In Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, a farmer in his 50s with a vicissitudes of life walked out of the bank, holding a piece of paper printed with various patterns and patterns.

And beside the old farmer, many people walked out of the bank, their faces were also at a loss, of course, they were in the same hands as the old farmer, and they were also holding a piece of paper printed with various patterns and patterns.

In 1925, many major events took place one after another.

One of the more famous is the "Population Migration Policy", which allows people who voluntarily go to Kazakhstan and other provinces to get 100 acres of arable land for free. At the same time, each family received a tractor and fuel supply for three years as a gift from the national government, and under this policy, millions of people were relocated to Kazakhstan and other provinces in Central Asia.

The people who moved to their new homes by railroad settled in these new territories, and their presence represented the growing solidity of the Communist's control over these new territories.

And this also led to the second major event, that is, the government of the State and the Social Government ordered 300,000 tractors from major domestic automobile companies at its own expense. Although the number of motor vehicles put into use around the world at this time was calculated in the tens of millions, the government came forward to order 300,000 tractors at one time, which still attracted the attention of many people.

During this period, the auto companies operating in China were also angry at the incompetence of their government, which did not even secure one for them in the 300,000 orders.

When we think of the various efforts made by the government to support the domestic auto industry, it is not difficult to understand the anger of these auto companies.

However, the government will place orders for 300,000 vehicles, in addition to consolidating its rule in the new territory, in order to support the domestic automobile industry. At this time, if the order is distributed to foreign enterprises, is it to support foreign or domestic?

Therefore, even if the foreigners are jumping their feet, and even moving to their respective governments, Yan Guang's answer is still no.

Although there has been a lot of criticism for this, the development of the domestic automobile industry is very good, and even several automobile companies are already considering producing a car that even the working class can enjoy, just like the Ford Model T and the Beetle of later generations.

However, the Ford Model T was about $260 at its cheapest, or more than 500 silver dollars, while the average worker in China was only paid more than 10 silver dollars a month. Although China's labor costs are lower than those of the United States, it is unlikely that the gap between China and the United States in later generations will be as large, so it is still a long way to go to produce a "national car"...

And Yan Guang also understands that the most important thing is not how cheap the car is, but how high the people's income is...

Fortunately, as China began to transform from an agricultural country to an industrialized country, the income of the people was also growing, so there was no need for Yan Guang to worry about this problem. In addition, the bill of the "8-hour working day" was also enacted under the impetus of Yan Guang, the largest capitalist in the country, after all, even Yan Guang, the largest capitalist in the country, did this, and no one else had any opposition to it.

However, although the bill has been implemented, the implementation time of the bill is too short after all, so some things that violate the bill are not only in remote areas, but even in big cities such as Shanghai and Guangzhou. At the same time, it is impossible for local officials to be completely incorruptible, and while accepting the votes of the capitalists, these local officials will naturally turn a blind eye.

Therefore, just like other capitalist countries at this time, domestic workers' demonstrations and strikes also occurred from time to time, and in this case, some Bolshevik political parties also began to quietly rise in the country...... fortunately, Yan Guang's political achievements over the years are "quite good", plus the 8-hour working day is also Yan Guang's promotion of public opinion, and strictly implemented in his own companies and enterprises―――――― these are Yan Guang's own, since the boss does not mind, then the following managers are naturally happy to relax, What's more, not everyone likes to be scolded behind their backs.

It is precisely because of these reasons that although the following strikes and demonstrations have occurred from time to time, Yan Guang's status and prestige have not been affected at all, and in some cases―――――― there has even been a situation where it has risen instead of falling...

As for the Bolsheviks who came from Russia?

China at this time was completely different from China in another world, where China was only a semi-colonial agricultural country, and although the number of workers was not small, it was definitely not too large, so it was absolutely impossible to take the road of workers.

At this time, although China had many problems, compared with other countries in the same period, it could barely be regarded as a semi-agricultural and semi-industrialized country, and on the whole, it was still making rapid progress in the direction of industrialization.

Therefore, if these Bolsheviks who came to China across the sea and the Bolsheviks in China itself had gone the same way, the results would have been completely different from the history of another time and space―――――― if they had gone through the countryside to surround the cities, they would have died, because agricultural taxes had been exempted for many years, and there were government relief in time during the famine, although they were tired, and they did not have free tractors like the Kazakh immigrants. But the peasant brothers at this time are definitely much easier than the worker brothers, and in this case you can't think of what to use to win them over, no matter how much you try to win them over.

