Chapter 309: Three Years of Sino-German Alliance
At the end of Guanghua 3, the finishing work after the second Sino-Russian war was fully completed.
Under the terms of the Yenching Treaty, the Russian Empire was to pay the Chinese Empire 60 million pounds borrowed from France as war reparations. Subsequently, the Chinese Empire returned hundreds of thousands of prisoners of war of the Tsarist Russian Navy and Army to the Russian side.
At the same time, of the 470,000 Russian civilians living in the seven states of the Far East, less than 100,000 returned to Russia, and the rest of the Russian civilians were forced to stay because they could not live after returning home.
In December of the 3rd year of light year, the Chinese Emperor Wang Chenhao officially decreed that the seven states of the Far East should be renamed as Eastern Xinjiang, and Vladivostok would be restored to its original name as Vladivostok as the capital of Eastern Xinjiang Province. The Baikal-Transkhingan Mountains region was divided into Northern Xinjiang Province, and Ust-Ordensky was renamed Ulan-Ude as the capital of Northern Xinjiang. Korea was divided into an autonomous province of Korea, the provincial capital of Seoul, with the former king of Korea Yi Hee as the governor, and the Kingdom of Korea was equivalent to the status of the Kingdom of the Ryukyus, and was incorporated into the Great China Federation and became a member of the Federation. More than 300,000 Russian civilians were allowed to stay in Eastern Xinjiang, Northern Xinjiang and Korea, and as long as they obeyed the law and paid taxes on time, they could become citizens of the Chinese Empire after two years, and they would become legal citizens of the Empire as Slavic people.
At the same time, the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the Chinese Empire issued an order for the large-scale development of eastern and northern Xinjiang, but all those who went to live and settle in northern Xinjiang and eastern Xinjiang could receive a set of housing donated by the imperial political axe, which helped solve work problems, and the salary was 1.5 times the domestic average.
In less than two years, more than 3 million people moved into the eastern and northern regions, changing the proportion of the population in these two regions, with the Han Chinese becoming the dominant ethnic group and the Slavic becoming the second largest ethnic minority.
The purpose of the Chinese Empire was to stabilize the eastern and northern frontiers as soon as possible, and not to give the Tsarist Empire a chance to turn over, and with the increase of the Han people, the original Slavs would not be able to set off the storm, which was extremely necessary for the Chinese Empire's long-term rule over the region.
At the same time, the Chinese Empire absorbed more than 300,000 Slavic Caucasian people as imperial nationals, which facilitated the intelligence infiltration of the Chinese Empire into the white world in Europe and the United States in the future. Because the current intelligence personnel of the Chinese Empire are basically dominated by yellow people, many white countries are highly vigilant against yellow Chinese, which is not conducive to the intelligence penetration and collection of the Chinese Empire. Today, the Chinese Empire has absorbed more than 300,000 white people, and these people and their descendants have produced countless internationally famous spies, who have stolen a large amount of intelligence from Western countries for the Chinese Empire, and have made great contributions to the future national defense decision-making of the Chinese Empire.
With the demarcation of the borders between the Chinese Empire and the Tsarist Empire, the Chinese Empire set up military regions in the north and east of Xinjiang respectively. They were the Vladivostok Military District and the Ulan-Ude Military District, so that the seven military regions of the Chinese Empire were expanded into nine military regions.
However, with the end of the Sino-Russian War, the Russian Army suffered heavy losses, and the land threat to the Chinese Empire was negligible for a decade. In order not to make the Tsarist Empire overly nervous, the Chinese Empire and the Tsarist Empire signed an agreement on joint arms reduction in the border areas between the two countries, according to which only 20,000 border patrol troops were to be retained along the 3,000-kilometer border between China and Russia. Russia was naturally happy, after losing the Far East, the Russian army suffered heavy losses and was unable to recapture the Far East, so the Russian political axe readily agreed to the proposal of the Chinese Empire, and in the Sino-Russian border area, the Russian army only deployed 20,000 second-line troops. At the same time, the two sides pledged not to garrison troops within 100 kilometers of the border between the two countries.
After the adoption of this agreement, the Chinese Empire and the Tsarist Empire eased tensions on land, and immediately after that, the Imperial Diet reduced the armament of the army and significantly disarmed it. The 3 million troops mobilized during the war were immediately reduced to 810,000 standing armies, i.e. 54 standing divisions in peacetime.
However, the congressional proposal was strongly opposed by the military. The military believed that the Chinese Empire was vast and populous, and that the imperial [***] army needed to march long distances before the railway and road lines of communication were completed, and it was not suitable to deal with emergencies. Moreover, Sino-British relations were tense, and Britain would encroach on the territory of the Chinese Empire from time to time in the Great Northwest and Great Southwest regions, and the Imperial Army needed more troops to guard the frontier.
