Chapter 267: The Respect Japan Needs
1933 was the most difficult year for the world economy. At MacDonald's suggestion, 66 countries from around the world will gather in London for the London International Economic Conference to discuss how to deal with the recession and Great Depression, how to revive international trade, and how to stabilize the exchange rate of international currencies.
Because Emperor Song's global visit will arrive in London in September, the meeting is deliberately scheduled to start in early September, during which Emperor Song should stay in London to participate in the meeting.
It is precisely because of the presence of the Emperor that the French Prime Minister will also come to attend the meeting, which has rapidly raised the level of the London International Economic Conference to a higher level.
After meeting with George V, the Song Emperor was invited to stay at Buckingham Palace until the end of his visit to England.
That night, Ramsay. Prime Minister Macdonald personally went to Buckingham Palace to meet King George V and at the same time to visit Emperor Song to try to discuss Indonesian events and international economic issues more deeply.
As George V said, Britain must take the same stance with China on this matter, and must not allow Britain to undermine the order in Asia, otherwise Britain will be in a new dangerous situation, and the relationship between Britain and China will be long gone.
After the London International Economic Conference was held, Song Biao stayed in London to attend the conference.
…… After persuading Saudi Arabia to join the future Asian Cooperation Alliance, Gu Weijun flew back to China, and after the terms of reconciliation were put forward, the Imperial Ministry continued to speed up the military mobilization of the Emperor, while the cabinet actively tried to resolve the crisis of the Nagano incident through peace talks.
After flying back to Yanjing to meet with Premier Ouyang Geng, Chief of the Inner Court Shu Fangde, and Chief of the General Staff of the Central Military Department Jiang Fangzhen, and after reaching an unanimous opinion, Gu Weijun immediately flew to Nampo, North Korea, on a special plane, where he held secret talks with Minister of the Interior Makino Shinaki.
After 1911, the so-called Korean Empire was divided into two countries, the North and the South, with the North being the Chinese-backed Korean Autonomous Yuan, and the South continuing to be supervised by the Korean Governor's Office, ostensibly controlled by the Korean Empire.
In the past, it has been very harmonious, but in recent years, it has begun to look very obscene and shameless, constantly sowing discord between China and North Korea.
There is a reason for the downflow of North Korea, because China and China have roughly the same area of control over North Korea, but North Korea has much more mining reserves than South Korea, and the area of arable land is also dominated by the north.
With the joint investment of the central capital of the empire and the capital of Chinese businessmen, the scale of North Korea's mining industry has expanded rapidly, and it has become not only the main raw material supply base of the Northeast industry, but also the raw material base of the industry.
The empire mined 20 million tons of refined iron ore powder in the Jiechuan Iron Mine alone every year, half of which was exported to Yuben, which is also the largest source of iron ore in Yuben.
We must understand that China will never be China's opponent than insidious, but it will never be China's opponent than construction and belly.
China is also insidious, but we are insidious and have a level and morality, while the insidiousness of the book has always been too clever, all kinds of petty schemes and conspiracies have emerged one after another, with the goal of sowing discord everywhere, constantly instigating the Korean people to rebel against China, and also claiming that the original is to protect the Korean nation, and China is an aggressor, occupying the northern territory of the DPRK and plundering the resources of the Korean people.
In this regard, the consistent principle of the empire is that you engage in your intrigues and tricks, and I will carry out our own people's livelihood and economic construction, and that China and the two sides each have a set of education and propaganda systems on the Korean Peninsula, carry out a long-term confrontation between the north and the south, and each support the pro-China and pro-Japanese native Korean talents.
The empire set up new international zones in Nampo and Longchuan, saying that it was to follow China's policy of opening up to the outside world, and the actual population moved in was mainly Chinese, and the focus of investment was concentrated in Nampo, Longchuan and other places, especially Nampo, where the main industries of North Korea were concentrated, and the number of local Chinese also exceeded one million, making it the most populous city in North Korea.
No matter how much he sowed discord and sent spies to engage in secret sabotage, the empire always adhered to its own policy and developed in its own way.