As for the brothers of the workers, who are ten times more numerous than in the same period?

Seriously, unless it is like the developed countries of later generations, the workers of any country will work very hard. In this era when the system of protecting the rights and interests of workers is not perfect, it is quite obvious.

In addition, the early ** were all united with the working class, and the number of workers in China during this period was at least ten times greater than that of the same period in the other world, so if these Bolsheviks could really instigate the working class, it would cause a lot of trouble, even if it had nothing to do with the overall situation.

But...

The enemy of the enemy is the friend...

Ahem, this sentence does not seem to be quite true, but even ordinary Chinese people only need to look up at the national maps of 1911 and 1925 to understand that Soviet Russia is definitely not a friend of China.

And **, it is the most famous product of Russia, and in this case there are naturally fewer people who are willing to support **, after all, even the most ordinary Chinese people understand what kind of people should support and what kind of people should not support...

Therefore, even if some strike movements break out in China from time to time, there are not many people who are willing to support **, after all, as long as normal people will not help the enemy destroy their own country. Or rather, after learning that ** was from Russia, and that the Bolsheviks in front of them were all from Russia or supported by Russia, the people who were being seduced began to suspect that they had bad intentions...

So naturally, although ** is very demagogic, but the development in China has always been in a state of malnutrition...

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In addition to the above two things, there is also a major event that the government officially announced the closure of several oil fields in Northeast China and other places, such as Daqing Oilfield.

Officially, the government is concerned that oil produced in Tohoku and other regions will pollute local farmland, so it has decided to temporarily close several oil fields in Tohoku and other regions. ..., but as mentioned above, this is nothing more than an official statement.

In fact, the national government would do this for another reason.

With the implementation of the immigration policy, the number of inhabitants in Kazakhstan and other places has reached several hundred thousand, and if this rate continues, the population of the hinterland in Kazakhstan will soon exceed one million, and the arable land area of Kazakhstan is very large.

In later generations, Kazakhstan ranked 15th in the world with 220,000 square kilometers of arable land, but during the Soviet era, Kazakhstan ranked 11th in the world with 300,000 square kilometers (30 million hectares) of arable land, only about 30,000 square kilometers less than Nigeria, Indonesia and Ukraine.

Considering the fact that Kazakhstan is vast and sparsely populated, it does not need much arable land in the first place, so even if it is 30 to 50 million people who have migrated to Kazakhstan, it is all a problem. In this case, at least the rule of the Nationalist government in Central Asia was quite solid.

However, unlike Central Asia, Iraq and other places do not have as much arable land as Kazakhstan, and the remaining arable land is also owned, and it is impossible to divide land to attract immigrants as in Kazakhstan.

Although a large number of factories have been built in places like Iraq since the policy decision to attract people to these regions, this approach is simply inefficient compared to the way it was done in Kazakhstan.

Although the Nationalist government has decided to defend these gold-spraying treasures no matter what, no one can guarantee that nothing will happen in the future when Soviet Russia is on the top, Britain and France on the bottom, and Turkey on the left.

Therefore, the government decided to close several oil fields in the Northeast and other regions first, and focus on the development of oil in the Caucasus and the Middle East. Let's seal it for the time being, if there is a problem in Iraq and other oil-producing areas, we will re-mine it for emergency, if there is no problem, then continue to seal it for future generations...

There are still a lot of smart people in the world, and the intentions of the national government are not difficult to see, but the foreign media did not say anything sarcastic about the national government because of this incident, because not long after this policy was announced, another major event happened...

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“……… This..."After glancing at the banknote in his hand, the old farmer in his 50s hesitated. "Can you really spend it?"

A young man dressed as an intellectual on the side said. "Since it's a currency promoted by the government, the painting can definitely be spent, but..." said the young man with some hesitation. But paper money or something, it seems that it can easily turn into waste paper..."

Indeed, at least in the history of China, paper money has been very easy to turn into waste paper.

After all, in the history of China, banknotes have been issued countless times, because the world's earliest banknotes appeared in China.

What's more, compared with the heavy, shiny silver coins, the banknotes are too thin, no wonder they are so hesitant.

"Anyway, let's try it first..."