However, the Congress believed that the retention of a large army would affect the development of the empire's economy, and that the primary goal of the Chinese empire now was to develop the economy, improve the living standards of the people, and build a prosperous and prosperous country.
So the two sides argued for more than a month, and finally the emperor Wang Chenhao came forward to mediate, and both sides made concessions and finally reached an agreement.
In the end, the Army could only retain 54 standing divisions, but as a result of the congressional compromise, one division of the Standing Army was expanded from the current 15,000 to 20,000 men, and the National Guard was expanded from 29 garrison regiments to 32 garrison brigades, each garrison brigade was stationed in an administrative province of the Chinese Empire, and the strength of the army ranged from 2,000 to 9,000 men. Due to geographical and demographic influences, for example, in the populous province of Henan, a single National Guard brigade has a strength of 9,000 troops, while the Imperial National Guard Brigade on the islands of the Central Pacific provinces has only 2,000 troops.
The Chinese Empire's land disarmament action immediately relieved the neighboring countries, especially the United Kingdom, which was worried that the Chinese Empire would attack British Burma, India, Afghanistan and other places from the land, and expressed its approval of the Chinese Empire's disarmament action.
However, soon the Chinese Empire gave the British another slap in the face, and the British political axe was in a hurry.
At the beginning of February 1904, Admiral Tirpitz, Minister of the Navy, Admiral Janssen, an expert in gunnery, Admiral Janssen, and more than a dozen other dignitaries of the German Admiralty, as well as a delegation led by German Minister of Commerce Haines and composed of senior personnel from more than 20 giant German companies, including the Krupp Company in Essen, the German-Fort Iron Company, the Royal Wilhelm Shipyard, the Wiesel Shipyard in Bremen, and the Stettin Vulcan Shipyard, visited China jointly. The huge delegation totaled more than 600 people, and it became the first time since the founding of the People's Republic of China that a large delegation led by a political axe was formed in Germany.
In order to welcome the visit to China by a large delegation of German political axes and non-governmental organizations, Wang Chenhao, Emperor of the Chinese Empire, issued an order that more than 20 important officials of the Admiralty, including Admiral Deng Shichang, Minister of the Chinese Navy, Admiral Liu Buyun, Minister of the Naval Command Department, Admiral Lin Jianzhang, Commander-in-Chief of the Naval Fleet Command, as well as Zhang Jian, Minister of Industry and Commerce, and domestic giant companies such as the Beiyang Science and Technology Heavy Industry Group, the Beiyang Ordnance Heavy Industry Group, and the Shanghai Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Group, formed a reception delegation to welcome the German delegation on behalf of the Chinese Empire.
On the order of Kaiser Wilhelm II, the German Admiralty Tirpitz and his entourage secretly discussed with the Admiralty of the Chinese Empire and the major military industrial departments of the Chinese Empire on the issue of extensive cooperation between the Chinese and German navies on the pretext of going to China to observe the Silesia battleship built by the Chinese Empire for the German Navy.
Previously, the German economic take-off had always been jealous of Britain, so Britain restricted the export of any technology to Germany. Germany, on the other hand, regarded itself as a descendant of the Atlantean gods, and preferred its own slow development rather than a lowly plea to the British.
However, the rapid rise of the Chinese Imperial Navy, and even in many areas, the naval industry of the Chinese Empire has surpassed that of Britain, which has to make the German naval industry think deeply. With the refusal of the Chinese Empire and the British Empire to sign the Second Sino-British Alliance Treaty, the discord between the two countries has been recognized by the political axes of various countries. And the Chinese Empire built eighteen new concept battleships in one go, proving that the Chinese Empire's technology in terms of new concept battleships has matured.
The German Admiralty believed that they should take the opportunity to win over the Chinese Empire and obtain advanced naval industrial technology from the Chinese Empire in order to pave the way for the German Great Naval Program.
Kaiser Wilhelm II felt that the time had come for China and Germany to unite against Russia and Britain, so before Tirpitz set out, he specifically instructed Tirpitz to open up the situation in terms of naval exchanges between the two countries and promote an alliance between China and Germany.
Under this series of factors, on the same day that Tirpitz was low, he revealed his intention to form an alliance with the Chinese Empire with Deng Shichang, Minister of the Chinese Empire.