The truth is cruel, no matter how much you shout and provoke, under the control of the empire, North Korea is the largest trade surplus country in the country, China exports industrial products and minerals to the DPRK, and controls the banks and economic lifelines, while the DPRK at the same time exports industrial raw materials on a large scale to the DPRK and controls the lifeblood and source of the economy.
This means that as long as China starts a war, once the Imperial Army moves south, the industry will be in a complete predicament.
After 22 years of continuous policy differences between the two countries, the difference between the two Koreas' economic and living standards has become very pronounced after the empire's policy of free investment and trade in North Korea and the plunder-based policy of South Korea.
Gu Weijun's secret talks with the Minister of the Interior in Nanpu, Makino, were basically equivalent to negotiating with the other party on the mainland, taking advantage of the landlords, and the meeting place between the two sides was at the Imperial Chinese Consulate in Nanpu.
After getting off the plane, Gu Weijun took a car to Nanpu, and on the way, the Nanpu he saw was basically similar to China's coastal cities, all the commercial signs were in Chinese, the local residents were also Chinese, North Koreans did not even account for half, and even the local Nanpu University was based on Chinese education.
After entering the consulate by car, Gu Weijun first met with the Minister of Foreign Affairs in North Korea, Xu Fangyi, and after a brief exchange between the two, the Minister of the Interior, Makino also arrived at the consulate and came to meet the Imperial Foreign Minister Gu Weijun.
The conditions of the consulate are certainly not as good as those in China, and it is not an open negotiation, and the meeting place between the two sides is only a regular reception room in the consulate.
It was the first time for Makino to visit the special city of Nampo, and when he walked out of the train station and saw that the vast majority of the residents were Chinese, he already felt obvious unease at that moment.
Nampo was opened in 1897, but for a long time it was only a small town on the coast of Korea, until the Sino-Chinese Xinhai War, but during the 22 years that China controlled North Korea, Nampo was designated as a new international area of Korea, covering an area of 3,385 square kilometers, which opened the prelude to the construction of Nampo.
Makino is visible at a glance, the entire Nanpu urban area is the kind of obvious style of the Zhina reform, all the buildings in the style obviously have traces of a combination of Chinese and Western, he was young but once went to Yanjing, at that time did not think how good Yanjing was, and the court of the Manchurian Emperor still has a little style at all.
Now it seems that even in the depths of his heart, he must admit that the prosperity of Nampo is that the whole new city is planned and built to imitate the big cities like Qingdao and Aurora, with wide roads, many trams, light rail and many buses in the city, and it does not look like a North Korean city in his senses.
This feeling made Makino suddenly realize that the media had lost its impartial position under the control of the political axe, and it was clear that the chaotic and pitiful North Korea described in the newspaper was basically fiction, and the real North Korea was even better than the one.
This feeling greatly reduced Makino's superiority as a member of the Kuomintang of the Great Imperial Empire, and made him very uncomfortable.
He also had a consulate in Nanpu, and sent a car to pick him up, because he emphasized domestic goods, so he always used his own car, but compared with those Chinese cars with peculiar signs on the street, it always seemed a little worse, and he couldn't say what was wrong, but it looked very bad.
Makino didn't have this feeling in China before, but when he arrived in Nanpu, he suddenly found out that he was actually ...... It may be a little behind the times, Yuben is still copying the American Model T, and these cars produced by the Chinese may be inferior to Yuben in quality, but the shape is very good, some like small bread, some like Beetle, or it can be said to be very eccentric.
Makino still doesn't approve of this kind of thing, but deep down he feels that Shina is indeed not as poor and ignorant as it used to be, maybe a little far from modern civilization, but it can also be regarded as one of the industrial powers.
There are all kinds of contradictions in his views, even he himself is not aware of it, in fact, he is just struggling with the superiority of the Yamato nation, since the Meiji Restoration, he has always been on the top, thinking that he is the only civilized country in Asia, actively breaking away from Asia and joining Europe, and claiming to be a European country, on this basis, looking down on China, pointing fingers at China, and judging what is wrong.
In the past 10 years, the reversal between the relationship and strength between China and China has not been able to adapt to it, and they have not been able to adapt to it.
Americans are strong because they come from Europe, and Europe is naturally strong, so why can China be strong, and in a world of racial competition, how can a good-for-nothing nation like China be strong?
