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Chapter 1750 Cutting-edge technology

On 1 September, An Yi left Chunxiang City and took a special plane to the southern tip of the Jinou Peninsula in the southern part of Wujiang Province to inspect the situation of the nuclear submarines under construction there. Pen % fun % Pavilion www.biquge.info

Ding Molan, vice president of the Syrian Research Institute, received the task of designing a nuclear submarine from An Yi as early as last year.

After making a breakthrough in the miniaturization technology of pressurized water reactors in nuclear power research, Ding Molan consulted Tesla for many difficult problems, and lived in the nuclear research institute for a week, and then set a general design direction for the ship research and development department, that is: nuclear energy is produced by nuclear reactors, and then ordinary devices are used to propel submarines.

Specifically, it is to start a nuclear reactor fueled by natural uranium, carry out a nuclear fission reaction, release a large amount of heat energy, and then use water or other heat carriers with a certain pressure to "carry" this large amount of heat energy and carry it to the evaporator, and the heat carrier is in the evaporator, and the heat carrier is transferred to the flowing water without radioactivity, so that the water evaporates into steam, and then drives the steam turbine unit to generate electricity.

Although the theory is so simple, it is much more difficult to develop it in practice than it can be imagined.

For example, the general nuclear reactor is surrounded by a total of five layers of treatment system, including the core coolant system, the emergency core cooling system, the coolant purification system, the containment vessel and the launch line waste disposal system, the structure is complex and bloated, but it is obvious that the miniaturized shipborne nuclear reactor cannot adopt such a complex design, and there must be a metal that can withstand high temperatures and absorb no or very little neutrons.

Ding Molan searched the Institute of Metals and the Institute of Special Materials, and personally participated in several experiments, and finally decided to use a metal called "zirconium" to make a nuclear reactor.

This "zirconium" metal was not first discovered and put into use in Nanhua, in fact, it was discovered as early as the 18th century, and "zirconium" was obtained from the laboratory in the early 19th century, but it was not pure enough. At the beginning of this century, two researchers from a metal white thermal lamp manufacturing plant in the Netherlands used anhydrous zirconium tetrachloride and excess metal sodium to fill an empty ball and heat it with electric current to obtain pure metal zirconium, but the yield was extremely low.

The Institute of Metal Research and the Institute of Special Materials have long studied zirconium, and in the metallurgical experiments carried out as early as the year before last, it was confirmed that adding one-thousandth of zirconium to the steel will increase the hardness and strength amazingly, and the steel containing zirconium, cannon forging steel, stainless steel and heat-resistant steel is an important material for the manufacture of weapons such as armored vehicles, tanks, cannons and bulletproof plates.

The world's most important natural zircon production area is in the four provinces of Caiyun, Tiannan, Hedong and Shannan in South China, in addition to a large number of distributions in northern Myanmar, which is the main component of gemstones such as ruby, emerald, cat's eye, etc., and another kind of zircon is produced as a by-mineral in various igneous rocks, and is more enriched in alkaline rocks and alkaline pegmatites.

After more than a year of research, the Institute of Special Materials has improved the industrial extraction method of zirconium, and zircon reacts with coke in an electric furnace to produce zirconium hydrocarbon, and then chlorination or oxidation reaction is carried out to generate zirconium tetrachloride or zirconium tetroxide. The next step is to reduce zirconium tetrachloride or zirconium tetroxide with magnesium, that is, magnesium is placed in an inert gas and through a series of chemical reactions to obtain spongy zirconium metal. After improving the smelting method, it costs about 10,000 US dollars to obtain one kilogram of metal zirconium, which is far lower than the price of one million US dollars per kilogram on the market.

However, even so, the construction of a 30,000-horsepower nuclear submarine with zirconium and zirconium alloy as a nuclear fuel package and pressure pipe is as high as 30 tons, so that a 30 million US dollars will have to be spent on at least the "zirconium" alloy. If a few more ships are built, it will cost hundreds of millions of dollars. Of course, since all production is in South China, only Chinese dollars are paid, and there is no need to use foreign exchange or gold.

Ding Molan is in charge of too many projects, for example, now, another research team led by her is studying how satellites fly in space, navigation, spacecraft rendezvous, ultra-long-distance spacecraft remote control, as well as human survival methods in a vacuum environment, how to move in weightlessness, lunar exploration methods, and other issues, and in the near future there is a plan to launch an experimental satellite into space again, and it is impossible to keep an eye on the manufacture of nuclear submarines at any time.

