During the period when Song Biao went to the northeast to inspect the northeast, it had been snowing and the wind speed was also relatively large, and his initial plan was to go to the Shenyang Aircraft Company to inspect the prototype test flight of the latest J-7 turbofan fighter plane, but because the meteorological conditions had not been very good, under Chen Qicai's suggestion, the plan was finally canceled.

It was impossible to delay the trip to the Tonghua missile base for inspection, and even though it was still snowing heavily that day, Song Biao still went to the Shenyang Aircraft Company to inspect the Shenyang Aircraft Company accompanied by Chen Qicai, while Crown Prince Yuhua went north to inspect the Harbin Institute of Technology.

This year's Tohoku is indeed much colder than usual, with daytime and nighttime minimum temperatures in February already breaking 30-year records, and heavy snow in mid-March.

The heavy snow began to fall again last night, and there was no sign of stopping until more than nine o'clock in the morning, and the convoy of the royal family of the inner court slowly set off from the headquarters of the Shenyang Military Region and drove north into the western district of Qipanshan, where the Shenyang Aircraft Company is located, and a total of 45,000 acres of land from Xinjiaji to Puhe Town belonged to the Shenyang Company, and the Northeast Aviation Industry Research Institute was in the Tuanshanzi area on the south side of the Shenyang Aircraft Company, and Shen Fei and the Research Institute were also close to each other.

Before 1935, the Northeast Institute of Aeronautical Industry was affiliated to the Central Academy of Sciences, and after the implementation of the socialization reform of the Central Academy of Sciences, the Northeast Institute of Aeronautical Industry was changed to be subordinate to the Central Scientific Research Commission, that is, the newly established Central Science and Technology Commission.

The Central Science and Technology Commission is directly subordinate to the Ministry of Science and Technology Industry of the Cabinet and belongs to the vice-ministerial level institutions, while the Central Academy of Sciences previously enjoyed a ministerial-level establishment that was banned, including the original Central Institute of Nuclear Physics, the Central Academy of Astronautics, the Central Computer Research Institute, the Central Machinery Research Institute, the Central Research Institute of Materials Industry, the Central Research Institute of Geology, the Central Academy of Aeronautics, the Yanjing Institute of Aviation Industry, the Northeast Institute of Aeronautical Industry, the Northeast Institute of Electronic Science, the Shanghai Institute of Electronic Science, the Yanjing Semiconductor Industry Research Institute, Northeast Shipbuilding Industry Research Institute, Northeast Automobile Industry Research Institute, Northeast Metallurgical Industry Research Institute, North China Metallurgical Industry Research Institute, Northwest Industrial Research Institute, Northeast Chemical Research Institute and other 122 research institutes nationwide are separated from the local and Central Academy of Sciences, directly subordinate to the Central Science and Technology Commission, and the rest of the scientific research institutions are directly merged into the provincial national universities.

Through this series of reforms, the Central Academy of Sciences completely broke away from the original political axe institutional system and became a social institution that reads the power of political axe operation, which is operated under the auspices of the Chinese Association for Science, and the main source of funding for the Chinese Association for Science is the patronage of the royal family.

Unlike private institutions, these national research institutes are mainly engaged in the research of basic theories and basic industrial processes, and they also accept the sponsorship of enterprises, cooperate with enterprises in researching new technologies and new process technologies, and provide theoretical technical support to enterprises.

In modern industry, the basic theory is very important, for example, the basis of the straightening single crystal production process is Yang. Tchaikrski's crystal theory, in the theory of mechanical process, there would be no modern CNC machine tools without the finite element theory of structural mechanics, and in the field of metallurgy, there would be no super steel and microcrystalline alloy without the theory of microcrystalline derivation.

The cooperation between Shen Fei and the Northeast Institute of Aeronautical Industry is still deep, including shock wave theory, small stretch string theory, delta wing aerodynamic coefficient are carried out by the two institutions together, in the development process of turbojet, turbofan, turboshaft and turboprop engine, Shen Fei is basically engaged in process research, and Northeast Aeronautical Research Institute is engaged in theoretical calculation and inference.

