Chapter 103: Beiyang Weapons (2)
In Wang Chenhao's plan, controlling the country's military industry is his second goal. The Tianjin Machinery Bureau and the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau were incorporated into the Beiyang Ordnance Industry Group, which was the first step in controlling the country's military industry.
To this end, Wang Chenhao established Beiyang Ordnance Industry Group, referred to as Beiyang Ordnance. Wang Chenhao spent 500,000 taels of silver to contract the Tianjin Machinery Bureau for a period of 10 years, making it the Tianjin Branch of Beiyang Ordnance.
The newly established Beiyang Ordnance Tianjin Branch will carry out the second major expansion since 1888, and Wang Chenhao has the backing of the Bank of America, and there is no problem with the funds, which gives him greater confidence in expansion.
First of all, on the basis of Tianjin Machinery Bureau, the scale has been expanded, covering an area of 3,000 acres to 4,000 acres; The number of employees is 2,330, increased to 5,200, of which 3,500 are skilled workers, 120 are middle and senior engineers, and German engineers are the main body, accounting for four-fifths. Wang Chenhao knew that the contradiction between China and Germany was minimal in the short term, so he boldly adopted German engineers and technicians as supervisors, and Chinese technicians who were not skilled enough as deputies, and selected hundreds of domestic skilled workers with good foundations as apprentices to learn technical and management experience from the Germans, so that they could be competent for work in the future.
In view of the original Tianjin Machinery Bureau Wanguo brand production line and production equipment, Wang Chenhao believes that this is a typical phenomenon of eating too much and not chewing rotten. Therefore, Wang Chenhao reached an agreement with the German minister Shen Ke to introduce a full set of German weapons production equipment, production technology and management regulations to Beiyang Ordnance, and build the former Tianjin Machinery Bureau into a German ordnance and weapons production base, so as to support the supply of weapons to the new army in Beiyang Eight Towns.
The production lines of many factories of the Tianjin Machinery Bureau are very old, and under the influence of the era of the big explosion of technology in Europe and the United States, technological updates cannot keep up with the pace of the world, so Wang Chenhao closed down some factories and production lines, and turned to only produce all kinds of weapons and equipment that conform to the new army of the eight towns of Beiyang.
In the end, Wang Chenhao discussed with Wang Shizhen and Hannagan, and finally made a detailed plan. Beiyang Ordnance will mainly produce army weapons and equipment, and plans to produce 30,000 Mauser 95 rifles, 6 million 7.92 Mauser rifle cartridges, 72 Krupp 80 infantry guns, 36 Krupp 105 howitzers, 36 Krupp 150 heavy howitzers, a total of 150,000 rounds of shells of three calibers, and 1 million kilograms of smokeless gunpowder. Considering that the original Tianjin Machinery Bureau still had to supply the Huai Army weapons stationed all over the country every year, the original black medicine factory, copper hat factory, chestnut medicine factory, and cotton medicine factory were not closed. The annual output of the black medicine factory was maintained at 300,000 kilograms, and the maroon gunpowder was increased to 200,000 kilograms, because it was an excellent propellant for giant fortress guns, so it was mainly supplied to the defensive fortress guns of Lushun Fortress and Weihaiwei Base.
Wang Chenhao did not shut down the two small steelmaking furnaces, but as long as the steelmaking furnaces of Zhili Iron and Steel Company produced molten steel, these two small steel furnaces will definitely be shut down.
Wang Chenhao eliminated redundant personnel and increased production lines and production technicians, so that the production scale will definitely be raised. However, Wang Chenhao hopes to further improve production efficiency, for example, an annual output of 30,000 Mauser rifles will not be able to meet the needs of the Beiyang Army, and if war breaks out, the huge consumption of ordnance will be even more unsatisfied. The current state is that the Tianjin Branch of Beiyang Ordnance will produce weapons as much as possible, and the Beiyang Army's weapons shortage will be provided by the Mauser Company and the Krupp Company.
Wang Chenhao hopes to reduce the dependence on foreign purchases as much as possible, so he suggests that the high-efficiency assembly line operation method should be implemented in Beiyang Weapons, so as to reduce the learning pressure of domestic technical personnel, and to understand German technology as soon as possible and improve production efficiency.