It doesn't make sense, does it?
They can't find any theory to explain this state of affairs, so it must be problematic, false, and without any credibility.
Facts have proved that whether it is the 20th century or the 21st century, except for the generation that was completely beaten after the end of World War II, it is still a very strange nation with a strong social Darwinian spirit, and it is precisely because they firmly believe that they are an excellent nation, so they cannot believe that China can surpass them.
If China goes beyond the original version, it will be a bubble, and it will definitely be punctured.
As the Minister of the Interior of Emperor Samoto, Makino, like most of the Emperor himself, did not have any new and unique views, he was just more in status than others, and he hoped to curb fascism in his own country, and he had the secret support of Emperor Samoto Showa.
After entering the Chinese Consulate in Nanpu, Makino stepped out of the black sedan and saw two more beautiful cars with red license plates in the garage, with long plate bodies and flags of the Central Political Axe of the Chinese Empire on both sides of the headlights.
The accompanying diplomatic officer was already familiar with this, and whispered to Makino that it was a Chinese car that only cabinet ministers of the Central Government would ride, and that these vehicles would be transported to consulates in advance when cabinet ministers visited foreign countries and colonies, and some consulates that had close contacts would directly reserve one as a special vehicle for use when receiving special foreign guests.
This is a ship-shaped body, similar to the Pontic and Ford V8 architecture born in 1959, and it is also the result of the test design of the car model with a hollow in the empire, compared to the Beetle-type body in the use of civilian cars, this ship-type body is more used for official and commercial vehicles, it is more magnificent, and the reason why it is often shipped abroad is precisely because the Chinese V8 series is a bulletproof car, the body and horsepower are larger, and it seems to be more magnificent, in fact, the main function is to prevent cabinet ministers from being assassinated overseas, so as not to cause unnecessary major diplomatic incidents.
Makino lacks some basic knowledge of modern industry, if he thinks about it carefully, he can understand that this latest Zhonghua V806 sedan leaks a lot of important information, one is that the empire has lower costs in the military industry and industrial production, and has used the stamping and die-casting technology of the results of the 201 project on a large scale; Second, the engine of the Imperial automobile industry has changed from a conventional box structure to a flat disc structure, and this major change has made the Imperial retain more space in the power pack of tanks and armored vehicles to use turbocharging and mechanical supercharging technology, and the source of this technology itself is also from the military engine development project of the 201 system.
This is a rare opportunity, because of the error in the reception time, there are no consulate guards in the garage, and Makino should immediately go into battle to disassemble the engine of this car and study it, which will definitely be of great help to Yumoto.
Makino did not realize this, he only envied for a moment, and then entered the consulate accompanied by diplomats, eager to reach an agreement with the foreign minister of China and declare a truce according to their terms.
In the reception room arranged by the consulate, Makino appeared to see the Imperial Foreign Minister Gu Weijun, the two had met twice before, the first time was when Emperor Showa ascended the throne, Gu Weijun went to congratulate as a special envoy of the Chinese Emperor, and the second time was after Inuyang Yi was assassinated, Gu Weijun went to mourn as the Imperial Foreign Minister, and Makino appeared in the name of the Minister of the Interior, as a special envoy of the Emperor Showa to visit Gu Weijun and thank the central political axe of the Empire.
Because the previous two meetings were very polite and polite friends, the two seemed very polite when they met.
After sitting down on the sofa in the reception room, Makino explained to Gu Weijun: "I have come here on the orders of the Prime Minister and under the Emperor's holy decree to conclude with your country, hoping that the difficult situation caused by the Nagano incident to our country can be ended in a peaceful way, and I also hope that your country can value peace and end this matter with a posture of pursuing peace." ”
Gu Weijun has worked in the Imperial Foreign Ministry for seventeen years, and he has seen too many ups and downs, and when he heard these words, he knew that today's talks would definitely not go well, and he had no intention of admitting his mistake at all, let alone suffering losses.
Thinking of this, Gu Weijun couldn't help but sigh lightly, even if all this was what he expected, he still felt that he was obviously sick, but because 65 million people were sick, they felt that they were very healthy and normal, and it was the 470 million people in China who were sick.