The possibility of technology exchange between companies is very low, unless it is the purchase of technology patents, but within the theoretical research institute, although the Northeast Institute of Aeronautical Industry and the Shanghai Institute of Aeronautical Industry have always been very important competitors, the exchanges between the two sides in the field of theory are still very frequent, and the Shanghai Institute of Aeronautics and Jiangnan Fudao Company is also an extremely important scientific research alliance, through the breakthrough and dissemination of theory, domestic companies have the foundation to expand scientific and technological and technological strength together.

Generally speaking, the empire is a relatively special country in the field of scientific research in the world, and the driving force to promote the progress of the empire's scientific research mainly comes from three aspects, namely, the state, enterprises, social institutions and universities, which are combined with each other and cooperate with each other to jointly promote academic theory, applied theory and applied technology research.

It is indeed a time of war, but with huge military spending and propulsion, the Empire's national investment in scientific research in 1940 will break through a new high, and for the first time it will account for 7% of the country's GDP.

This proportion is very, very high, which means that the total national scientific research expenditure of the empire in 1940 will exceed 17 billion yuan, even if you count the crazy country of Germany, the total scale of scientific research investment of the Chinese empire in this year is equivalent to the combined size of the seven countries of Britain, France, the United States, the Soviet Union, Germany, and Italy.

Of course, the total GDP of the Chinese Empire in 1940 was equivalent to that of the United States, Germany, and the Soviet Union combined -- Germany was very powerful, and after Germany annexed Austria and Czechoslovakia, coupled with the frenzied expansion of its military industry and its active preparations for war against the Soviet Union, its economic aggregate was in the process of frenzied surge, and in 1937 it had surpassed the extensive Soviet Union and jumped to the third place in the world.

Judging from the total scale of the entire light and heavy industry, China, the United States, Germany, and the Soviet Union are definitely the four major countries in the world, Britain and France are no longer good, and there is no Korea, Taiwan, and Northeast China merged into the calculation of output value, and the actual scale is even worse, and after 1933, it fell into a military competition with China, and the military was used to the extreme, and the damage to the economy was great, and in the period of 1938, it slipped behind Italy, ranking eighth in the ranking of China, the United States, Germany, the Soviet Union, Britain, France, and Italy, and was thrown away by Italy A large gap. It was chased by Brazil, which had developed rapidly in the following decade.

In 1938, China's total GDP was 1.83 times that of the United States, 4.6 times that of Germany, 6.3 times that of the Soviet Union, and 24.5 times that of the Soviet Union.

From this point of view, it is still a very glorious thing that Ben was able to survive until the second year, or even the third and fourth years, in the Third Sino-Chinese War.

As for the conclusion that China's overall strength is only about seven times that of China, and its military strength is only twice that of China, and the relative gap is not as large as during the Sino-Japanese War, so that in the end, it came to the conclusion that "the probability of defeating China is higher", then it can only be said that the subjective will of the base camp determined the results of its assessment, so it is the base camp that will tell nonsense with its eyes open.

In such a powerful China, Shenyang is the brightest jewel in the crown of China.

As the birthplace of modern and heavy industry in China, Shenyang has had a unique foundation from the beginning, and over the past three decades, it has also led China to become the world's most industrially leading country, as well as Northeast China and Liaoning Province to become the world's largest industrial regions.

In other words, Shenyang and the entire Northeast are too strong.

Even after nearly 30 years of implementation of the central government's balanced development plan, the total industrial and agricultural output value of the three northeastern provinces and the two provinces of the Far East still accounts for one-fifth of China's total output value, and one of the five northeastern provinces of Gachahar is equivalent to the whole of Germany.

