"If people are no different from beasts, they will be settled in caves, drinking blood, and will not move for thousands of years. But people learned to drill wood for fire, learned to domesticate livestock, learned to cultivate, and turned wild animals into millet and rice. People also learned to cut wood for living, weave hemp silk, and burn clay for ceramics. All this seems to come from the wisdom of man over beasts, but behind this wisdom is desire, the desire to be free from threats such as hunger, thirst, cold, disease, beasts and natural disasters, and the desire to live a better life. ”

Speaking of this, Li Xian made a small difference and made a joke: "When people are not free from beasts, maybe there are cynics among beasts, and they will refer to this desire as greed, they will say, we birds and beasts have been like this for millions of years, as long as the beasts are alive, it is enough, why do you have to fiddle with strange skills and be greedy for extravagance?" You're going to abandon the beast system! Get lost! That's it, there are people, and those beasts who insist on Taoism are still monkeys and baboons. ”

The children laughed out loud, Li Kezai's eyes were dazzled, and he said in his heart, Father, your topic has flown out of the solar system and went straight to the vast galaxy.

Li Xi also realized that he was too far off topic, and the conversation turned back: "Why is selfishness subconsciously classified as evil by others?" Because selfishness and greed are often confused. The ancients said that everyone was competing to be greedy, and they were not tired of seeking, and the Western Catholic Church also listed greed as the original sin. In general, greed means to do more than what is needed, so where is the boundary of this 'need'? If we only have food and clothing, how different are we human beings from beasts, and there is no human existence. ”

"From the point of view of the golden mean of our Heavenly Dao, selfishness is not the problem, when desire exceeds the boundary of need, selfishness becomes greed, and the problem is on this line."

"All race to be greedy...... Notice the word 'competition' in this passage, you have also read Dante's "Divine Comedy", which says that the essence of greed is the desire to seek superiority over others through money or power. In other words, the essence of greed is 'superiority over others', so the boundaries of this need are not fixed, but strong and weak, and they change from time to time. Even if they are all wool and drinking blood, people will pick and choose, distinguish the advantages and disadvantages, even if they are all rich and beautiful, they also seek elegance and luxury, in order to win over others. ”

"Greed is only one side of the 'desire to win', and the other side is jealousy, which can be summed up by the word 'competition', which is also a part of selfishness, and even the original cause of selfishness pushing the continuous evolution of the world."

"In the world of three generations and the world of the ancients, people have not approached the sky, and the east and west live in a corner, regardless of it for the time being. The reason why the ancient world can enter the present world is that the east and west are close to each other, and people no longer live in the same corner. Why can things be close? It is because the Westerners have a winning heart, pushed by greed and jealousy, to seek the riches of the East. ”

"Spices, silk, porcelain, tea, is this what man needs? It's all luxury. Relying on the thirst for luxuries, the Westerners completed the voyage, discovered the Americas, found gold and silver deposits, and then came to the East to exchange these luxuries. With gold and silver, especially silver, the lion of silver money has become conscious in China, turning the original luxury into real wealth, and then pushing more and more commercial goods to flow, and people gradually have the root of self-reliance. ”

"We attribute selfishness to evil because selfishness brings greed, but greed alone is not pure evil, and even in terms of changes in the world, we should praise greed. So what is the reason why we subconsciously attribute greed to evil, and from there, also talk about selfishness as evil? ”

The reason is not selfishness and greed per se, but in the fact that they lead the human heart to the side of harm. As we said earlier, people regard all things in heaven and earth as external benefits, and the reason why people can become adults, and even the human world continues to evolve, is because they can approach the way of heaven with wisdom and strength, and constantly expand this external benefit. However, there is always a distinction between strong and weak people, so within the human group, there is a pattern in which the strong take the benefits of the weak for their own use. ”

…,

"If we regard man as a whole as a whole, including man and all things in heaven and earth, then the strong are like people, and the weak are regarded as all things in heaven and earth. The way of heaven should be in man, or the unity of heaven and man, can also be seen in this matter. ”

Speaking of which, Li Shi finally returned the topic from selfishness to human nature, and then to the world: "Why is human nature complicated? It is because it is not something that can be measured in one dimension, selfishness and selflessness, internal and external interests, heaven and man, man and man, each dimension has left and right extremes. The human world brought together by such human nature is a group that is constantly turbulent in many extremes. ”

"In this turmoil, we cannot get a glimpse of the changes in the world, and we cannot come up with a constant truth that can perfectly interpret history and lead the world towards a clear and equally perfect goal. We can only try to find a roughly close thread and then summarize it in the most concise words, which is our heavenly righteousness. ”

"The righteousness of heaven is not a dream, it just tells the world a direction, if we follow such a direction, in this increasingly turbulent evolution of the human world, we can reduce the chance of making mistakes, and even if we make mistakes, we still have the opportunity to remedy them, so as not to destroy everything and start all over again."