Gu Weijun is a particularly sober person, and he knows that in today's era of rampant nationalism and social Darwinism, the citizens of every country have mental paranoia and solipsistic and noble paranoia, but there is only a difference between the severity and the severity of the disease.
That's all.
Gu Weijun also knew better that 1933 meant a lot of things for the empire, and the central government of the empire had decided to make a contribution to reverse the difficult situation of the entire world economy and greatly increase the foreign debt of Britain, the United States and other countries, so as to promote the restoration of world trade and the stability of the financial order.
If this can be done effectively, the empire will truly become the world's largest economic power in this year.
Because there is no exact standard of economic statistics in the international world, only China and the United States have cooperated to establish this kind of modern national GDP and m0\m1\m2 review and statistical system, so as to establish a relatively macro statistical analysis of the national economy, so it is said that it is impossible to understand exactly how strong China is, let alone recognize how strong China is.
In this case, it is almost impossible to conduct diplomacy with Yuben on the basis of the strength of both sides, because the only criterion for measuring the strength of a country for a long time is the military, and a strong military means that the national strength is strong, this is their logic, so in their opinion, Yuben is stronger than China, because Yuben has more capital battleships.
Many years later, we will feel that there is something wrong with this idea, but it is also a recognized fact in this era.
If you want to talk about the scale of the economy, the economic scale of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China is very large, and it is not like that bird, and even the parents and ancestors who were beaten can't recognize it, which also shows that the idea of this book is actually reasonable, but it is too extreme.
As the foreign minister of the empire, Gu Weijun was very familiar with this, so when he heard Makino say the first sentence, he knew that today's negotiations would be difficult.
Gu Weijun thought about it carefully for a long time, and then chose a very simple way to say to Makino: "Your Excellency, although the sinking of the two cruisers by our navy is a bit excessive, and it is not an order from my [***] department and the emperor, but it is an indisputable fact that your attack was the first, resulting in my country's patrol plane being unable to return home, I don't think about many details in this matter, you apologize, we apologize, this matter will end first, and you don't need to compensate the plane, We have no intention of compensating the warships, so we should be considered unlucky. We are unlucky to have neighbors like Ben, and you are also unlucky to have another evidence like ours. I'm speaking in the vernacular, and it's very realistic, and there's no moisture or diplomatic cover-up. ”
Makino thought for a moment and replied very seriously: "First, the report submitted by my [***] department clearly states that your country attacked first, and our navy only justified defense and warning, and this matter has been publicly reported in our country, and all countries in the world have also clearly reported it, so it should be your country that apologizes first; Second, if your country does not compensate for the warships, then ask His Majesty the Emperor of your country to apologize in person, or the Emperor will send a special envoy to our country to apologize. ”
Gu Weijun smiled and said sarcastically: "Why? ”
Makino looked more and more serious, and replied righteously: "This is the basic truth! ”
Therefore, diplomatic work will kill people, and people who do not have a large stomach and patience are not good enough must not be able to take on the role of diplomatic officials, especially the work of foreign ministers, so how much tolerance is needed to be able to take on it.
Gu Weijun continued to smile and asked, "Your Excellency, didn't you feel weak when you said this?" ”
Makino was silent, his expression still serious and hard.