Liaoyang is the steel capital of China, Haizhou is the textile industry center of Northeast China, Aurora is the world's largest shipbuilding industry city and port city, and is also the world's third largest financial city, Shenyang is the world's largest aircraft industry, semiconductor industry, machine tool machinery industry center, and is also the fourth largest textile city in Northeast China.

Shenyang already had a population of more than 13 million in 1933, the city was too big, Gu Weijun felt that the problem was getting more and more serious after coming to power, so he forcibly introduced a policy to split and relocate Shenyang's automobile industry and food industry to the south of the city, some to Changchun, and the chemical industry to Fushun.

Especially in Changchun, the central government began to strengthen Changchun's infrastructure investment in 1920 to share the industrial needs of Shenyang and at the same time lead the development of the entire Jilin Province.

Around Shenyang, the six districts and six counties of the entire Shenyang Prefecture, the central political axe has also made a lot of adjustments, including Yinzhou County and Fushun into Shenyang Prefecture, Faku and Kangping County are divided out, building a circular city for Shenyang, building a three-layer light rail around the city, and Shenbei County, Shennan County, Shendanbao County, Yinzhou County, Xinmin County, Fushun Zhili County, and Liaozhong Zhili County as the surrounding satellite cities of the entire Shenyang Economic Zone, especially the combination of Shenyang, Fushun, Yinzhou, and Liaozhong four regions, plus Liaoyang, Jinzhou, and Haizhou, A real Liaoning Province has been constructed, and Aurora Mansion is the gateway to this large industrial zone in Liaoning.

Through the major readjustment of the central authorities in recent years, Shenyang's development has grown significantly faster in recent years, especially under the impetus of the military industry.

This does not mean that the economy will deteriorate as soon as a war is fought, especially for a country like China, which is rich in labor resources and the country's overall strategic resources, as long as the war does not hurt the root cause and does not affect the domestic market demand and foreign import and export markets, the war will promote new economic growth in the country.

In 1939, the impact on China was relatively large, and by 1940, judging from the situation in the first quarter, the negative influencing factors were already very low, and the positive driving effect was even greater.

After Song Biao inspected Shenyang for half a month, many of his initial worries disappeared, and his biggest worry was whether China's semiconductor industry could maintain its advantages for a long time, and now it seems that there is no problem at all.

In the past five years, we will pay more attention, invest a little more, build a deeper foundation for education and scientific research, and cultivate more talents, with the rapid expansion of the entire world's semiconductor industry and market demand, once China occupies a sufficient foundation in the first-mover advantage, it will be difficult to shake this hegemony in the future.

For example, in the field of microprocessors, Dongdao has invested in 16-bit and 32-bit pre-research with the best research team, and the current progress is not very smooth, but it is not too bad.

Once this thing successfully makes a breakthrough, and it is seven or eight years or even ten years earlier than Europe and the United States, even if the gap widens later, it will be extremely difficult to shake the hegemony in the semiconductor and computer fields.

Shenyang's semiconductor industry is mainly concentrated in the southwest new area in the southwest of the city, close to Northeastern University and Northeast University of Technology, and the aviation industry is concentrated in the northeast of the city.

Because of the bad weather, the convoy slowed down for half an hour before arriving at the location of Shen Fei's company in the western district of Qipanshan, which is now part of Shenbei County and the southeast side of Shenbei County.

After Song Biao got off the car, accompanied by Jin Xiwu, chairman of Shenfei Company, Sir Ba Yuzao, chief designer of the P7 project (in the history of the Republic of China, died in 1929 by the assassination of the Japanese spies) and Chen Qicai, he went to the Shenfei Scientific Research Center Building, where he met with more than 40 important chief engineers and senior engineers.

Shen Fei's special-grade and senior engineers are generally not from great scientists, but they generally have doctorates and master's degrees, and the most important thing for their group of people is always the combination of practical experience and theoretical knowledge, of course, some of them are masters in the field of domestic aviation theory.