Therefore, Ding Molan suggested to An Yi that a department belonging to the Military Committee be set up, and then a shipbuilding expert should be hired to deal with matters related to the research and development of nuclear submarines. An Yi did not hesitate, and after a thorough investigation by the political and intelligence departments, Lieutenant Colonel Bai Ye, a shipbuilding expert in the General Logistics Department of the New York Maritime College, entered An Yi's sight.

After a half-day exchange with Bai Ye in person, An Yi officially appointed him as the director of the Naval Division of the Nuclear Power Development Department of the Research and Development Committee of the Military Commission, promoted to colonel, and concurrently served as the chief engineer of the nuclear submarine project. In order to carry out the project smoothly, he was also assigned to the Nuclear Energy Research Institute and the Ship R&D Department, and the Chinese researchers could be transferred after obtaining the consent of the heads of the two departments.

Bai Ye took office, visited Ding Molan for the first time, and got specific guidance from her, and then with the help of Ding Molan, nearly 200 experts were transferred from the Nuclear Research Institute and the Ship R&D Department to set up four special research teams to study pressurized water nuclear power plants, and these four teams were respectively designed and built by four military enterprises under the South Sichuan Group.

The four military industrial enterprises attached great importance to this, set up special research and development institutions, and separately hired Jewish experts in nuclear physics as consultants for the project team, and worked closely with the research team, and as a result, the Syrian military factory was the first to come up with nuclear power units. Since it was the first time they had built it, they decided to build an onshore model reactor for experiments. The experts in charge of this project at the Syrian military factory suggested that an experimental plant be built near the Lai Chau Institute of Nuclear Physics in northern Vietnam, where each part of the machine would be tested separately in the same plant, and after the experimental results were carried out by putting the parts together completely, a practical machine would be built according to the original design and loaded into the engine room of the submarine.

Bai Ye was adamantly opposed to this suggestion, and he demanded that the machine be loaded directly into the engine room of the submarine being built. Bai Ye emphasized to the contractor that according to An Yi and Ding Molan's requirements, the current Nanhua could not afford to wait for repeated tests, so after obtaining Ding Molan's consent, he decided to build two sets of nuclear facilities at the same time, one for the land experimental model, and the other directly into the submarine engine room, which could save a lot of time.

The next nerve-wracking question is where to choose the site of the nuclear submarine manufacturing plant. Although there is zirconium metal protection, the nuclear device will not have a large explosion, but any small accident, the nuclear material emitted may endanger the safety of the people, after many discussions, reported to An Yi for personal approval, and finally Bai Ye set up the nuclear submarine manufacturing base in the southern gate port of the Jinou Peninsula.

The Golden Ou Peninsula, located in the southernmost part of the Mekong Plain, faces the Malay Peninsula across the sea, the Golden Ou Point in the south of the Golden Ou Peninsula, and the huge bay formed between the Malay Peninsula, which was previously called the Gulf of Siam by the great powers, and later called the Gulf of Thailand, but now there is only one resounding name - Nanhua Bay. In a sense, Nanhua Bay is under the protection of the Anjia Air Force, which is located on the Malay Peninsula and the Jinou Peninsula, and has become the inland sea of Nanhua.

In the thirties, the Jinou Peninsula was completely covered by mangrove forests and freshwater swamp forests, and thousands of square kilometers were uninhabited, and it was not until last year that radar and missile bases were built in the southern part of the peninsula, breakwaters were built along the coast, ports were dredged, and roads were built. In real history, after World War II, most of the vast and sparsely populated area was controlled by the Viet Minh and Viet Cong guerrillas, and the Jinou Peninsula was gradually developed and utilized, but now there is obviously no such episode, because the entire southern part of the Jinou Peninsula has been set aside as a military management area, and it is difficult for ordinary people to take a step beyond the Lei Chi.

Daemun Port was originally a small fishing village, but the hydrological environment was quite suitable for the construction of a large military port and dockyard. Since the end of last year, after the nuclear submarine construction base was set up in Damen Port, the South China Government immediately organized the construction and used dredgers to build a port with wharves, breakwaters, loading and unloading equipment, docks, shipyards, and naval bases.

