Chapter 163: Military Reform
The headquarters of the gold unit was set up in Zhaojiabao, and there are currently Shandong Gold Brigade, California Gold Brigade, Liaodong Gold Brigade, and now the North Korean Gold Brigade.
There are a total of five gold brigades!
In terms of gold production, California is undoubtedly the highest, exporting 300,000 taels of gold to the mainland every year, and the volume is still increasing, followed by North Korea, according to the output of the Korean state when it was administered, there is about 150,000 taels of gold per year, and silver and copper are added together, and there are 4 million taels of precious metals worth silver every year.
Shandong's gold production is also good, since Zhao Yan controlled Shandong, immediately take Shandong's gold mines, except for a few gold and silver mines controlled by the imperial court, the rest of the black mines are caught by Zhao Yan, the annual gold output is about 80,000 taels, plus the output of silver and copper, the total value is more than 1.5 million taels.
There are still few gold mines in Liaodong, mainly because the territory currently controlled is not large, and the precious metals in Liaodong are still considerable, especially in the north and west, cold Siberia, in that vast forest, there are many precious metal deposits.
Next year, it is expected that the income from precious metals in various places alone will reach nearly 10 million taels of silver, although this figure seems to be a lot, but it is not even a fraction of the annual mining volume in the future, and there are still a large number of undiscovered gold and silver sources in the world.
Next year will even exceed that projection.
Millions of Koreans died, and now only half of them are left, Zhao Yan's reception of North Korea is very smooth, and the Koreans saw that the Manchu Qing was killed by the Shandong army, and they entered Zhao Yan's rule very well.
North Korea's 3,000 miles of rivers and mountains are all in the hands of Zhao Yan.
The development of the DPRK and Liaodong will also be launched in a timely manner. But at the same time, the offensive against Liaodong should also be launched next year.
It's just that the current military system does not allow Zhao Yan to do this, because his troops are very small, the professional army must be increased, and the establishment must also be changed.
The plan to reform the military system and expand the military force was quickly put on the table. The General Staff Department began to constantly discuss the reform of the system and what should be the appropriate way to change it.
In the end, according to the plan given by Zhao Yan, after slight modifications, it was set as a squad of ten people, three squads as a platoon, and three platoons as a company.
The three-tier system is used below the company level, and a company has 90 combatants, and is equipped with cooks, communicators, scouts, etc., which is combined into 100 people. Among them, there are six cooks, two communicators, and two investigators.
There are five types of company-level units: pike company, musket company, artillery company, cavalry company, and engineer company.
Units above the company level adopt the decimal system, and the five companies are one battalion.
The infantry battalion was six hundred and ten, with one pike, three muskets, and one artillery, plus a rocket platoon, a reconnaissance platoon, a cooking platoon, and a communications squad.
The cavalry battalion was 570 men and there was no rocket platoon. The artillery battalion has 570 people, and the same is 570 people in the rocket platoon and engineer battalion.
Five battalions for one regiment.
The infantry regiment consisted of an artillery battalion, a cavalry battalion, and three infantry battalions. A communications platoon, a reconnaissance company, a cooking company, an engineer company.
Three regiments were one brigade.
Each brigade had 13,830 men and three infantry regiments, plus a cavalry battalion and three engineer battalions.
Infantry company: 90 combatants, 6 semi-combatant cooks, 2 communicators, 2 scouts, a total of 100 people.
Infantry battalion: 90 pikemen, 270 musketeers, 90 artillerymen, 30 rocketeers, 40 scouts, 40 cooks, 20 communicators, a total of 610 people.
Infantry regiment: 270 pikemen, 810 musketeers, 500 cavalry, 770 artillerymen, 150 rocketeers, 300 scouts, 130 communicators, 300 cooks, 100 engineers, a total of 3,330 people.
Infantry brigade: 810 pikemen, 2430 musketeers, 2000 cavalry, 2310 artillerymen, 450 rocketeers, 1060 scouts, 590 communicators, 1060 cooks, 1800 engineers, a total of 12510 people.
The new military system is divided into two modes: joint operations and decentralized operations, but when the troops are fighting together, there are obviously too many scouts and too many communicators, so the scouts can be incorporated into the cavalry, and the number of cavalry can be increased to 3000 thousand people. Communicators at the company and battalion levels may also be incorporated into the arms of their units.
At the same time, 1,800 sappers can be converted into pikemen and musketeers at any time, depending on the situation.
When dispersing operations, scouts and communicators do not appear to be numerous, after all, each unit needs to have reconnaissance and liaison personnel, otherwise it will be chaotic.
There are two options for decentralized operations, one is to use the battalion or even the company level as a field unit, provided that the other side has no cavalry.
The second option is to use the regiment level as the field unit, and the battalion and company as the combat unit to defend the city, provided that the other side has cavalry.
The reason for this division is that the regimental level is equipped with a cavalry battalion, which can effectively protect the two wings from the enemy cavalry.
At the same time, in both cases, the entire brigade can be concentrated and engaged in a meeting with the enemy.
Compared with the complex surnames of the infantry and the mixed surnames of multiple arms, the establishment of cavalry is much simpler.