For example, Ba Yuzao, he is a compatriot of the Mongolian nationality, born in Zhenjiang in 1892, in the early years, he was selected to study mechanical engineering at Armstrong College in the United Kingdom, the first was to study shipbuilding, after the establishment of the empire, after the coordination and contact of the Chinese National Committee, he soon returned to China to serve, and then sent to study in the United States, transferred to the Department of Aeronautical Engineering during the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States, and after graduation, he was arranged to work as an engineer at Curtiss Company, in 1930, after completing the design of the P-40 fighter, He returned to China as a senior designer for Shen Fei, engaged in the secret development of the turbojet fighter P-6, and continued to serve as the chief designer of the P-7.

Because he couldn't go to the airport today to witness the test flight of the new prototype, Song Biao visited the two prototypes of the J-7 fighter plane in the scientific research center, and there were two prototypes, which basically showed that the aircraft was not far from the time to finalize and put into production, at least Song Biao thought so.

J-7 is the first turbofan fighter in China, but also the world's first turbofan fighter, plus the previous test in the J-6 and P series of more than 20 models of test machine testing, the empire has accumulated some very important experience in the field of aerodynamics, J-7 at the beginning of the design of the two sides of the air intake and belly, the lower belly of the aircraft three different air intake methods, wing design more ways, Shen Fei and the Northeast Aviation Industry Research Institute after the system of cavity testing, a total of four feasible schemes.

The development code of the J-7 is P-7, the P-6 in front is blank, and the P-4\5 represent two large series of test models.

Before the start of the project, the Air Force Staff had reported to Song Biao on the relevant work, and the plan was to develop a fighter aircraft with medium altitude speed as the core, taking into account both high-altitude and low-altitude surnames, which means that the surname of the aircraft must be balanced, and it can be used as the main fighter of the empire in the 50s, and J-6\8 is a supplement to the J-7 model.

Now the J-6 service test, the side strip wings on both sides of the aircraft can still continue to be enlarged, so the J-7 after a series of demonstrations to adopt a double-engine close distance on both sides of the air intake layout, the wing still inherits the J-6 small spread chord fixed on the wing design, but the side strip wing is larger, the tapered torsion wing design and the leading edge flap, the trailing edge flap, the J-6 wing knife is canceled, the overall characteristics still emphasize the high subsonic combat surname ability, and at the same time require extremely high altitude surname ability.

In order to further enhance the ability of close combat, the double-engine close-range arrangement is also selected in the double release bureau, which is not conducive to the static stability of the aircraft, but is conducive to static instability, so it is necessary to increase the transverse program-controlled computer, and use the leading edge flap to statically compensate the aircraft for stability.

In the scientific research center, the two prototypes that Song Biao saw were both laid out like this, the only difference was that one might be slightly larger, with a higher nose and a lower belly, which meant that the aircraft was thicker and heavier, which was not good for fighting and good for range.

He stood on a ten-meter-high steel platform and looked down, and the difference in the shape of the two prototypes was unobstructed, and from his point of view, the size of the side wing and the leading edge flap were also different, and the middle width of the trailing edge flap was different, so the trailing edge flap of one was an arc-shaped structure.

Because it is a turbofan engine, the structure of the rectangular air intake is significantly more complex, and the air intakes are larger.

Song Biao took a general look and felt that it was still very good, if this aircraft could be put into service within five years, it would definitely be the first-class leading class in the world.

It is unknown when he will be able to serve, Song Biao asked Chairman Jin Xiwu, who was accompanying him, Jin Xiwu himself is also a senior engineer of Shenfei Company, and he knows this project very well, but he doesn't dare to answer.

There was suddenly a strange silence on the entire platform.

After waiting for a few minutes, Sir Ba Yuzao, the chief designer of the project who accompanied Song Biao, replied: "It is still difficult to serve in five years, and there are several problems that need to be solved gradually, first of all, the problem of the turbofan engine of Northeast Heavy Industry, which can be used at present, the defect is that the life is a little too short, as far as the P7 is currently undergoing several tests, some parts of aluminum alloy and nickel-chromium alloy are still lacking some special surnames, and the development of titanium alloy and niobium alloy has been going on, but the difficulty in this is also very great." ”

Song Biao sighed a little disappointed.