At the beginning of June this year, the No. 1 dock of the nuclear submarine manufacturing plant officially began construction of the first nuclear submarine.

At the time of the selection of the site of the nuclear submarine manufacturing plant, the nuclear power unit of the Luzhou Iron and Steel Company was also successfully developed. Although both use pressurized water reactors, there are significant differences in details. In order to distinguish between the two, the military council named the land experimental model built by the Syrian military factory as Unit 1, and installed in the engine room of the submarine as Unit 2; The onshore experimental model of Luzhou Iron and Steel Company is reactor A, and the reactor B installed in the engine room.

After the two nuclear submarines were put into construction one after another, the No. 3 and No. 4 boat installations designed by the Yunnan Electric Company and the Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Factory were also confirmed, and the project was officially approved and construction began. As a result, the entire southern part of the Jinou Peninsula has become the base camp for the development of nuclear submarines of the South China Navy.

According to the usual construction procedure of submarines, there should be a wooden model outside the land model pile, and all the parts need to be installed on the wooden model, and the factory where the parts are manufactured and the wooden model are together, which is not troublesome, the only difficulty is the processing and transportation of these parts after they are confirmed. The usual practice is that after the design of each part is completed, it is first installed on the wooden model, and then sent by cargo ship to Haiphong Port by sea, then sent by rail to the contractor factory for manufacturing and testing, and then sent by rail and sea to the nuclear submarine factory for assembly.

In order to test the combat performance of the entire submarine, the ship's R&D department built a submarine about 16 meters long and one meter in diameter with a small machine in accordance with the formal design, and placed it in the bay where the submersible bomb was installed...... And so on and

Even so, Bai Ye still felt uneasy, and installed a camera inside the experimental submarine, aimed at the predetermined parts to shoot, when the submarine entered the water and touched the bomb explosion, the camera recorded the reaction of the machine parts when it was shocked, and if it was found that there was a problem with a certain machine, it would be required to redesign and build.

......

On the plane, An Yi and Gong Qian sat side by side.

Gong Qian asked with some curiosity: "I don't know which one you like the most of the several fighters that flew at Datang Airport yesterday?" Why do you end up with the same orders placed by the General Logistics Department? ”

An Yi sniffed the faint fragrance emanating from Gong Qian's body, and said softly: "Relatively speaking, what I admire the most is the jet fighter that was unveiled at the end, although it did not receive orders, but it represents the direction of aviation development in the future." You know? On the 27th of last month, the German HE178 aircraft with jet engines has successfully flown successfully, which means that the aircraft has officially entered the jet age, and the next step is to see who can really grasp and own it. ”

Gong Qian was stunned for a moment, and hurriedly picked up the relevant information and looked at it carefully.

It was a fighter with the serial number A31, which was different from the current piston fighter that relied on the pull generated by the propeller to propel the aircraft to fly, it used a jet engine developed by the Rocket Research Institute, which relied on a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated after air and fuel combustion to be sprayed backwards to propel the aircraft forward.

This jet fighter is a research project under the personal leadership of Wang Gongyun, director of the Second Institute of Aerodynamics, and both the research institute and the air force have high hopes for it, but so far, the answer handed over is still unsatisfactory.

You must know that at present, the first and third institutes have made breakthroughs in the research of air-cooled and liquid-cooled engines, which has made the first and third institutes obvious, and the four institutes, which are mainly Russians, have also been recognized as a new type of fighter. The second institute led by Wang Gongyun, after developing a 1450-horsepower air-cooled engine, turned to the research of jet fighters, and this fighter is still not perfect, and the pressure on Wang Gongyun and the researchers led by him can be imagined.

Gong Qian remembered the bits and pieces in the development of jet fighters, and shook her head: "This fighter is in the development, there are indeed many twists and turns, at least I have never seen an example of four prototypes in a row that could not be successfully lifted into the air, and I specially transferred relevant information to read it, to be honest, I think you should place some orders appropriately yesterday, just take it as encouragement!" ”

An Yi raised his head in surprise: "Is there anything else?" ”

Gong Qian sighed, frowning slightly: "Yes, the four prototypes all used the traditional three-point wheel support of the front two and one back at the beginning, but when taking off, the horizontal tail was blocked by the main wing and engine and failed, and the plane could not be pulled up." However, after careful study, the experts of the second institute finally changed to the first three-point wheel layout on the fifth prototype, and the problem was finally solved. ”

"That's it!"

