Despite this, Ding Zhihuang believes that those who are officials should not be discouraged, but should clean themselves and make a difference. The world is chaotic, and the Qing scholars see it", "by virtue of this official power, to be virtuous to the people". For the purpose of being an official, Ding Zhihuang admired Confucius's "learning and excellence" and Mencius's "learning at a young age, and being strong and wanting to do it", hoping that he could "learn what he has learned, and rise and fall in order to save the people", because "if the virtuous people advance, the people's livelihood will be successful", he believes that as long as there are good officials and clean officials, the people of Li can live a good life, "to be an official should be to love the people and support the people as the first priority, that is, the so-called people who serve the country are nothing more than this, covering the people as the foundation of the country, and cultivating the people's morale is to cultivate the national line." Win the hearts of the people, the people's morale is not chaotic, and the country is in peace, which is to serve the country. …… It is important to be aware of this at all times and act on it with determination. Do not do anything to the people, and do not think to the people. Whoever is harmful to the people, he will do his best to get rid of it. Those who are good for the people will seek it with all their hearts. I have killed myself, and the people love me and will not forget ......" He often admonished himself to "work hard to be a good official and do good deeds."

Ding Zhihuang admonished himself to "work hard to be a good official", and he did so, but his "hard work" is not good news for the people.

Ding Zhihuang was born in an era when the rivers were declining and the country was declining, and he was more interested in "corrupt officials in the world than robbers; As a feudal minister, he can get out of the sludge without being stained, "worry about the world, and not take the position as pleasure", honest and honest, and his way of being an official embodies the glorious ideas of Confucianism of "protecting the people", "raising the people", and "teaching the people", which can be said to be the value of his thoughts, but when it comes to concrete practice, it is beyond recognition.

Because the set of theories in his mind does not have any operability at all now!

In Ding Zhihuang's theory, officials serve the court and the people. They should pretend to be the people first and then themselves. This is what the Confucian scriptures teach, but as a whole, officials pursue their own interests. They pretend to be themselves first in their hearts, and if there is any surplus, then they will decorate the people by the way. If it's too crowded, forget it. It's not a matter of one or two people's morality, it's universal human nature.

The theories of Confucianism, which had been emasculated by the Song and Ming dynasties, provided an attractive vision for the people of this era. As far as society is concerned, as long as everyone abides by the teachings of the saints, the society will be in order and achieve great harmony. For individuals, if you work yourself, you will reach the realm of "sainthood". What Dante Zhihuang will not know is that the saint's "preserving heavenly principles and destroying human desires" is actually unrealizable. Because it only recognizes moral education, but does not admit that the fundamental driving force that governs the functioning of society is profit. It requires people to restrain themselves at all times, walk on the tightrope of "heavenly principles", but regard "human desires" as enemies. As a result, it lacks operability from the foundation.

"Preserving the principles of heaven and destroying human desires" is itself a terrible spiritual treaty. Or a well-intentioned scam. The signing of this treaty means that a person must be at war with the "self" at all times in his life, and squeeze a living natural person into a moral specimen. Almost all of them swore that they would "be saints and sages", but the vast majority of them gave up halfway, and they went against the good and the bad, and carried out smuggling under high-sounding pretexts, which became a "homesickness" to say one thing and do another. Only a very small number of people with special talents can be victims of this treaty with extraordinary mental strength.

And Ding Zhihuang is such a wonder.

Ding Zhihuang believes that being an official "is particularly exemplary", "must be fair, be honest, be diligent and speedy, and be careful in asking questions", and "it is urgent to be compassionate to the people, to be compassionate to the people in everything, and to be virtuous". He believes that "if you are confused about profit, you will be immersed in prostitution for a long time, and there will be people who are greedy and ignorant." Therefore, he also specially instructed his son Ding Tichang: "If you want to be an official, you must first establish a foothold from now on, and you must not follow the flow of those who are disheartened and ignorant at this time, only care about the current liveliness, and do not think about the corruption of your descendants, which is the most instructed!" ”

Ding Zhihuang believed that the unhealthy practices that were prevalent in officialdom at that time, such as gifts for birthdays and money for the quarterly filial piety of subordinates to their superiors, were corrupt phenomena and must be resisted. "All the festivals and seasons are unacceptable. …… If you accept bad rules, you can't ask yourself, how can you treat others? And the state and county send bad rules, which are nothing more than taken from the people. One of the prefectures and counties is taken, and the prefectures and counties are taken from the ten of the people. After thinking about the catastrophe, why do you still endure such a hurtful and cruel abuse of the people? If you ask your heart at midnight, you will be afraid of the sky. "When the word is profitable, cut off the roots, and intend to be a clean official, and future generations will receive infinite blessings." …… To go to the festival and harvest the seasonal rules, it is still not a robbery but a thief (a thief who wears through the wall), which is a thief. A person must have a heart of patience in order to become a good person. …… That is, it is poor for a while, and it is difficult to find a clear name, and it is worth millions, so why not do it? …… Poverty is not disease, poverty is a gentleman, the sage tastes it, and he should take it as his own practice......"

When it comes to the cultivation of being an official, Ding Zhihuang believes that a competent and good official must "know the affairs of the time, be good at reading, be full of ancient knowledge, see and hear more and more, keep more and more determined, and become more and more knowledgeable. He believes that in order to prevent corruption and resist corruption, we must first stay away from corruption and keep ourselves clean. In addition to going to the yamen, it is still better to close the house all day long, read, write, compose, and write poems. He admonished his son Ding Tichang to "sleep in the morning and worry about the people"; "not frightened by humiliation, flattered"; We must "be prepared for danger in times of peace", and do not "forget worries in happiness"; We must be indifferent to the ups and downs of the sea and personal gains and losses, but we must pay attention to our own personality and clean conduct. He said: "As an official, my ambition is to be the monarch and the people, and he has nothing to ask." Officials can be deposed by participation, and they must not follow the customs, and harm themselves physically and mentally, and shame future generations! ”

After Ding Zhihuang took office as governor of Shandong, he practiced what he preached, and under his vigorous and resolute actions, the atmosphere of Shandong officialdom was indeed much more "upright", but what followed was extremely low administrative efficiency and the embarrassment of financial revenue.

Ding Zhihuang has always believed that scholars are all disciples of Confucius and Mencius, and their starting point for entering the government should be to follow the way of Confucius and Mencius, and should not be for their own selfish interests. Therefore, his abolition of the bad rules of accepting and accepting and maintaining the "low salary" of the ancestral system are just conducive to the officials to "temper their temperance" and "maintain righteousness", which is exactly the so-called "preservation of heavenly principles and destruction of people's desires".

The low salary system is actually a political tradition based on Confucianism in China and Turkey, but the problem is that on the one hand, the official salary is so low that sometimes it is not enough to maintain normal expenses, and on the other hand, the official standard, the official is omnipotent, and the power of officials at all levels is not constrained, and there are almost no obstacles to formulating various local policies and carrying out all kinds of arbitrary fees.

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