Gu Weijun could only sigh again, and said: "As the foreign minister of the empire, I have had frequent contacts with your country's political axe and your country's people over the years, and I know you very well, so I know very well that some things I have said to you are nonsense, I just want to remind you here, don't only treat the 65 million people of your Yamato nation as people, but treat our 470 million people in China as slaves, don't only regard the dignity of your empire as a great thing, but treat the dignity of our Chinese empire as waste paper." If you only want to protect your interests and dignity and do not take our interests and dignity seriously, war will be a matter of time, and it is better to fight it sooner rather than later. ”
Mu Ye replied with neither humility nor arrogance: "Your Excellency, please forgive me for reminding you that threats and ruthless words out of thin air will not solve the problem, and the real reality is that our navy has more than twice the strength of your army in the Pacific region, and if you really want to let this war start, it will be even more unfavorable to your country." ”
Gu Weijun sneered and said: "My country's political axe is still the same proposal, you apologize first, and then we apologize, if there is a dispute about the origin of the matter, then keep their own disputes, it is better than going to war directly." As for the matter of compensating the warships, we do not have such a plan, the central government is in financial difficulties, and we do not have so much money. Both sides apologized, and said that Ben and the Netherlands would suspend all disputes, and you would not have to compensate the Dutch Navy for the losses, but would simply promise to recognize and maintain the status quo. If you must compensate, then on top of your compensation for the aircraft and the Dutch destroyer, our country will compensate for the cost of a Nagano-class cruiser at its discretion. If there is no other choice, if there must be a war, then I believe that the scale of this war is definitely not as simple as a naval battle, and you know very well why Japan wanted to buy the ownership of Jeju Island from Korea in the first place, and why Japan wants to keep the southern part of Korea to you, and the reason why Japan wants to keep the southern part of Korea to you. Either there will be no war, or if there is war, it will inevitably be an all-out war. If you really want to fight a naval battle, you don't feel sorry if all our warships are gone, I don't know what kind of mentality you have. ”
Makino said: "War is terrible, and it can happen in any situation, and in the end it may not be as simple as you imagined, the outcome of the Sino-Japanese Naval War, your country should not forget, we are not arrogant about it, but we want to remind your country that war is always unpredictable." Therefore, China said that if the two countries want to maintain peace, they must both make more efforts and pay more costs. If China does not blindly help the Netherlands and remains neutral, China will uphold a fair attitude to solve the problem of the Dutch Navy's initiative to provoke and threaten our country, and if the Netherlands transfers the ownership of Dutch Indonesia to China, China will continue to safeguard all your interests in Indonesia, and will not change any policy within ten years, and we are also happy to jointly guardian Indonesia with you. ”
Gu Weijun asked Makino rhetorically: "Guess why I met with you in Nanpu?" ”
Makino was noncommittal, but asked modestly, "Please give me advice!" ”
Gu Weijun replied: "In the past 22 years, whether it is through the Governor's Office, spies and non-governmental organizations, your country has used various methods to sow discord against our country in Korea, as well as various secret training methods used in North Korea, are enough to prove that Yuben is not a trustworthy country at all. We gave you the opportunity to jointly take custody of North Korea, and that's the end, do you think we'll give you another chance? Why should we stop you from attacking the Netherlands and preventing you from taking Indonesia? The root of the problem is in North Korea, the situation in North Korea has fully demonstrated that there can be no positive cooperation between China and China, we Chinese IQ is not low, the reason why we do not choose your means is not because we are stupid, but because we are not willing to compare with you at a low level, I think you can understand that the word 'low' is the mildest word we can use, what you have done, you know best in your hearts. Whether it is a political axe or a non-governmental organization, after all, these things of sowing discord and training North Korean spies to sabotage are all done by your great Yamato nation, and we have an old saying in China called 'near the gentleman, far from the villain', we really don't want to continue to cooperate with you, although the Netherlands has also had a lot of conflicts with our country on the Indonesian issue, at least it still abides by its promises and will not deceive the country, so whether it is our country or the United Kingdom, everyone wants to maintain the status quo. ”
In fact, Gu Weijun doesn't like to say things so directly and ugly, he doesn't hit people in the face, Gu Weijun has always regarded himself as a humble gentleman, but he really has no choice, this country is very strange, if you negotiate with him amicably, he will feel that you are weak and easy to bully, and he will put forward all kinds of unreasonable demands.
In general, 1933 was still not suitable for war, because it was indeed too important for the empire, very important for the empire's economy and long-term development of the country, for the preparation of the Asian League, and for the empire's improvement of the international environment.
Therefore, the empire is now ready for a full-scale war, but it still hopes to end this dispute and crisis in other ways as much as possible, and it is not terrible to fight, but only huge military expenditures, and what is more regrettable than the expenditure is to surpass Britain and the United States to become the new world's first power.
