Liu Che looked at the newly replaced candle wall lamp in the dormitory, full of malicious speculation, the eternal sentence of the Tang Dynasty poet Li Shangyin in the previous life, "Why should he cut the candles in the west window", I am afraid that it will never appear again.

The reason why the people of the Tang Dynasty wanted to "cut the candle" was only because the wick of the candle was made of cotton thread at that time, standing upright in the center of the flame, and because it could not be burned out and charred, the end of the remaining candle core had to be cut off with scissors from time to time. Liu Che, on the other hand, used the technique of later generations to weave a wick made of three cotton threads, so that the wick would naturally loosen when burning, and the end would be just warped to the outside of the flame, so that it could be completely burned. Therefore, the scene of "candle cutting" will never be reproduced on the land of the Central Plains.

Liu Che, who was originally poisoned by the novels in his mental library, always believed that cotton was introduced to China from India in the Tang Dynasty (about the seventh century AD) and began to be planted, and that there were no cotton products in the Han Dynasty, so it was impossible to make cotton wicks. Just when he gave up his plan to make candles, he stumbled upon the legendary "white cloth".

Frightened, Liu Che hurriedly recruited the steward of the Shaofu Weaving Office to inquire carefully, only to know that the Western Regions had already begun to plant cotton, "the grass is as solid as a cocoon, and the cocoon is fine, and the name is Bai Diezi." It was only because the ruling class of the Central Plains believed that Bai Diezi was a "disaster of grains and vegetables" and that there was a risk of encroaching on fertile land, that it was not vigorously promoted. In the land of Guanzhong, the powerful cultivated it in small areas, and even made it into white folded cloth, often cut into blue batik cotton cloth, white cloth trousers, and handkerchiefs, for the use of the high-ranking servants in the nobles' mansions, who were not slaves, so that they could distinguish themselves from the commoners who wore their natural linen clothes.

Liu Che stroked the blue and white cotton cloth presented by the weaving room, this cloth is plain, the warp and weft density is eighteen and thirteen per centimeter, and the printing technology of the pattern has a high level. Obviously, the handmade cotton weaving in the early Han Dynasty was relatively mature, but it lacked some deseeding and cotton spinning tools in later generations.

However, Liu Che would not rashly persuade Emperor Jing to promote cotton planting, you need to know the administrative order, and officials from all over the country can do anything bad for the sake of political achievements. In the new China of later generations, the so-called hometown of apples, there are definitely many mango counties, and the officials have hot heads, regardless of the actual situation, and work hard, how many peasant brothers have been miserable? !

Liu Che felt that he did not cross the domineering aura of the protagonist, and he still needed to plan well. To a certain extent, he also agrees with the attitude of the rulers of the past dynasties towards Bai Diezi -- vigorously promoting the cultivation of cotton and other cash crops before grain production rises to a certain level, which is a disaster of cereals and vegetables, which will have a great impact on the agricultural foundation and is an irresponsible political manifestation!

As for the production of candles, Liu Che is extremely attentive. Before the advent of the electricity era, candles will always be the most important lighting tool for human beings, and its convenience, safety, and less smoke are destined to soon overwhelm other lighting appliances such as oil lamps. Even in the later generations with the rapid development of high technology, although people no longer use candles in their daily lives, they give it more color, such as couples' appointments, birthday dinners, mourning for the dead, prayers for the future, etc., especially in the commemoration and celebration, people will light candles. In addition, candles are often used as a tool for physical or chemical experiments.

Candles originated from torches in primitive times, when primitive people applied things such as fat or wax to the bark or wood chips, tied them together, and made torches for lighting. In the pre-Qin antiquity, some people tied mugwort and reeds into a bunch, and then dipped some grease and lit it for lighting, and later someone wrapped a hollow reed with cloth and poured pine oil into it to ignite.

In the early Han Dynasty, there were actually candles with cores in the true sense, but they were not popularized. Candles made of animal fat were disdained by the powerful because of the glycerin in them, and when they burned, the flame was smoky and smelly. The common people are reluctant to use it, compared with animal fat, it is obviously much more cost-effective to buy some cheap vegetable lamp oil.

As for royalty and top nobility, candles made of beeswax were used. The so-called beeswax in the early Han Dynasty was not similar to the beeswax made by Western beekeepers, but amber from later generations. Whenever Liu Che saw those natural amber worth thousands of gold being ignited, his liver hurt as if he had been cut off with a knife.

Among the tributes offered by the Nanyue Kingdom are candles, and when the fire is forbidden during the Cold Food Festival, Huang Yanjing will reward the officials above the marquis and the high-grade officials with candles, the number is scarce, and even the Weiyang Palace usually lights the oil lamps.

As a master's degree in chemical engineering, making candles is really simple for Liu Che. Just switch to a candle made of stearic acid, which not only has a bright flame when burning, but also has almost no black smoke and does not pollute the air. Stearic acid is a white substance that feels greasy to the touch, and candles made from it have a soft texture and are inexpensive. And Liu Che's most easily obtained stearic acid today is a special product from a petroleum refinery - paraffin.

Paraffin wax is a sheet or needle-like crystal obtained from the lubricating oil fraction obtained from crude oil distillation through wax freezing crystallization, pressing and dewaxing, and then solvent deoiling and refining. Liu Che's previous purpose of manufacturing paraffin wax was mainly used to make tarpaulins and other moisture-proof and waterproof surface coatings. You must know that once the navy of the Han Empire is formed, the warships will inevitably have to go on a long-term ocean voyage, and it is really reluctant to rely on the tung oil paint made by the ancient method. Seeing that other traversers could easily make a global expeditionary fleet, Liu Che was really impressed. Nowadays, paraffin wax can be used as the main raw material for candles, just add a little mineral to increase the melting point and softness.