Deng Shichang then went to the Forbidden City to ask the Chinese Emperor Wang Chenhao for instructions, Wang Chenhao weighed the pros and cons, the next two or three years will inevitably break out with the British conflict, in order to obtain international support, and the alliance with Germany will be in line with the national interests of the Chinese Empire in the near future, but it cannot be an alliance for a long time, otherwise it will deteriorate relations with France and Russia, so Wang Chenhao gave instructions to Deng Shichang and the Admiralty, allowing the Admiralty to conclude friendly and cooperative relations with the German Navy, and instructed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to negotiate with the German political axe, and the alliance time is limited to three years.
On March 5, 1904, the Chinese Empire and the German Empire concluded the Treaty of Strategic Alliance in Yanjing. The Treaty of Alliance stipulates that China and Germany conclude a strategic alliance treaty for the purpose of maintaining world peace, and the purpose of this treaty is to promote political, cultural, and military mutual trust between China and the West. As one of the most powerful army and naval powers in the world, China and Germany should communicate with each other, cooperate with each other, and fulfill their obligations and responsibilities for peace on land and at sea throughout the world.
On the surface, the treaty is under the guise of maintaining world peace, and the world has established the political and military alliance between China and Germany. However, neither China nor Germany wanted to provoke Britain, France, and Russia too much, so they agreed to a three-year limit for the treaty, and negotiations would be made after three years according to the actual situation.
After the conclusion of the three-year alliance treaty between China and Germany, the Imperial Chinese Navy promised to export advanced technology and equipment related to the naval industry to the German Navy, and the German Navy would also transfer a batch of advanced German technology to the Imperial Chinese Navy without reservation.
On 10 March, 72 large defense enterprises in the Chinese Empire signed a large arms purchase trade order with 25 German industrial giants worth a total of 1.02 billion dragon dollars.
Among them, the Chinese Empire imported the world's most advanced electrically controlled Linnae-style watertight door technology from the Krupp Company in Essen, Germany, imported high-precision optical instruments that can observe and determine the distance of targets within 20,000 meters from Carl Zeiss, and imported German 254-mm large-caliber rapid-fire artillery systems and automatic rapid-fire aircraft technology and equipment from the Ermani Wrought Iron Equipment Manufacturing Company, with a total order of 110 million dragon coins.
The German [***] side imported all kinds of equipment and technology from the Chinese Empire, with a total value of 690 million dragon coins. This includes the purchase of 100,000 tons of Chinese special steel, 200,000 tons of tungsten ore and molybdenum ore, 50,000 military trucks, jeeps, motorcycles, and field command vehicles, 200 Jian-1 export-type air and water reconnaissance planes, an order for a set of equipment and equipment for the Shengong-class battleships assembled in Germany, an order for 20 Exocet-class hunting ships, 20 merchant-class submarines, and the introduction of advanced second-generation steam turbine technology and third-generation radio communication technology from the Chinese Empire.
The orders of German private enterprises are about 200 million dragon dollars, and the largest order is that the German Mercedes-Benz Company has been authorized by Beiyang Automobile Industry Group to act as an agent for the sales rights of Zhonghua brand cars in Germany. At the same time, 3,000 Zhonghua brand cars were imported for sale in Europe, and the production technology of Zhonghua second-generation cars was authorized to be introduced, and the civilian Zhonghua brand cars of the Chinese Empire began to enter the European market. Others, such as steel, medical equipment, medicines, rubber tires, tea, ores, various handicrafts, etc., also have a large share.
After the alliance between China and Germany, the Chinese Empire reaped huge benefits, and Germany, as the largest economy in Europe, created the conditions for the Chinese Empire to earn foreign exchange surges.
With the introduction of a large number of epoch-making products from the Chinese Empire, the industrial image of the Chinese Empire was greatly publicized in Europe. Since then, the political axes and people of European and American countries have been optimistic about the industrial products from the Chinese Empire, and the industrial products of the Chinese Empire have quickly opened up the European and American markets with high quality, low price and high quality, and for a time the Chinese wind blew in European and American countries.
Through the alliance with Germany, the Chinese Empire's position in the international community was quickly affirmed by European and American countries, and for a time the strength of the Allies skyrocketed, becoming the world's largest military and political bloc, and any country had to give face to the Allies.
After Italy learned that Germany had obtained advanced reconnaissance planes, merchant-class submarines, high-speed hunting destroyers, and other equipment and technology from the Chinese Empire, the Italian Navy immediately allocated $1 million to purchase 200 Jian-1 export reconnaissance planes from the Chinese Empire. Since Italy is a peninsular country and is under great threat from the British sea, Italy urgently needs the submarines and high-speed destroyers of the Chinese Empire to protect its maritime frontiers. The Imperial Chinese Naval Industry Commission immediately sold the Imperial Chinese Navy's Merchant-class submarines and Exocet-class hunting ships to the Italian Navy, and praised them to the sky, so the Italian Navy imported 20 Merchant-class submarines and 30 Exocet-class hunting ships to the Chinese Empire at a cost of $20 million.
