chinese Empire and a powerful figure like the Song Emperor, he can fool this matter by bowing his head and saying, "What you said is very correct". Stalin was not such a person, and no Russian commander-in-chief could be such a person.
Since the words have been said to such a direct and unpleasant point, Joseph. Stalin also reminded him directly: "Your Excellency, other territorial concessions are acceptable, but for the South Siberian Plain, this is something that we can never accept." If we want real and permanent peace, then we should return this region to us. ”
Song Biao asked very seriously, "Are you sure this is your territory?" How many years have you occupied here? How many years did the Brisians and Tatars occupy it, how many years did the Huns occupy it, and how many years did it occupy it during the time of the Mongol Golden Horde? And what about the Soviet Union's occupation of Ukraine and Kazakhstan? ”
Stalin did not know how to answer for a moment.
Song Biao persuaded again: "I think it's better to end here, China has a very serious population crisis, during the Sino-Soviet war, our total population was 450 million, twelve years have passed, China's total population exported to Southeast Asia and other regions exceeded 40 million, even so, the total domestic population has increased to 470 million." In the plan of the central government of our country, the South Siberian Plain, the Tangnu-Ulianghai and Baikal regions will add 20 million new immigrants in the next five years, and the total population of this region will also exceed 60 million, which is more than one France. In such a situation, what could the USSR do to recapture these territories? It is shameful to divide the territory of other countries, but in the face of the existential crisis of a nation, we have no choice, this is not greed, but there is no way and room for maneuver, if the Soviet Union must take it back, we can only say that it is very welcome, I say a very cruel word here, we don't want to provoke a war now, because China's traditional philosophy and social values have always been against taking the initiative to provoke a war, but we actually welcome other countries, especially big countries to provoke wars, so let's ask for the surname to consume the population together, You die 30 million, I die 30 million, how many people do you have left, I don't know, I just know that we still have 440 million people left. ”
Speaking of this, Song Biao even said with dissatisfaction: "To say a cruel but very helpless word, for the long-term survival and development of this nation, we can't wait to find a country with the same population to fight a 20-year war and fight each other's 200 million people." If there is too much population, there will definitely be civil strife to a certain extent, or the whole country will be slaughtered in one fell swoop. ”
Stalin belonged to the kind of arrogant and ruthless people, extremely powerful, and also very short-tempered, lacking patience and impatience.
In fact, he himself understood that for the Soviet Union, a large-scale war with China on land was a very terrifying thing, because China has too many people, a vast territory, rich resources, and strong industrial strength, and it can completely launch tens of millions of troops to sweep everything, and after consuming tens of millions of troops, tens of millions of troops can be formed.
The USSR could not stand it, at least for twenty years now.
At this moment, Stalin had become more and more aware that it was impossible for the Soviet Union to recover the South Siberian Plain, that there was little chance, and that as long as China transferred 60 million people to this region, the Soviet Union would not be able to regain it.
Such a direct conversation made Stalin very painful, but he knew that he could only accept this cruel fact, in any case, the Soviet Union could be regarded as a gain and a loss, as long as it maintained good relations with China in the East, it could deal with the European world with all its might, but Stalin did not think that China would really maintain good relations for a long time, capitalist hostility and class struggle against [***] would never disappear, as long as the opportunity was right, China, the emerging capitalist empire, would also try to eliminate the [***] Soviet Union.
Song Biao, of course, understood Stalin's guilt, and frankly speaking, he himself could not answer this question, the class struggle is a battle of life and death, and as long as the Soviet Union does not perish, different political ideas and thinking logic will inevitably produce new wars.
Although it was very difficult, Song Biao still hoped to promote the principle of friendly and peaceful coexistence between China and the Soviet Union as much as possible.
He continued to persuade Stalin: "The Chinese have an old saying, called 'lose the east, harvest the mulberry', everything is lost, there must be gain, I think the South Siberian Plain is better to end here, if the Soviet Union must emphasize this matter, chatter at home, let the nationalists and nationalists hold this right to speak for a long time, and finally lead to passivity can only be the supreme head." Looking at the problem from another angle, I think it is more rewarding to lose the South Siberian Plain, but retain the right to occupy Kazakhstan, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe, and to a large extent completely avoid the conflict of interest with China, avoid the possibility of war, and make the Soviet Union more clearly a European country. The situation is worse than people, and some things are better to downplay, and too much consideration will outweigh the gains. ”
Stalin was silent for a long time, and finally replied to Song Biao: "This question will be left to future history, but I believe that sooner or later it will have a fairer result." ”
Hearing such words, Song Biao could only say that he was very sorry.