Listening to Gu Weijun's words, Makino suddenly let out a very strange laugh and said, "I can't imagine that your country has such a deep misunderstanding of my country, it's really a pity." It's a private meeting between us, there's no minutes, and of course you can say whatever you want, but none of that really solves the problem. China's goal is not to engage in a full-scale or limited naval war with China, but to conclude final negotiations with the Netherlands on the issue of colonial disputes, so as to avoid a similar dispute between the Dutch navy, and if we want to maintain peace in Asia, especially in Southeast Asia, we must properly settle all problems with the Netherlands. In view of this, if China and China promise not to interfere in the follow-up negotiations on the Hobanda Sea incident or other related matters after the two countries apologize to each other, China will be able to put an end to the special status quo at the present stage and restore peace between China and China, and it will also promise to maintain peaceful coexistence on the Korean Peninsula and will never support any organization in doing anything illegal or contrary to the common interests of China and Taiwan. ”
Gu Weijun replied simply: "The empire has considered formally concluding a military alliance with the Netherlands. ”
Makino threatened: "Please also think twice, an alliance with the weak does not change the fact that the strong are axiomatic on the ocean. ”
Gu Weijun ignored his threats and said: "This is the way it is, China does not accept any unilateral attempt to change the status quo, and the dispute between Ben and the Netherlands should be resolved through peaceful negotiations." ”
Makino said: "As the largest country in Asia, your country should support the cause of reading power of Asian countries and nations, and our country hopes to assist the indigenous people of Indonesia to restore their free reading power, even if they cannot read completely, Indonesians should also enjoy more autonomy under the support and protection of Yuben and your country, if your country is not willing to take risks and sacrifice its own interests to achieve this, then you should support our country, even if you do not support it, you should not interfere with it." ”
Gu Weijun sighed and said, "What's the point of saying these self-righteous words? The situation is very simple, with the present commitment to abide by the status quo, negotiations can be carried out, it is only a matter of how to talk about the final disposition, and if this resolution is to change the status quo, there is no point in negotiations. ”
Makino thought that he was already the most sensible person in the Great Empire, and he also kept the farthest distance from fascist militaristic expansionism, even so, hearing Gu Weijun's tough and barbaric attitude on behalf of China, he couldn't wait to immediately support the navy to crush the Chinese navy.
He sneered in his heart, the kind of branch is the kind of branch.
He thought that if Ben had such a vast territory, resources, and population, he would have ruled the whole world a long time ago, so there was nothing terrible about Zhi, but fate favored them more.
The reason why Minoru Saito wanted to invite Makino, the Minister of the Interior, to come forward to negotiate with China was precisely because Emperor Showa had secretly stated that he did not want a large-scale war to break out against China, and although Makino was an anti-fascist cabinet official, as a bureaucrat, he did not want to directly express Emperor Showa's intentions to Gu Weijun, and sought more national interests for him.
On the other hand, Makino seems to be "already very disrespectful to the Great Empire, and if you still directly express such a meaning, it will only make the other party look down on the empire even more."
For example, in the process of signing the "Washington Naval Treaty," the United States made many concessions to the United States, and China is only developing toward the level of Britain and the United States, and it cannot be regarded as the world's first-class power that can sit on an equal footing with Britain and the United States.
After World War I, France, Germany, and Italy basically failed, and the fact that the navy was treated second only to Britain and the United States in the "Washington Naval Treaty" shows that the international world has "great respect" for the navy.
Power is an axiom, and China's criterion for judging is that national strength determines everything, while the book unilaterally believes that military strength determines all this.
From the perspective of the book, China's real restoration of reading autonomy was also a matter after the First World War, before which even Hong Kong, Macao and other colonies could not be recovered, and to this day still retains a large number of so-called new international areas; Although the scale of China's economy is large, it is mainly due to its huge population and vast resources, rather than the quality of the population and the level of industry, and its so-called modern industry is funded by foreigners and foreign capital, and its own industrial strength is not as good as that of the original -- this is the view of the original one.
From China's point of view, it is said that it is a small country with only a navy that is reckless in arms and militarism, and does not have the national strength to really fight an all-out war; moreover, it lacks resources, the quality of its population is not high, and its level of science and technology and industry is inferior to that of Italy, Sweden, and other second-rate industrial countries in Europe.
China cannot admit that it is a world power on an equal footing, otherwise how would China answer its call for an equal share of Asia's interests?