Li Xian looked at Li Kezai, who was still dazed, and asked: "I want to say so much today, so scattered, and the topic is so big, in fact, it still has to fall on our Yinghua country, Kezai, the human nature and the world just mentioned should be in the country, what do you think." ”

Li Kezai pondered for a moment and replied tentatively: "If the country is a person, the world is a small village, then it is more selfish than selfless. It is more important to occupy the position of the strong and take advantage of the weak. Although the aspect of approaching heaven and earth with wisdom and turning all things in heaven and earth into benefits cannot be ignored, the benefits are too slow. ”

"If you only look at the country itself, within the country, it is selfless. After all, public interests are limited, everyone competes, and in the end, the strong will eat up the weak, and the public interests will be taken for personal gain, and the country will return from the present world to the ancient world. ”

This is a sincere statement, which is easier to understand than Li Xian's dizzying metaphysics, Li Xi nodded and asked again: "These two layers can be seen together, according to this, public interests are still important in external interests." If the external benefits have been exhausted, or if the strength is exhausted and can no longer be taken, what will happen to my Huaxia? ”

Li Kezai hesitated, it was not easy to say this directly, Li Xian said: "Even if there is a thousand-year-old dynasty, there are changes in rise and fall, what will happen when it declines?" ”

Without waiting for Li Kezai to answer, Li Mingyun raised his hand and said: "The profit of the weak is gone, and we should take more profit from all things in heaven and earth!" ”

Li Shi nodded, and then said: "This is talking about the way of people who are close to heaven with wisdom, but this article asks, should human wisdom be for the country, or should it be for the entire human race?" ”

Li Mingyan blinked his eyes for a while, and said helplessly: "If it is craftsmanship (engineering), it should be for the country, but if it is mathematics, physics, and chemistry, it seems to be the business of the whole human race." ”

Yinghua has developed engineering, and master craftsmen abound, relying on these master craftsmen and the workshops they built, and the craftsman books they wrote, Yinghua is proud of the world in steel smelting, machinery, acid and alkali chemical industry, printing and dyeing and other industries. But I also have to admit that even though the Heavenly Dao Academy is self-reliant on the one hand and continues to introduce European scientists on the other, basic science is still catching up with Europe, and it only has sporadic leads in some basic disciplines related to the military. These basic sciences have no borders, and in this era, engineering is gradually moving away from the stage of craftsman experience and is increasingly influenced by basic science.

Li Xi smiled and said again: "In addition to human wisdom, there are some things that are different from the ancient world in this world, and if you compare the country to people, these are also the embodiment of selflessness. For example...... Benevolence, in this world, the country treats people with kindness, and this trend is becoming more and more clear. ”

"In the ancients, even if there were emperors seeking benevolence, it was the heart of the emperor, not the heart of the country. In the written law of the state, there are several levels of murder, and the series is endless. In today's world, Westerners have also set up various laws, and even set up juries, and convicting crimes without trial is illegal and unjust. And I, Yinghua, also greatly promoted the rule of law, broke the bloodline, and cut off the strain, people are not guilty without being judged by the legal department, and even I, the emperor, cannot cross the legal department and arbitrarily determine the life and death of people......"

…,

At the end of the words, Li Xi was a little insincere, he can still determine life and death at will, but just like the harem maid does not legally belong to him, this power is not something he can justifiably have, he can only achieve it through various small actions. And after the Anguo Yuan was handed over to the Central Court and the Political Affairs Hall, it was more difficult for him to make small moves. Of course, then again, there are really people who deserve to make Li wanton murderous, and the matter is too big for him to interfere with.

Throwing away this distracting thought, Li Xi said again: "Whether it is wisdom or benevolence, the countries that have entered this world are gradually connected, and in this, there is also a side of suppressing the strong and helping the weak, and connecting them as one. From this, we look at the selfish side of human nature within the country, allowing the country to seize external benefits and take the benefits of heaven and earth, and the selfless side of human nature, and promoting benevolence and virtue, and maintaining a country as a whole. But at the same time, selfishness still pushes the strong in the country to prey on the weak, and selflessness has the side of bullying the widow with the crowd and taking moral advantage over others, which is still a turbulent trend. ”

From the turbulent changes in human nature to the turbulent changes in the country and even the entire human race, Li Kezai finally grasped the main point of his father's scattered discourse: "So father, how to grasp this turbulent trend?" The great righteousness of heaven and earth should only be about how we hold the root in this turbulent situation, not the context of this situation. ”

Li Xian nodded happily, these scattered expositions are just foreshadowing, they are the elements under the main theory that he wants to talk about, and if these elements are not clarified, what comes out is a castle in the air.