Because of the completely different thinking logic and political ideology, it is very difficult for China and the Soviet Union to have in-depth dialogue and exchanges, and this has also been very obvious and intense in the past few days, but one thing is certain, that is, neither China nor the Soviet Union wants another war, at least not in the past ten years.
Song Biao visited the Soviet Union for a week and approved the list of purchases proposed by the Soviet Union, and once upon a time, it was China's turn to export technology and industrial equipment to the Soviet Union, which was really a very peculiar thing, and it was enough to prove China's industrial level in the international world.
The two sides also continued to reach a new agreement on grain trade, with the Chinese government secretly "donating" 6 million tons of grain to the Soviet Union every year, and the Soviet Union used the development needs of the food industry as the "basis" to buy grain and other non-staple food products from China in the form of barter every year, and the two sides did not disclose the specific amount of the transaction.
On this basis, China and the Soviet Union reached a new six-point peace principle, the first of which was that the Soviet Union promised to stop all contacts with the Chinese leftist political parties, stop all assistance, and not set up secret branches and organizations in China; The second is the cooperation between the two sides to reinterpret the question of the ownership of the South Siberian Plain, and correctly interpret this region as the territory annexed to the Siberian Khanate during the period of Tsarist Russia, and the traditional settlement of the Siberian Tatars and Bashkirs, and the Chinese side allowed the Soviet Union to relocate the Tatars and Bashkirs in the territory here, and renamed the South Siberian Province as the Siberian Autonomous Province.
It was obviously not the six million tons of grain that really made the Soviet Union back down, the empire gave the Soviet Union dozens of important technical assistance, and the ammonia synthesis process and electrolytic aluminum process, which had been banned for export for a long time, were also exported to the Soviet Union in the form of technology transfer agreements, which played a very important role in the Soviet Union's production of explosives and aluminum alloy aircraft.
Of course, with the current technological strength of the Reich, the Reich had the capital to make such concessions and rapprochements, and at a time when the development of nuclear weapons, ballistic missiles, and turbojet engines was going well, these technologies were transferable and shared with the Reich, and even if the Reich did not transfer, the Soviet Union would have the means to acquire technical equipment from Germany and the United States.
After his visit to the Soviet Union, Song Biao led a delegation of the Imperial Central Committee to Poland, where he also met with Artur, who served as vice chairman of the Military Council in Poland. General Martos.
Personal friendship is personal relationship.
Artur. General Martos was also the most famous general and military commander of Poland at this time, at least during the First World War, he had a heroic glory in ancient Greece, and he had a deep friendship with the Song Emperor and the entire Chinese Army, but he was a Polish after all, and he still broke his oath with the Song Emperor to return to the motherland to serve, and put all efforts into rebuilding a strong Polish Wehrmacht.
Based on this special relationship, although Song Biao did not allow the empire to establish a formal alliance with Poland, it still opened the door to convenient military exchanges between China and Poland, and appointed a military advisory group for Poland to train modern officers on a large scale.
Poland's army and air force armament were almost identical to those of the Empire, and in recent years they have also begun to fully replace the semi-automatic Hanyang rifle, which in Poland is called the Martos rifle.
Influenced by this, the Soviet Union, Germany, the United States, and the United Kingdom are all developing new semi-automatic rifles, and France, like Poland, directly introduced the Hanyang rifle and named it the Foch rifle.
As the world's first semi-automatic rifle in large-scale service, the sales of Hanyang rifles around the world are very smooth, only world-class military powers have world-class military foreign trade, and without the deterrence of SSKA, Hanyang rifles and Chinese weapons are unlikely to quickly spread to the entire international arms market.
Based on the special relationship between China and Poland, Song Biao visited Poland for three days before officially going to Berlin, Germany, to meet President Hindenburg and Adolf. Chancellor Hitler's meeting.
What an exciting great meeting, and within ten days of his meeting with Stalin, the Emperor Song was to meet with Hitler again, but at this very moment an unexpected event that would change the course of the entire course of world history inevitably occurred between Hitler and Dutch Indonesia, and the Emperor Song's circumnavigation of the world happened to put the central military headquarters of the empire in an embarrassing vacuum.
(To be continued)