The cavalry, which is not incorporated into infantry units, has five companies of five hundred men in one battalion, three thousand men in six battalions of one regiment, three cavalry regiments in one brigade, and one mounted artillery regiment.
In addition to the cavalry artillery regiment, other cavalry units, whether they are scouts, signal troops, or cooks, can concentrate on combat at any time during combat.
The Mounted Artillery Regiment is different, the Mounted Artillery Regiment is set up to 4,000 people, divided into heavy soldiers, gunners, scouts, commanders, etc., equipped with 100 125-mm field guns and 300 75-mm howitzers, each 125-mm field gun is towed by four horses, and the 75-mm howitzer is towed by two horses.
Cavalry brigades can be used alone or in conjunction with infantry, and several brigades can be organized into divisions for expeditions.
The baggage troops were separated from the various formations, and a supply system of company to company, battalion to battalion, regiment to regiment, and brigade to brigade was established.
Each battalion, regiment, and brigade corresponds to a baggage battalion, regiment, and brigade, and there is also a company level below, and the number of people is set up according to 3:1.
Thirty soldiers, corresponding to ten baggage soldiers. It is a baggage soldier, responsible for the logistics and transportation of three soldiers, in addition to food and grass, ammunition, clothing, and so on.
When the troops are concentrated in battle, the baggage troops are also concentrated in one place, and if the battle is dispersed, the self-respecting troops are also divided into corresponding units to follow. Some of them carry the baggage to follow, and some of them go to and from the superior baggage unit to transport the baggage, and the superior baggage unit goes to the dock and other places to transport the baggage to and from the dock.
When the railway line is completed in the future, there will be no need for such trouble.
In addition, Zhao Yan also put forward a plan for the construction of mountain troops.
Mountain troops, fighting in mountainous areas, have to face severe cold, inconvenient transportation, and other hardships, and at the same time, because of the terrain, it is impossible for the troops to deploy on a large scale.
Therefore, mountain troops should be nimble and small, but also have tenacious survival skills.
Qin Liangyu's white-pole soldiers were cleverly designed with spears, allowing soldiers to move flexibly in rugged mountainous terrain, and Zhao Yan had already learned this.
The mountain troops were still 30 men in a platoon, 100 in a company, 10 in a company of pikemen, and 20 in a company of musketeers.
The same is a battalion of 600 men, four infantry battalions, and an artillery battery. The artillery company was equipped with 30 75-mm howitzers with a weight reduced to about 130 catties, and the firing range was only 400 meters.
In mountain warfare, it is obviously impossible to deploy troops, even if the enemy is approaching, there is little pressure, and pikemen and musketeers can also resist enemy attacks well in relatively narrow terrain. Naturally, the artillery does not need to go so far, as long as it can suppress the enemy in front of them.
The regimental mountain troops were equipped with 125-mm siege guns and howitzers, mainly for attacking fortifications.
Mountain troops do not have brigade-sized units.
According to this plan, the General Staff Department is calculating the current strength and how many brigades the township can organize, while Zhao Yan went to inspect the sniper school.
When I walked into the sniper school, I immediately saw many soldiers shooting targets, camouflage training, and so on. As soon as Zhao Yan came, the principal of the sniper school immediately came to report on the training.
Since the opening of the sniper school, nearly 2,000 musketeers with good marksmanship have been recruited, all equipped with twice the scope developed by the Academy of Science and Technology.
The new musket has a firing range of up to 700 meters and an effective range of more than 500 meters. According to the principal of the sniper school, most of the soldiers can accurately hit targets at a distance of 300 meters without using a double scope, and some can hit targets at a distance of 300 meters without a scope.
When it comes to the target of 500 meters, the accuracy rate is not so high, but it is also more than 60%.
Zhao Yan nodded with great satisfaction, thinking that these snipers could be sent to the battlefield to practice, and it was almost enough to practice to this extent, and now they were short of experience.
You can't sum up any experience in school, and Zhao Yan's experience is not very professional, so you have to constantly sum up your experience through practice.
Sniping is not carried out thousands of kilometers away as people think, sniping is carried out thousands of kilometers away or even two or three kilometers away, it is a special sniper rifle, and the attack is either a very important person or the enemy's ammunition depot, oil depot or something.
The general sniper on the battlefield is two or three hundred meters away, and no one can be seen if it is far away, unless you use a scope, like the king of sniper in World War II, you don't use a scope. At the same time, in the Korean War, Chinese snipers did not have scopes. At the same time, Western countries only use 2.5 times the high-magnification sights when they can make high-magnification sights.
At present, the biggest problem in the development of snipers is gunpowder, because after sniping, thick smoke will come out, and the enemy will know where the sniper is hiding at a glance.
Therefore, the act of sniping alone can only be carried out in the mountains, so that it is easy to escape. In other terrains, they can only be incorporated into combat units.
Snipers were not popularized in the army until World War II, but Zhao Yan planned to popularize snipers into the army now, and seeing that the soldiers in the sniper school were almost trained, Zhao Yan decided to assign them to each company to fight.
(To be continued)