He made an estimate when approving the P7 project, the American F-15 fighter also began to be developed in 1965, and the first prototype was produced in 1972, in fact, with the strength of the United States, it already had the production capacity of F-15 in the early 60s, the problem is that the United States itself made a lot of mistakes, from World War II to the Vietnam War, it has not deliberately emphasized the surname of martial arts, and has long been suppressed by MiG fighters with poor technical strength in the Air Force.

It was not until 1968 that the United States made up its mind to change the situation, and in 1972 the production of the F-15 prototype was completed, and in 1974 it entered service.

The technological gap between the empire and the United States in 1960 is mainly in the field of niobium-titanium alloy, in the field of aluminum alloy and nickel-chromium alloy, the empire started relatively early in the field of niobium-titanium alloy, and in 1930 it officially carried out the development of niobium-titanium alloy in a number of metallurgical research institutes.

On a turbofan engine, even the first generation turbofan engine uses at least 20 kinds of nickel, niobium, titanium, chromium, aluminum, and low-silicon series alloys, and everything else is fine, and the only relatively weak thing in the empire is the niobium-titanium series of alloys.

This is also a very difficult thing, because the titanium alloy itself is very difficult to do, from 1930 to 1940, the empire alone in the field of titanium metallurgical industry investment in research funds of up to 300 million yuan, in the country there are six metallurgical research institutes specializing in the research of titanium technology, until 1937 there was a preliminary industrial breakthrough.

From the breakthrough of titanium metallurgy to the development, research and testing of titanium alloy, there will be at least ten years of cycle in the middle, especially the surname can test and process strengthening test takes too long, the alloy is out, but under what temperature and pressure processing can ensure the strengthening of the surname, in order to more effective processing, more complicated than how to deal with the welding process of titanium alloy?

The empire has invested a lot of human and financial resources in this field over the years, but there is really no reliable fixed answer to this kind of thing in scientific research.

Whether the P7 project can be successful in the end, whether it can successfully meet the requirements of the military, or depends on whether the turbofan engine can be more stable and stronger, and the manufacture of the fuselage also requires a large number of titanium alloys, the current test has proved that the aluminum alloy can only be maintained in the working environment below 150 degrees in the high-altitude and high-pressure environment, and there will be more serious deformation if the fuselage structure and support are made of nickel-based alloys, and the weight of the aircraft will seriously exceed the standard. In the end, just like the MiG-25, it has a good aerodynamic layout and high speed, and the overall overweight is powerful, but it still can't have both close and high-martial arts capabilities.

In addition, because the design of the dual-engine close-range arrangement is not conducive to the static stability of the aircraft, the idea of using a single-chip microcomputer and microcomputer program control for automatic adjustment and compensation in lateral stability is wonderful, but it is extremely difficult to practice.

After a hunch that the P7 would be difficult to enter service in a short period of time, Song Biao was a little disappointed, but he was not in a hurry, because in the foreseeable five to ten years, the J-6 with the second-generation turbojet engine still has a monopoly dominant position in the world, which is enough to win about ten years of research cycle for the P7.

For early jet fighters, a research cycle of more than ten years is indeed sufficient.

After the success of the P-3 project, Song Biao met Ba Yuzao once, and personally awarded him the title of Baron of the First Class.

He still has a deep impression of Ba Yuzao, although he hopes that the P7 project can be successful immediately, but the development of science and technology must have its objective laws, and it is useless to pull out seedlings to help them grow.