In Wang Chenhao's plan, the Tianjin Branch of Beiyang Ordnance mainly focuses on the production of modern army equipment, temporarily produces all German equipment and equipment, and then produces and develops new army equipment that meets its own requirements and standards in accordance with the development scale of the Beiyang Army. This requires the existence of scientific research units.
Originally, the Tianjin Machinery Bureau had a weapons research and development institution, called the Imitation Bureau, and the people in it specialized in cracking foreign weapons and equipment. The imitation bureau was presided over by Xu Shou's son, Xu Jianyin, and there were 35 craftsmen. The craftsmen here are equivalent to the weapons experts of the Qing Dynasty, but they mainly imitate foreign weapons and equipment, and they have no funds to develop weapons on their own, and second, they have limited ability and do not have the advanced technology of European and American countries.
However, this did not stop Wang Chenhao's idea of setting up a weapons research and development laboratory. So Wang Chenhao found Xu Jianyin and ordered him to invite and hire experts and scholars in weapons at home and abroad, and at the same time set up the Beiyang Weapons and Equipment Science Laboratory, with Xu Jianyin as the president, plus the rank of four-grade alternate, and the relevant funds for the weapons laboratory were approved and allocated by Wang Chenhao.
Xu Jianyin was immediately overjoyed, patted his chest and promised to do a good job in this weapons laboratory. Xu Jianyin's father, Xu Shou, was the best scientist in the late Qing Dynasty and had an extensive network of friends at home and abroad. At Wang Chenhao's request, Xu Jianyin wrote letters inviting his father's friends and his friends to join. And Wang Chenhao was not idle, he used his identity to send telegrams to the Qing Empire's legations in various countries, asking foreign envoys to Britain, France, the United States and Germany to help invite and hire well-known foreign scientists, professors, and scholars to come to China.
Wang Chenhao's vision is very far-sighted, not only limited to scientific and technological talents in weapons and equipment, so he does not impose restrictions on the categories of scientists invited and hired by foreign legations, and talents from all walks of life will be given high-standard treatment as long as they are willing to come to China for development.
At this time, European and American countries were in the era of scientific and technological explosion, and a large number of scientists and skilled workers were interested in inventing and improving existing machinery and equipment, especially a large number of people who made a living from inventions and creations. However, there is a saying that there are more monks and less porridge, and the more people participate, the more fierce the competition, many talented people cannot get sponsorship funds, and many scientific and technological inventions are forced to die.
The ministers and staff of the Qing Empire's embassies abroad knew that Wang Chenhao's status was special, and they gave priority to what Wang Chenhao asked them to do. Due to Wang Chenhao's abundant funds and generous conditions, many talented people who are talented but suffer from no financial sponsorship have set their sights on China and have agreed to Wang Chenhao's conditions to join the work of the Beiyang Armament Science Laboratory.
For a time, talents from Europe and the United States were arranged by the staff of the Qing Empire's embassies and consulates abroad to embark on the steamship to Tianjin. The list was sent back to Tianjin by telegram in advance, Wang Chenhao glanced at it, and did not see any name he knew, so he asked Xu Jianyin to be in charge of the reception arrangements, and he himself had more important things to deal with.
From rectifying the redundant personnel in the corpse position to the large-scale introduction of technical talents, Wang Chenhao's transformation of the Tianjin Machinery Bureau is completed. Li Hongzhang praised him a lot, and the two of them sang red face and black face, which actually brought the Tianjin Machinery Bureau back to life. Although the name was changed to Beiyang Weapon, and it became Wang Chenhao's private property, Li Hongzhang knew that his own body was deteriorating, and Wang Chenhao's performance satisfied him, so for Wang Chenhao's almost open practice of cultivating personal power and digging the corners of Beiyang, Li Hongzhang just turned a blind eye, if it is most appropriate to describe Li Hongzhang's mood by gathering like things, because he saw himself when he started from Wang Chenhao.
After taking the Tianjin Machinery Bureau into his pocket, Wang Chenhao set his sights on the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau in Shanghai.