Numerous marine migratory fish have been able to swim up the river to reach Tanggula Mountain, which has never happened before. The Yellow River and the Yangtze River have more migratory fish than those in the Lancang River. And there are almost no in the Brahmaputra River. Again, this is due to the fact that the way the ocean is fished is different from the marine environment.

Migratory fish are generally caught quickly after spawning, as they die soon afterward.

On the banks of the Lancang River, the scene of humans and black bears fishing together at the same time is very interesting. Most of the time, people drive away black bears. But there are also people who throw the fish they catch at the black bears. Some black bears can't get rid of them after they occupy a vantage point. So they can still get their own place.

Many birds also hover over people's heads, snatching up the internal organs of the fish that people throw at them.

Since there is too much roe, people will also get some roe. Managers limit the amount of fish roe people can scoop.

"These roe are the fish of the future, and it is more important to protect these roe than to protect these fish. And there are some animals that depend on these fish roe for their livelihood. ”

Perhaps the reason for the different fish populations is that the flavor of caviar on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Lancang River is completely different. The mall is clearly signaged. However, this year's Tanggula Mountain caviar is very scarce and has become a hot item.

Oceans and rivers have shown their importance because of the migration and migration of animals. The water conservancy bureau has rejected several plans for hydropower plants, and there are several main reasons for building hydropower stations, the most important of which is to generate electricity. In the West, there is a shortage of electricity due to the concentration of electricity in cities, power transmission and other problems. China's cities are scattered. At least one-third of the city's electricity is supplied by biogas generating stations. The remaining electricity used to be due to thermal power generation, but now solar energy can also solve part of it. At the nuclear power plant worked out the transport system, information systems. After the power of factories and mines, thermal power has withdrawn from the stage of history, not to mention hydropower?

Another reason is irrigation. The consensus reached between the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Land and Resources is that water resources rely more on the water retention and conservation role of forests and multi-crop cultivation, which is the large reservoir that really stays on land, rather than relying on river irrigation. River irrigation is only an emergency mechanism, such as the management of deserts such as Mu Us and Tengger. Inland rivers are too important for the recharge of inland lakes, and these inland lakes are irreplaceable for regulating the environment.

Both the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Land and Resources considered the case for irrigation to be insufficient. And the harm of cutting off rivers is far-reaching.

The enhanced water-retaining effect of forests has kept the Yellow and Yangtze rivers from threatening floods for several years. Wetland restoration in the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins, and the economic benefits of wetlands. It is no worse than farmland at all. At the same time, wetlands can be used to divert water from rivers much more than a flood control levee.

Therefore, the flood control role of the dam is also denied.

Removing these three reasons, other things such as meeting shipping requirements are not so urgent. With the construction of an automated transportation system, even the Grand Canal is now reduced to a very small scale.

So plans for hydropower plants have been repeatedly rejected. The Ministry of Land and Resources even believes that the Ministry of Construction's so-called reason for relying on hydropower stations to build and promote the development of the steel and cement industry is absurd. Fiber synthetics are now used in the transportation system, reducing the use of steel and cement. So. What else do you do with these energy-intensive industries?

China's rivers now do not have a single large dam. There are only a few small dams that were built before. The largest water conservancy hubs, in addition to the Grand Canal, are the Yellow River Irrigation Canal and Dujiangyan. In fact, these three projects are more of a rational use of natural waterways.

Among them, the Yellow River is the most remarkable.

It has been almost a decade since the Yellow River and the Mu Us Desert were brought under control. Within ten years, the trees in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River basin had grown very tall, and the pastures and shrubs were fully developed. But upstream is much worse.

The Mu Us Desert was the first to be treated, and the conditions were the best, so now it is covered with green. The second is the Tarim Basin.

The Tarim Basin is considered to be the core of the central and western regions, and the most critical to the management of the Tarim Basin is the tributaries of the Tarim River and the amount of water coming in. The Kashgar, Tien Shan, and Kunlun Mountains have shrunk arable land, and new agricultural technologies have reduced the need for irrigation water. Extensive pastures and along the banks of the tributaries are planted with trees and grasses, including mosses and ferns. This has increased the volume of water in a series of rivers such as the Hotan River, the Kashgar River, the Yarkand River, and the Keriya River. Some small rivers such as the Tizinab River and the Red Pomegranate River are also extending deep into the desert, and the area of Lop Nur continues to increase. This has brought great changes to the entire climate of Xinjiang.