Gritting his teeth, a man who looked like a housewife said, and as he walked into a store near the bank.

Behind the woman and the man, the old farmer and the others looked at him nervously, as if they were looking at a hero who was dying, and after a few minutes, the woman and man finally walked out with a big bag.

"No problem, you can spend it..."

He's talking nonsense, paper money was meant to be spent.

After the Kokusha government announced the closure of oil fields located in the Tohoku and several other regions, it would have been a good time for the media to attack the Kokush, especially at a time when some countries in this world did not have much goodwill towards the Kokush. ..., but instead of choosing to do so, the media focused on another story.

The reason for this is that after several years of planning, the government of the Communist government finally officially announced the change of the monetary system...

In the past, China has always been a silver standard country, in the history of China's currency, silver has gradually become a monetary metal since the Han Dynasty, to the Ming Dynasty silver has been monetized, China has really become a country with silver―――――― although copper coins and paper money were also used at that time. The business atmosphere of the Ming Dynasty society was strong, the material life of the people was extremely rich, and the expenses were also fragmented, from thrift to luxury. However, the implementation of the silver system, which is valued by the weight of the metal, belongs to the weighing monetary system, and has not stepped into the stage of the monetary system. In the second year of Xuantong (1910 AD), the "Currency System Regulations" was promulgated, and the silver standard was officially adopted, with "yuan" as the monetary unit, the weight was Kuping seven coins and two cents, and the fineness was 90%, which was called the Daqing silver coin. However, silver dollars and silver are still used in the market. After the Xinhai Revolution, the National Currency Regulations were promulgated in 1913, officially stipulating that the silver dollar, which weighs seven cents and two cents and has a fineness of 89%, is the currency unit of China.

Naturally, after the establishment of the Commune government, the silver dollar was used as a monetary unit.

In the history of money, silver served as the standard currency earlier than gold. But when it comes to acting as a monetary commodity, gold is far superior to silver. With the economic development of Western countries, the silver standard first transitioned to the gold and silver double standard, and was replaced by the gold standard after the 20s of the 19th century. By the end of the 19th century, with the improvement of labor productivity in the silver mining and casting industry, the value of silver continued to decrease, and the price of gold and silver fluctuated greatly, affecting the development of the economy.

Therefore, China's abandonment of the silver standard can be regarded as a matter of historical trend, after all, by this time, none of the major countries in the world has adopted the silver standard.

However, China's practical silver as a currency has a history of more than 1,000 years, and it is always a bad move to abolish the silver standard rashly. In addition, after the abolition of the silver standard, the question of what form of currency the Communist government should adopt was also a problem, and as a result, the controversy over currency continued.

It wasn't until 1925 that the controversy came to a conclusion.

First of all, the silver standard must be abolished, because the silver standard is no longer in line with the trend of history.

The second was the decision of the National Government to adopt the gold bar standard as the future form of currency of the National Government.

The so-called bullion standard is also a type of gold standard, which is a monetary system with gold as the standard currency. Under the gold standard, the value of each unit of money was equal to a certain weight of gold (i.e. the gold content of the currency). When different countries use the gold standard, the exchange rate between countries is determined by the ratio of the gold content of their respective currencies ―――――― mintparity. The gold standard began to prevail in the mid-19th century. Historically, there have been three forms of the gold standard: the coin standard, the bullion standard, and the gold exchange standard. The gold coin standard is the most typical form, and in a narrow sense, the gold standard refers to the monetary system.

Historically, since Britain was the first to implement the gold standard in 1816, until the First World War in 1914, the major capitalist countries have implemented the gold standard, and it is a typical gold standard ―――――― gold coin standard.

After the outbreak of World War I in 1914, in order to raise huge military expenditures, countries issued uncashed paper money one after another, prohibiting the free export of gold, and the gold standard came to an end.

After the First World War, in 1924-1928, there was a period of relative stability in the capitalist world, in which production in the major capitalist countries returned to its pre-war level and developed somewhat. Countries are trying to restore the gold standard. However, since the basis of gold coinage circulation had been weakened, it was not possible to return to the typical gold standard. At that time, with the exception of the United States, most other countries could only implement the gold standard with no gold coins in circulation, which was the gold bar standard and the gold exchange standard. …,

The bullion standard and the gold exchange standard are also called incomplete or incomplete gold standards because they do not have a series of characteristics of the gold coin standard.