"When I ascended the throne, I put the "Three Treatises on Heaven and Man" written by my teacher in the back position, to show that the emperor was half-born and half-inscribed, and his heart relied on the way of heaven. If you also learn from me that I don't make a queen, then I will be like a teacher, and I will put a book on your throne as well......"

Li Xi finally said the topic of his main thesis: "This book is about the rise and fall of the country and even the world, and the people of the country say that I will know three hundred years later, if I don't leave something, how can I be worthy of the name of this half-immortal." ”

Seeing Li Kezai's eyes wide, as if he thought he was going to come up with something great such as "leaking the heavenly secret", Li Xian smiled again: "My book is not a work of craftsmanship, you can do it according to it, and even after you understand it, you can't change too many things." I just hope that you will be a wise man and see the tide of the times. When he ascended the throne, he was still an emperor with real power, and only by seeing the situation clearly could he soberly decide how to use your power. ”

Li Kezai was awe-inspiring, kneeling down like a child, this is teaching and preaching, although the style of the British and Chinese world has changed greatly, but in major matters, to parents, teachers, still to keep the ancient rites.

Li Xian said: "My book is called ...... "Essay Ming", and the word civilization has many interpretations. "I Ching" said "see the dragon in the field, the world is civilized", "Shundian" said "Junzhe civilization, gentle and respectful", in modern times, more understanding of the culture and education, and the martial strategy. I add benevolence, law, virtue, and the wisdom of the world and the prosperity of manpower. Covering all kinds of the human world, when it is a supplementary meaning, there are Chinese civilizations, European civilizations, and it can also be summarized as a whole of people, and when it is a single meaning, it is the opposite of barbarians......"

Li Xian said the word "civilization", thinking of the fragments just mentioned, human nature, selfishness, selflessness, public interests, private interests, countries, ethnic groups, and even the trend of turmoil, Li Kezai's heart shook, this is the way of heaven.

In the Taihu Lake, under the east mountain, a small heavenly temple stands, Li Wei as in the past, out of the temple with crutches, came to a small forest behind the temple, the sparse forest is scattered, it is very quiet and elegant, there is a small grave under each tree, it is built up with white jade stone, it is not gloomy, it only feels solemn.

This is the public grave of the Heavenly Temple, also known as the meritorious forest, and Li Wei cleaned up the burned incense candles, withered flowers, and sacrificial ashes in the brazier in the cemetery. When he cleaned up a cemetery in the corner, his movements were softer, and his eyes were filled with deep sorrow, mixed with a hint of confusion. On the inconspicuous dark marble tombstone, the words "Tomb of Ai Yin Zhen" are engraved.

…,

"This is it!"

"Mr. Ai's grave is here, it's really hard to find!"

"It's so simple...... No, it's shabby! ”

"Shabby!? To be gorgeous is to insult Mr. Ai, and Mr. Ai alone is enough to go down in history forever! ”

As soon as he finished tidying up, a young voice sounded, and then a group of teenagers rushed to the grave, chattering. These teenagers were no more than fifteen or sixteen years old, and they should be middle school students, all of them in scarves and shirts, full of vitality.

A layer of anger had already risen on Li Wei's face, but when he heard the words behind him, the anger dissipated, and he whispered: "This is the Meritorious Forest, don't make a noise!" ”

The students immediately stopped talking, first bowed to Li Wei, and then waved around, apologizing to the souls that had been disturbed by them.

Looking at the students' Zhang Luo sacrifice, Li Wei was a little surprised, after Yinzhen's death, there was an endless stream of people who came to pay tribute, in addition to Manchurian relatives and friends, that is, some people in the press, it is rare to see young people in the school, and the accent is not Manchurian.

He couldn't help but ask, "Why do you want to pay tribute to Mr. Ai?" "Search Book House, Book House Hand Punch, Book House provides this book TXT download.

The students all shook their heads, thinking that Li Wei's question was too stupid, guarding Mr. Ai's tomb, but they didn't know what Mr. Ai was.

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