Song Biao did not look very anxious, but reassured Ba Yuzao and Jin Xiwu and others: "We want to design a world's highest-level jet fighter, and it is an epoch-making fighter, it is worth spending a little more time, if you are in a hurry and fall behind after just a few years of service, it will definitely be worse." ”

After a slight pause, he still encouraged Ba Yuzao alone: "Don't worry, take your time, and do your best." ”

Ba Yuzao bowed down and thanked him: "The emperor is sage." ”

Song Biao teased him very interestingly: "I am a very holy emperor, and you are also a very smart chief designer, we cooperate seamlessly, and China is invincible in the world." ”

Everyone laughed happily when they heard this, but Ba Yuzao replied in a panic: "Thank you for the emperor's praise, the people will do their best to share the worries of the country and the emperor." ”

Song Biao bowed slightly, since this plane is basically impossible to use in World War II, he doesn't need to pay too much attention, it's good to be able to take off and serve, but if he can't serve, the empire is not in urgent need for the time being, so he pointed to the front and motioned for everyone to accompany him to continue to visit the front.

Along the way, Song Biao also took this opportunity to ask Ba Yuzao and other senior engineers about some new technologies, as well as some major obstacles in the domestic aviation industry at this stage.

Overall, the biggest obstacle at the moment is in the field of materials.

Thanks to the long-term cultivation of Project 201, the level of research in the field of materials of the empire is about ten to fifteen years higher than that of Britain and the United States, even so, as the empire began to enter the development stage of a higher level of turbofan fighters, basic industrial research still showed some shortcomings.

For example, the rear axle of the high-pressure shaft of the high-pressure compressor, the 3% chromium-molybdenum single crystal steel used in the J-6 turbojet-5 engine is not very suitable, but this is already the strongest material in the domestic pressure resistance, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and this shaft steel also involves a more complex material selection problem of the turbine high-pressure shaft.

Why the F-15 was not developed until the 70s, there are many problems, and the biggest constraint is the material.

As for the use of 3% chromium-molybdenum single crystal steel, is it possible?

Yes, it is completely possible, but its temperature is too high, and the corrosion resistance and deformation resistance coefficient under high temperature and high pressure are not up to standard, and the overhaul time and total life will be very short, two hundred hours...... Even a hundred hours have to be replaced.

Why were airplanes researched and built so quickly during the war?

A very important reason is that the material factor is small, and it does not matter if the life is short, because there is a 70% probability that the fighter produced in wartime does not exceed the life of two hundred hours.

It should be said that the scale of the empire's research investment in the field of materials is still very amazing, the combination of countries and enterprises, the total scale of R&D investment in the past two decades is more than the United States, Germany and Britain combined, in the entire materials discipline, metals are only a small part after all, such as semiconductors, rare earths, plastics, silicon, chemical fibers, graphite and carbon fiber, ceramics, resins...... and other materials, in the research of the entire field of large materials, the empire occupies a high international dominant position.

Materials and fuels are the basis of the entire world's industry.

If the material does not go up, everything will be free to talk.

These problems encountered during the development of the J-7 are enough to show that there is still a lot of room for development in the field of materials science in the empire, and there are still many problems to be overcome.

In addition to inspecting the development projects of the J-7 fighter plane, the S-20 large turbofan transport plane, and the Su-5 high-altitude and high-speed reconnaissance plane, Song Biao also inspected several other ongoing research and development projects of the Shenfei Company.

In the past few years, the J-5 series Tiger Shark fighter, the J-6 jet fighter, the S-10\15 transport aircraft and their series of aircraft, and the first generation of Z-3 helicopters officially in the army's large-scale service are all representative products of Shenfei Company.

Because the production capacity cannot keep up with the demand, the production of the J-5 Tiger Shark series fighters has been subcontracted to Taiyuan Aircraft Manufacturing Company, Tianjin Aviation Machinery Company and Yanjing Aircraft Construction Machinery Company, while the Shenfei headquarters concentrates on the production of J-6, and other companies also produce spare parts according to standards.

The S-20 large turbofan transport aircraft project is still competing with the S-30 project of Jiangnan Fudao Company, and both sides are striving to give priority to the launch of a real prototype, but the problem of the two companies is the same, both sides are subject to each other's turbofan engines.