What's more, he really doesn't deserve this qualification.
Under such contradictions, Gu Weijun and Makino could not reach any agreement, and the two sides negotiated secretly for three hours, and they could only communicate the basic requirements of each other and the two countries, without any other results at all.
…… London.
In fact, all countries know very well that if they want to revive the global economy, they must first solve the problem of the exchange rate of international currencies, and as long as the international exchange rate stabilizes and the tariffs of various countries are restored to before the Great Depression, the world economy can recover again.
The European countries, represented by Britain, France, and Germany, believe that the European debt has weakened the currency reserves of the European countries, and if this problem cannot be solved, the world economy will not be able to recover.
France is different, because France's main debt in World War I was concentrated in China, while China and France had already resolved the Sino-French debt problem before 1928 through negotiation and negotiation, including colonial transfer, debt conversion into investment, etc., and France at this time had changed from a debtor country after World War I to a creditor country.
China has the right to remain neutral on this issue, and through a series of debt-swapping measures, the debt problem between China and Austria, Hungary, France, and Germany has been closed, and most of the debt has been turned into direct overseas investment by the central government and the four major trust companies, and at present, mainly the United Kingdom, still owes China about 300 million pounds of debt, which is not a large proportion of the total debt owed by the United Kingdom.
The United States obviously will not agree, this is the main means by which the United States controls Europe, it obviously will not give up its martial arts, and the United States now urgently needs to use Europe's debt to the United States to continue to expand its gold reserves.
If no debt reduction agreement can be reached, countries will have to maintain the stability of major currencies by fixing exchange rates, and the United States does not agree to this, because to stabilize the exchange rate, China and the United States must increase their holdings of other countries' new debt, and in this way guarantee the exchange rate of other countries' currencies.
The United States does not agree, and China cannot support the overall situation alone, and it is impossible for China to bear this pressure alone.
Of course, China can buy government bonds from some of the more friendly countries, such as countries that have signed Sino-foreign free trade treaties, and support them to tide over the difficulties, but China and China are also in a state of mutual declaration of war, and may start a large-scale war at any time, and even if an international agreement is reached now, once China needs to spend huge amounts of military spending, China can only be forced to break the treaty and cut off its support for foreign countries.
The year 1933 was already the most difficult time for all countries, and under such circumstances, it was natural that it would have launched a war and did not hesitate to further destroy the economic environment of the entire world, so it naturally became the focus of the crusade of various countries.
A few days after the meeting, because it could not bear the pressure of the armistice of Britain, France, and other countries, it announced that it would withdraw from the conference, and Britain took the opportunity to announce that it would not extend the "Anglo-Japanese Allied Entente" on this ground, and the alliance between the two countries officially ended on October 4, 1933.
With the decline of the British Empire and the establishment of the British Commonwealth, Australia, Canada, and New Zealand all have the right to decide on their own foreign trade policies and tariff terms. Neither the UK nor Ben have mentioned a contract renewal in the past few years.
Regardless of whether he withdrew from the British alliance or the London International Economic Conference, it is obvious that this turmoil between China and the Netherlands will not end simply, and he will isolate himself from the world but want to completely embark on the road of military expansion.
While other countries are still hoping to solve their domestic economic crises through worldwide coordination, it has become clear once again that there is no future without colonies.
It is said that this is a broken jar, and China can only accompany it to the end.
Neither China nor the United States can afford to alleviate the financial crisis of the world, and the world will continue to be dark to the end.
The darkest of all is definitely the Netherlands.
At this time, the United States finally decided to respond to the Nagano incident by sending the Pacific Fleet to the port of Manila in the Philippines, and at the same time, together with Britain, asked China and the Netherlands to send diplomats to participate in the coordination, and Britain and the United States were responsible for the coordination.
If it were peacetime, they would have been going to war with China, and the European and American countries would probably not be able to ask for it, but now it is completely different, and the scale of the Chinese navy is very large, and once the war starts, the British and American colonies in Southeast Asia will suffer a violent impact, and it is already very difficult.
It was also very happy when it saw that all countries hoped for peace talks between China and the Netherlands, because it was not very sure that it would win the war.
(To be continued)