An Yi was relieved when he heard this, and said with a smile: "This is an unprecedented new model, it is inevitable that there will be such and such mistakes in the exploration, we are not afraid of mistakes, as long as we overcome and solve, then there is hope for success, we are afraid of retreating when we encounter difficulties, and that kind of coward will never succeed!" ”

Gong Qian turned her head and looked at An Yi: "Speaking of which, I admire Wang Gongyun's perseverance in teaching them, since the jet fighter project was established, this fighter has had many twists and turns, just the wind tunnel experiment, there are many models that have been eliminated, and later in the actual experiment, there are many hurdles that can hardly be overcome, but in the end they have overcome." ”

"Anyway, it's fine, let's hear it!"

An Yi couldn't help but kiss Gong Qianfang on the lips, and then looked at her with a smile.

"Good!"

Gong Qianqiao's face flushed, and she saw that no one noticed her before and after, so she leaned her head on An Yi's shoulder and said:

"The first test flight of the A31 was in February last year, and the prototype was deliberately fitted with a piston engine for fear of jet engine failure, so that once the jet engine was turned off, the test pilot could switch to a piston engine for landing, and as a result, the plane could not take off successfully until the fifth change of wheel layout.

"On March 12 last year, test pilots flew the No. 5 prototype equipped with jet engines into the air, and shortly after liftoff, two jet engines suddenly stalled, and the test pilots had to start the spare piston engines to rescue the prototype from the danger of stalling and land safely.

"On May 26 last year, in order to reduce the weight of the airframe, the No. 6 aircraft carried only two jet engines and was piloted by test pilots to take off at Simao Airport in southern Yunnan. Unfortunately, there was another engine failure, and the test pilot had to parachute to escape, and the plane fell straight to the ground and exploded and disintegrated. As a result, the two institutes re-developed a new jet engine suitable for fighter jets behind closed doors, and after thousands of tests and tens of thousands of simulation experiments on computers, the engine problem was solved.

"During the test flight in January this year, there was no problem with the engine of the No. 7 aircraft, but when the test pilot was doing a dive test, the plane suddenly lost control, and the jet engine drove the plane downward, and as the dive became steeper, the speed also increased, and finally the plane exploded and disintegrated in the air, and the test pilot died on the spot.

Under pressure, the Second Institute of Aerodynamics continued to look for problems, and found that the tail of the aircraft may have caused the loss of control. Bussmann proposed the concept of a swept wing four years ago to maintain the aircraft's center of gravity. The new model features a streamlined cockpit, a conventional rear wing and a 45-degree swept wing design, with an injection engine mounted in the wing roots.

"After being tested in the wind tunnel and tested in several flight tests, the safety of the No. 8 aircraft was fully confirmed, so after obtaining my approval, 32 prototypes were produced for final evaluation. I originally thought that it would quickly accelerate to 800 kilometers per hour after takeoff, and the maximum speed could reach 890 kilometers / h, which is more than 200 kilometers per hour faster than the current average aircraft, and the absolute advantage would impress you, but I didn't expect you to still not place an order. ”

Speaking of this, Gong Qian patted the back of An Yi's hand with some disgust.

"This fighter has many designs that are ahead of the times, and I am worried that it will cause unnecessary trouble if it appears early, so I deliberately suppressed it to stimulate its designers to devote themselves to research and development with a more serious and hard-working attitude to create a better jet fighter!"

An Yi's expression became more and more serious: "It is undeniable that this fighter does have many advantages, but it is not perfect, for example, it is too fuel-intensive, and the range is only a pitiful 800 kilometers, that is to say, it will have to return after holding out in the sky for less than half an hour, and it will not achieve the purpose of close protection of the bomber at all."

"As a twin-engine heavy jet fighter, the A31 is actually similar in performance to the A29 fighter, but the resources and manpower consumed are about two to three times that of the A29 fighter, and the requirements for workers are particularly strict. For the time being, I don't think there is a need to equip troops on a large scale for the time being.