Similarly, Austria-Hungary also preferred to purchase Chinese-style equipment because of the alliance between Germany and China, but Austria-Hungary was relatively poor and had limited funds, and in addition to importing 80 Jian-1 reconnaissance planes, it only purchased 10 merchant-class submarines and 20 Exocet-class hunting ships.
The most wealthy was the Turkish Empire, which fought wars with the Russian Empire for hundreds of years, losing more and winning less. After the victory of the Chinese Empire over the Tsarist Empire, it gave the Turkish Empire a great inspiration. The Turkish military believed that the equipment of the Chinese Empire was the key to victory, so the military preferred to purchase Chinese-style equipment. To this end, Turkey's political axe allocated $200 million for the purchase of Chinese-style equipment.
The Chinese Empire was naturally overjoyed to see the great customer of the Turkish Empire so generous. The General Armament Department of the Chinese Empire immediately sold the standard equipment of the Chinese Imperial Army to the Turkish Empire, reorganized 30 Chinese armament divisions for the Turkish Imperial Army, and exported 1,200 75 infantry guns, 500 105 mountain guns, 100 155 heavy howitzers, 200 Yuannian heavy machine guns, 2,000 various mine guns, and armed 10 air reconnaissance groups for the Turkish Air Force, with a total of 300 reconnaissance aircraft. The Turkish Navy was provided with 20 Zhou-class submarines and 30 Mistral-class hunting ships, which were more advanced than other countries, and the total military purchase orders exceeded the budget of the Turkish political axe, reaching 450 million dragon coins.
The Turkish Empire couldn't come up with this amount of money, so the Chinese Imperial Political Axe allowed the Turkish Political Axe to pay 200 million dragon coins on credit, and then pay off the remaining 250 million dragon coins in installments within five years.
After seeing the advanced equipment of the Chinese Empire, the Turkish military did not want to refuse at all, so they persuaded the Turkish political axe to sign this huge military purchase order with the Chinese Empire.
The Chinese Empire is so generous, mainly because the Turkish Empire itself does not have a production line of Chinese-style equipment, and the caliber of ammunition is also different, so as long as the Turkish military uses the military equipment of the Chinese Empire on a large scale, then it will have to import more ammunition materials from the Chinese Empire in the future, which will be a long-term bargain. Judging from the size of Turkey's two million standing army, if there is another Russian-Turkish war, the Chinese Empire will make more money just by selling ammunition.
Also because the Chinese Empire defeated Russia, many countries in Europe and the United States gradually preferred the weapons and equipment of the Chinese Empire. Sweden, the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Portugal and other countries in Europe, the Persian Empire in the Persian Gulf, the Arab Empire, Ethiopia in Africa, Mexico in North America, Colombia, Brazil, Argentina, Chile and other countries in Central and South America have imported all kinds of weapons and equipment from the Chinese Empire, from battleships to bullets, from airplanes in the sky to submarines under the sea.
For the United States, when it learned that the submarines exported by the Chinese Empire to other countries were more advanced than those sold to the United States, it was immediately dissatisfied. However, because of the alliance between China and Germany, the United States did not dare to protest loudly. As a result, they had no choice but to import more advanced Shang-class and Zhou-class submarines from the Chinese Empire, and eliminate the Xia-class submarines that had just been put into service.
The United States seems to be particularly interested in the aircraft of the Chinese Empire, and the US Army Air Corps abandoned the airship and procured two hundred land reconnaissance aircraft and one hundred water reconnaissance aircraft directly from the Chinese Empire. The United States has also sent students to the Royal Aviation Academy of the Chinese Empire to learn flight technology, and the American people are more interested in aircraft, and a large number of future American outstanding flight design experts led by the Wright brothers have gone to the Royal Aviation Academy of the Chinese Empire to study and study.
France and Russia were most nervous about an alliance between China and Russia, but soon the Chinese Imperial Axe reassured them by suggesting that France and Russia would not be involved in the war in Europe. France was slightly relieved to know that the Chinese Empire was co-opting Germany in preparation for the British. Russia also believed that the Chinese Empire would not attack Russia again, and believed that the Chinese Empire was doing this against Britain after the border garrisons were reduced separately, so they were also a little relieved.
At this time, France and Russia had not yet resolved all the contradictions with the British, so the two countries were happy to see the Chinese Empire confronting the British.
(To be continued)