The earliest turbojet engine of the empire was born in Jiangnan Fudao company, which was a relatively simple centrifugal structure at that time, and later introduced the axial flow design structure from Germany, the first generation of axial turbojet-3 engine was designed and produced in Northeast Heavy Industry, after which, Jiangnan Fudao cooperated with Fuzhou Heavy Industry to produce the second generation of single-rotor afterburner axial turbojet engine, while Northeast Heavy Industry was a twin-rotor afterburner axial turbojet, and then the road was completely different.

In the process of studying turbofan engines, Jiangnan Fudao and Fuzhou Heavy Industry parted ways, the former took the single-rotor front fan afterburner axial flow turbofan engine, and adopted the high-pressure ratio design, while the latter took the single-rotor rear fan afterburner axial flow of the low-pressure ratio design, and Northeast Heavy Industry took the double-rotor afterburner front fan high-pressure ratio design.

This makes the empire have three different turbofans at the same time, and in the S-30 plan launched by Jiangnan Fudao Company, Jiangnan Fudao directly chose turboprop engines, and Shenyang Curtiss Company, a subsidiary of Northeast Heavy Industry, continued to use turbofan engines, because the S-20 has plans to transform into a bomber, and after transformation, it will directly become a new generation of long-range bombers, while the latter has plans to transform into large passenger aircraft.

In fact, both companies have a bit of a feeling of going the wrong way, but it is also a problem of thinking and prediction that will be encountered during this era, whether it is Northeast Heavy Industry, or Jiangnan Fudao, or Fuzhou Heavy Industry, the three aviation industry giants do not think that jet airliners are necessary.

From this point of view, the S-15 of Northeast Heavy Industry is indeed China's last generation of propeller transport aircraft, and the double-row 24-cylinder star-shaped air-cooled engine it uses has also reached the limit level of propeller transport aircraft, and the huge fuselage and aviation fuel load also make it the first large transport aircraft that can directly fly over the Pacific Ocean and cross China and the United States.

If all goes well, the Empire's current R&D plans can finally be successfully completed before 1945, and the overall level of the Empire's aviation industry will completely surpass that of Europe and the United States, roughly equivalent to the level of Britain and the United States and other countries around 1955. It was not until about 1948 that the Luo company began to develop the first generation of turbofans, while the empire was about a decade earlier.

Ten years ahead, this cycle is very important.

Of course, as soon as these secret development plans of the Empire are made public, Britain and the United States will certainly speed up the pace and launch relevant projects to compete with the Empire, and they will be able to realize this plan almost before 1950.

Generally speaking, the overall scientific and technological level of the empire at this stage is more than five to ten years ahead of Britain, the United States, Germany, and the Soviet Union, and the largest lead is still in the electronics, semiconductor, and missile industries.

After Song Biao inspected the Northeast, he has been thinking about a question, that is, whether this advantage can be expanded.

The easiest way to do this is to continue to invest more in scientific research, but what else?

Song Biao's thinking is that there is no other more effective way, scientific research is the pillar of human progress, but also the pillar of national progress, and the source of this pillar is education.

At this stage, the scale and proportion of China's political axe and enterprise investment in the field of scientific research have reached the limit under normal circumstances, and China's political axe and enterprise investment in scientific research and education are the highest degree of model in the world, even the United States can not compare, only from the proportion of investment, Germany in the proportion of investment in education and scientific research is at the same level as China, and China's strength relative to Germany is that the total economic volume is larger.

To further promote the development of education and scientific research in China, there is still room for social institutions.

The Royal Academy of Sciences and the Inner Court Education and Research Society are undoubtedly the most powerful of the social institutions, and in the past few decades, the royal family's spending on Chinese education and research has indeed been large, but a large part of the investment has been concentrated in the nuclear industry and nuclear weapons, and it is indeed time to change that.

(To be continued)