Liu Che obviously doesn't just produce candles for lighting, which is not at all in line with his original surname of goose plucking. The candles of the Han Empire spanned several stages of development, and the craft candles of later generations directly appeared. The craft candles made by Liu Che are divided into two categories: jelly craft candles and incense craft candles. Not only add ingredients to show a variety of colors, the shape is also made into various forms, which can integrate new surnames, decorative surnames, ornamental surnames, and functional surnames.

In just a few days, in the Seven Tricks Exquisite Pavilion, delicate candlesticks were placed in the middle of all the dining tables, with spiral-shaped bamboo wax, shining. And there are many more containers and vessels in the sky, and water is poured into them, and the bleaching wax is placed on the water, and it floats on the water, and it has a special mood under the dim candlelight.

In the newly completed Taobao Zhai of Beique Jiadi, Uncle Tian Sheng is smiling and receiving the princes who came to visit and investigate. Since the establishment of the Royal Industrial Group, he had been worried that His Royal Highness the Crown Prince would leave the Tian Business Group behind, until His Royal Highness brought Taobao Zhai, which was responsible for selling candles and candlesticks, under his banner, and finally put his mind at ease.

Liu Fei, chairman of the Royal Industrial Group, clearly conveyed the prince's intention that the group will not be engaged in the retail industry and low-end service industry in Naraushizi in the future, but will mainly engage in large-scale basic industries and infrastructure construction, such as road construction, smelting, chemical industry, salt production, etc., as well as high-end hotels such as Royal Leisure Villa. The reason for this visit to Taobao Zhai is to make final negotiations for the upcoming logistics industry and today's business giant Tian's Commercial Group.

After an in-depth conversation with the crown prince Liu Che, Liu Fei fully realized the important surname and the great "money" scene of the logistics industry. Especially after the first asphalt avenue of the Han Empire was paved in the royal manor, Liu Fei affirmed that this kind of high-quality and inexpensive road would be strongly recognized by the emperor's father, and it would be quickly paved to the major towns of the Han Empire.

This will be followed by the large-scale circulation of goods triggered by the convenient transportation mentioned by the prince, and the so-called logistics industry will become a huge source of revenue. Therefore, the princes who fully control the decision-making power of the Royal Industrial Group unanimously approved Liu Fei's proposal to establish "Imperial Logistics", and strive to set up a fast and convenient logistics industry as soon as possible, and the safety of goods guaranteed by the royal family and the top elites of the Han Dynasty.

Because Tian Sheng did not know Liu Che's forward-looking plan for the logistics industry, he was very surprised by Liu Fei's suggestion. This Rausch "Imperial Logistics" is clearly a dart game, the royal family wants to help merchants transport goods by darts, what kind of world is this? Tian Sheng suddenly felt that his three views were completely ruined, and he was speechless. Seeing this, Liu Fei's heart couldn't help but be full of banter, it seems that this Tian Sheng is nothing more than that. In Liu Fei's eyes, the crown prince Liu Che can convince him, as for Tian Sheng, who is in charge of Tian's business group, it seems that he can't be on the stage for the time being.

Of course, Liu Fei did not have the slightest consciousness of preaching and teaching to solve doubts, and in accordance with the pre-drawn regulations, he signed a standardized contract with Tian Sheng. This standard contract was made by Liu Fei according to the template made by the crown prince Liu Che, and after careful consideration, it was supplemented one by one. Nowadays, the Tian Commercial Group and the Royal Industrial Group have long used this kind of well-defined contract, and it has even been widely used in the bulk transactions of Chang'an City through the hands of other merchants.

Subsequently, Tian Sheng hosted a banquet for the princes in the palace to celebrate the completion of the signing. According to the contract, Royal Express will undertake the transportation business of bulk goods under Tian's Commercial Group, ensuring fast and safe delivery to the destination; Tian's Commercial Group will pay a considerable escort fee according to the distance and the value of the goods. The most important thing is that Tian Commercial Group can provide the corresponding premium according to the value of the goods, and in the event of a mistake in the goods, Royal Express must pay up to 10 times the premium.

Tian Sheng's face was full of joy, and he was happy that he used a little money to hug his big thick legs. With the support of the entire royal family, the goods of the Tian business group will be unimpeded within the territory of the Han Empire. Since Liu Fei repeatedly promised that he would never be involved in the retail industry and low-end service industry engaged in by Tian's Commercial Group, Tian Sheng also swore in return that Tian's would never be involved in the logistics industry of Narauszi.

Liu Fei, who succeeded in his plan, proudly announced the results of the negotiation at the board meeting of the next day, and took great pains to describe the oath made by Tian Sheng, and ordered someone to write it down in detail and keep it properly. Liu Che, who was present at the board of directors, smiled bitterly and shook his head, as if he saw the turtle uncle's remorseful appearance.

Sure enough, in Tian Sheng's future life in the business world, he mentioned this reckless oath with remorse countless times, and bluntly said that Tian's Business Group lost its qualification to enter the logistics industry and lost astronomical benefits. Liu Fei, the lifelong honorary chairman of the Royal Industrial Group, has been biting Tian Sheng's oath and threatened several times that once Tian Sheng violates his oath, he will use the power of the Royal Industrial Group to fight with Tian's to break the net.

In the next 1,000 years, Royal Industrial Group has been excluding Tian's Commercial Group from the logistics industry on the grounds of ancestral training. Even when the interstellar era came, "Imperial Logistics" faced the dilemma of a serious shortage of capacity, there was no sign of relenting.

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