And the gold bar standard is one of them.

In 1922, at the World Monetary Conference held in Genoa, Italy, it was decided to adopt the principle of "saving gold" and to implement the gold bar standard and the gold exchange standard. The countries that implement the gold bar standard are mainly the United Kingdom, France, the United States, etc.

In addition to major countries such as Britain and France, other countries in Europe have implemented the gold exchange standard.

Under the bullion standard system, the monetary unit still stipulates the gold content, but the gold is only concentrated in the central bank as a reserve for currency issuance, and no longer mints gold coins and implements gold coin circulation, and the currency in circulation is completely replaced by value symbols such as bank bills, and bank bills can be exchanged with gold according to the gold content above a certain amount.

In countries that implement the gold exchange standard, only the legal gold content of the currency is stipulated, and the minting and circulation of gold coins are prohibited. Paper money circulation is implemented in China, and paper money cannot be exchanged for gold, but can only be exchanged for foreign exchange, and foreign exchange can be exchanged for gold abroad. The national currency is kept at a fixed rate with the currency of a country with a bullion standard or gold standard, and foreign exchange assets are deposited as reserves in case they can be sold at any time.

To put it simply, although the bullion standard was circulated with paper money, these paper money could be exchanged for gold in the bank.

And what about the gold exchange standard? At the same time as the paper money is circulating, it is impossible to exchange it for gold in the bank.

Simple and straightforward...

For the bullion standard, the Communist government had received more than 1,000 tons of gold from Kolchak, so it had a large gold reserve. Although before this, Kolchak had used a part of more than 1,600 tons of gold to buy weapons and recruit troops, and in the end only more than 1,000 tons were left for Yan Guang, don't forget that those weapons were all sold by Yan Guang to Kolchak. As for recruiting the army? Although Kolchak had recruited many troops, his white army only lasted a little more than a year before disappearing, and he did not have time to consume much gold.

Therefore, in the end, the amount of gold that fell into Yan Guang's hands was almost more than 1,400 tons...

More than 1,400 tons of gold, what is this concept?

To put it simply, the gold reserves of the United States in later generations were only more than 8,000 tons, while China's gold reserves were 1,000 and dozens of tons, ranking sixth in the world.

Therefore, the more than 1,400 tons of gold in the treasury of the Nationalist Government is definitely a lot, but it is no wonder that after all, it is the savings of the Romanov Dynasty for hundreds of years, and it is pitiful that it all fell into the hands of Yan Guang in the end.

However, it is precisely because he has so many gold reserves in his hand that Yan Guang does not have much pursuit in this regard. A few years ago, when the finances were tight, Yan Guangzhi considered selling the gold in the vault to ease the finances, but within two years, the oil fields in the Middle East earned foreign exchange, so it was natural that the more than 1,000 tons of gold could only be piled up in the vault to mold, and Yan Guang's adoption of the gold bar standard also had a certain relationship with this.

At present, the Communist government has more than 1,600 tons of gold, of which more than 1,400 tons were donated by Kolchak, and the remaining 200 tons have been gradually accumulated since the establishment of the Communist government in 1913...

Don't underestimate the more than 1,600 tons of gold, according to today's gold price, this more than 1,600 tons of gold is about equivalent to more than 2.5 billion silver dollars. Although more than 2.5 billion silver dollars is less than the country's fiscal revenue for a year, considering that this is mobile funds...

Therefore, the national government, which has more than 1,600 tons of gold reserves, is fully capable of adopting the gold bar standard monetary method.

As for whether the gold in the bank will be exchanged maliciously?

According to the bullion standard, banknotes can only be exchanged for gold after a certain amount has been reached, the minimum amount is 1,700 pounds for 400 ounces of gold in England, 21,500 francs for 12 kilograms of gold in France, and 16,000 silver dollars for 10 kilograms in China.

Of course, Yan Guang did not think about one step in place, directly from the silver standard to the "non-cash standard", that is, the later generations of RMB and other banknotes, but after all, this is still too avant-garde, and the monetary reform also needs a transition.

For example, in the Republic of China in another world, the so-called fiat currency reform was initially just a change from the silver standard to the gold exchange standard, but later the Republic of China failed, and the defeat was very miserable...

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Everyone gives an opinion, is the new currency called the silver dollar, the Chinese dollar or the renminbi directly?