Water brings life, and deserts are cut by meadows, wetlands, and forest belts. However, in general, the precipitation in the Tarum Basin is still low, and the meltwater from the snow-capped mountains alone can only limit the formation of new deserts. This new desert, a desert that is only one or two thousand years old, has the potential to be restored to its original appearance.

The role of forests and grasslands in regulating the climate is not limitless. In other words, it takes an extremely long time and long-term uninterrupted maintenance by humans.

However, the continuous expansion of the water surface of Lop Nur plays an extremely important role in the Badain Jaran Desert.

The precipitation in the Qilian Mountains is increasing, and Juyanhai has truly formed the legendary scenery of weak water quicksand and the North Sea. But equally, the tall sand dunes in the core of the Badain Jaran Desert remain an insurmountable obstacle. However, the vegetation of Heli Mountain recovered very quickly, and the Badain Jaran Desert and the Tengger Desert were completely cut off, and the area was greatly reduced. The result is a fantastic scenery of greenery, grasslands, lakes and towering sand dunes. This makes the Juyanhai Holy Land extremely beautiful.

Alxa and Bayannur are no longer windy and sandy, and already have the appearance of "wind blowing grass and seeing cattle and sheep". Desertification east of Yinshan has been curbed. This is mainly due to the transformation of grasslands, windbreaks and the restoration of cropping in areas where conditions permit. Leave some herders in forests and farmland, and reduce the number of herders and the number of cattle and sheep grazing.

And all of this is because the transportation system has brought a large amount of seafood to relieve the pressure on food. The state subsidized Suiyuan Province, and the materials in Dunhuang Province not only did not decrease, but increased. Because there is a real need for constant maintenance here.

Suiyuan Province is basically self-sufficient in food, but if it wants to eat well and catch up with the national average, it still needs the sea to subsidize it.

Compared with these two provinces, South Baikal, Chita, Pamir, including Qinghai, Tibet, now have enough grain exports. The main reading objects of the output are the present-day Kazakh, Magadan, Kamchatka and Chukotka.

Kazakhstan has just been conquered, and the environment in individual provinces such as Magadan is so poor that food subsidies have become a must if they want to maintain enough people to stay. The roads from Harbin, Chita, and Vladivostok to Chukotka have been opened, and now the construction of automated railways is to be built.

This railway, along with the railway in Tibet, has encountered the constraints of high cold, permafrost, and many earthquakes, and there are too many hardships to overcome, and progress is slow. The highway and light rail systems in the transportation system have been expanded to meet the needs of transportation.

This transportation system is also the main import channel for seafood. Seafood from the North Pacific, including seals, walruses, whales, sharks and other meat, went directly to Kazakhstan. This was unthinkable in the USSR.

The high-speed railway from Hung Yen to Dunhuang Province in China has reached a maximum speed of 220 kilometers per hour, and the speed of light rail trains has also reached 120 kilometers per hour.

"Without the blue territory of the ocean, the evolution of the environment in the Midwest would have been much slower. In particular, a series of sandy lands such as the Balkhash Desert in Kazakh Province are likely to intensify due to the influx of large populations. But now not only has it not deteriorated, but it has recovered thanks to human care. ”

At Dunhuang University, Feng Yuxiang, Liu Ying and Dong Biwu have become experts in desert management, and the three of them are leading research on vegetation restoration in the central and western regions.

And only they really felt the importance of the blue territories.

"There are 900 million people in China, and nearly 60 million people are engaged in marine fishing, but it feeds at least 120 million people. The area of the blue territory is already comparable to the land area. Again, this is the result of restricting the development of the fishing industry. At least 30 million or 40 million people are fed by fish that migrate from the ocean to the upper reaches of rivers. This number will rise as the marine environment improves. China's traditional thinking has always talked about national territory, and it seems that only the mainland is the territory, but in fact this is not the case. In the past, Japan was able to dominate East Asia with the four islands of Honshu, but now it is not. Why? Just because of the ocean, the ocean is also territory. I want to put this in the textbook. The Bering Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk, the North Sea, the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, the Bohai Sea, the South China Sea, the Siam Sea, including the North Pacific Ocean, are all the territory of our country. Not the so-called high seas. ”

Liu Ying still maintains a strong military style. (To be continued......)