"However, listening to what you say, I will ask the General Armament Department to purchase 200 planes as the first training aircraft for jet fighters, and hand them over to the aviation school for practice and use, but we must pay attention to keeping them secret. In any case, I will order that funds will continue to be allocated to increase the research and development of jet fighters, so that they will be superior in all aspects, after all, there is still a lot of potential for jet engines, and the advantage of 890 kilometers per hour compared to propeller fighters is not very obvious.

"At the same time, in view of the gradual maturity of jet fighter technology, the second institute will undertake the task of researching single-engine light jet fighters and jet attack aircraft and bombers! In the future, the two of them will be ahead of the group! ”

Gong Qian nodded, then remembered something, and asked in surprise: "You have such a high opinion of A29?" ”

An Yi affirmed: "Not only A29, but I am also very satisfied with GII!" ”

In his opinion, the A29 fighter almost represents the pinnacle of Nanhua piston propeller fighter design, the aircraft is an all-metal load-bearing skin structure, the wing traverses the main I-beam, and there is an almost equally thick rear spar parallel to it, and the rear spar also bears the load of ailerons and flaps.

Between the two spars, there was enough distance to accommodate a 12.7mm caliber machine gun, the barrel of which protruded from the main spar. The left and right wings are mounted under the fuselage as a unit, there are upper reverse angles from the belly midline, and the front and rear edges of the wing are kept as straight as possible, which makes the A29 easy to produce and inexpensive to build.

A29 adopts a revolutionary laminar flow airfoil, powerful flaps, wide landing gear and retractable tail wheel design, different from the A28 air-cooled engine, its heart is a 1695 horsepower liquid-cooled engine, strong power, and can spray water or alcohol at an altitude of 6,000 meters and above, generating 1900 horsepower emergency power, the speed can instantly exceed 750 km / h, and below 4000 meters, the maximum flight speed can also reach 690 km / h, These two figures are the fastest ever achieved by an aircraft, faster than any fighter in service with the Anjia Air Force, and its climb rate, acceleration, dive speed, stability, as well as handling in various configurations, roll speed, and turning radius are very satisfactory. At the same time, the A29 has a range of up to 4,000 kilometers after attaching auxiliary fuel tanks, which is almost twice that of the active single-engine fighters.

The A29's weapon system, including six 12.7mm caliber aviation machine guns built into the wings and four 25mm cannons in the outer wing section, plus 10 5-inch rockets and two 1,000-pound bombs, is so powerful that An Yi, who saw its power at the test site, was dumbfounded.

The GII fighter jet, designed by the Soviet Union and Russian aviation experts as the main aerodynamic research institute IV, it uses a 1800 horsepower air-cooled star engine, wingspan of 9.8 meters, length of 8.67 meters, height of 2.8 meters, when the altitude is 6250 meters, its maximum speed is 677 kilometers / h, the ceiling is 10750 meters, the maximum range is 1300 kilometers, the weapon system is three 25mm cannons, ammunition 150 rounds / door, and can carry 250 kg of aerial bombs under the wings for the implementation of ground attacks.

Except for a slightly shorter range, the GII fighter can be said to be perfect in all other statistics, and it has an absolute upper hand over the A26 and A27, but it is slightly inferior to the A29, but it has the strength to fight with the A28 with unique tactics.

Any country, as long as it has any of the three fighter jets A28, A29 and GII, is estimated to laugh off its big teeth, and now that Nanhua has suddenly gained three types of fighters, it is no wonder that the jet fighter that represents the future direction will be put aside for the time being.

However, An Yi is also selfish, and now the British are frequently contacting the United States, trying to obtain a way to supply fighters from the United States. An Yi has decided to open up the technology of advanced fighters to the Longan Aircraft Company, which is controlled by the Chinese Youth Society of the United States, in an effort to obtain orders from the British.

As the time for the United States to enter the war is getting closer and closer, a large number of new technologies, new weapons, and new equipment will continue to emerge, and at the latest one year, Nanhua's superiority in piston aircraft aviation technology will be replaced by the United States.

When the eyes of the whole world are staring at Nanhua's new piston fighter and trying to surpass it, the technology of Nanhua's jet fighter will become more and more mature, and when the time comes, the South China Air Force will be equipped with a new jet fighter and once again lead the world by a big step, and this step European and American countries want to catch up, it is not so easy!

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