However, everyone knows the drawbacks of the imperial examination system, and the so-called talents are definitely not only the way to become officials, but also the 36 lines of agriculture and industry, all of which can promote social development.

In ancient times, the selection of talents in these industries was very unreasonable, and there was serious discrimination.

The Han Dynasty also discriminated, but it was far inferior to the late feudal society, Liu Zhang had the basis for change, and the four branches could be extended to many subjects as needed, which was conducive to the imperial court to select talents from all walks of life.

It is also beneficial for some people who have talents in other industries to use their talents, if they are in an era of discrimination, or if they can't get ahead through these talents, then these people are buried.

And Liu Zhang knows that it is these people who are promoting social development, and if the West has always used the imperial examination system, only selecting officials, and discriminating against other industries, then there will never be an industrial revolution.

Maybe a talent invents a new textile machine, which can drive the development of the whole society, which is the power of other industries.

However, China has always used the imperial examination system, and it seems that only by being an official can they get ahead, and a group of political talents who are proficient in the rules of officialdom and the sophistication of human feelings have been trained, which has to be said to be a kind of sadness.

For people with knighthoods, that is, people who have meritorious service to the Han Dynasty, such people have extra points for the four imperial examinations, Liu Zhang feels that it is understandable, for example, a soldier who retired from the army and wanted to be a carpenter in the craftsman workshop of the government, it is necessary to add appropriate points.

As for the policy of giving points to ethnic minorities, which is still in use until 2,000 years later, many Han people feel that it is unreasonable, but it is actually reasonable.

Ethnic minority areas are basically less educated, and the apparent consideration is to bring the level of each region closer. Otherwise, ethnic minority students with relatively low levels of education. It's too hard to get into a good university.

And secretly there is another benefit. It is necessary to alleviate the resentment of ethnic minorities in integrating into the Chinese nation, and at the same time accelerate assimilation, which is necessary to maintain the stability of the Chinese nation.

And in this era, the secret benefits are what Liu Zhang urgently needs.

Now the Sichuan army is expanding its territory on a large scale, relying on force, Dawan cavalry, and archers. Vine armor soldiers, strong crossbow soldiers, regardless of mountain warfare, water warfare, plain warfare, and city defense warfare, all invincible, of course, it is easy to expand the land.

But the people of these lands did not belong to them at all, let alone the Western Regions. Western Qiang, steppe and Goguryeo. Even in Dian Zhou, after such a long time, he still does not recognize himself as a Han citizen in his heart.

And if there is a universal four-subject examination, these ethnic minorities have to absorb Han culture in order to get ahead, and choose to be officials of the Han Dynasty, then the most important step of assimilation has been completed.

The first is cultural assimilation, ethnic minorities learn the Chinese language, and receive the education of "I am a Han Chinese" from an early age, and slowly they can be imperceptible.

In addition, it is the network of ethnic minority elites, those who participate in the four imperial examinations and obtain official positions, which are not the elites of ethnic minorities, and give these people official positions and other treatments, they instantly become vested interests.

With this group of people, it is the chain that binds the ethnic minorities to the Han Dynasty.

Conquest by force is only the first step, and if there is no subsequent assimilation, the places conquered by force are all illusory, and thus, the four imperial examinations become very necessary.

The bonus point for ethnic minorities is to encourage ethnic minorities to participate in the four imperial examinations, which is absolutely beneficial and harmless to the Han nationality.

The execution continued, and when Huang Yueying read out the three major decrees, countless people's heads fell to the ground, and blood seeped into the ground paved with stone slabs, like streams flowing in front of the feet of many Sichuan military civilians.

Huang Lan, Li Cai, Sima Hui, Pang Degong, Lu Su and others suffered the punishment of Ling Chi, and their flesh and blood were blurred.

The Pavilion of Meritorious Heroes was built on the sea of corpse mountain and blood, the broken map of mountains and rivers was displayed on top of the sea of corpse mountain and blood, and the three major decrees were read out in the sea of corpse mountain and blood, and Liu Zhang was about to ascend the throne, and he also had to step on the already blood-red ground.

"All the bodies were buried on the spot."

"But this is the ...... under the hero tower"

"That's it."

Like muddy water, Liu Zhang stepped on the bloody ground, followed by hundreds of civil and military officials, as if wading through the paddy fields, walking towards the palace, everyone's shoes were stained with blood.

The people watching from afar never thought that Liu Zhang would not only kill Huang Lan and other criminals before ascending the throne, but also kill them on the day of his accession to the throne, and in this tragic environment, he would go to his throne.

"My lord."

Leaving the stargazing platform, he went far away, until the smell of blood dissipated, Guan Yinping glanced back, rode his horse to Liu Zhang's approach, took out a scimitar from his waist, and said to Liu Zhang: "Lord, give this back to you, I don't think you need it." ”

Liu Zhang looked at the scimitar sideways, he knew what Guan Yinping meant, although this scimitar had been changed once, from the very blunt scimitar at the beginning, to Han Sui's very exquisite scimitar, but the effect was the same.

Although it is impossible for Guan Yinping to really kill Liu Zhang with this scimitar, at least seeing it is also a wake-up call.

And now, when he was about to become the emperor, he killed so many people and announced the three major decrees on the spot, Guan Yinping felt that Liu Zhang would not change, everyone would change Liu Zhang, this scimitar was not needed at all, from listening to Huang Yueying read out the decree, Guan Yinping felt that it was redundant to wear this scimitar.

"Keep it, there's still a long way to go." Liu Zhang said.

Liu Zhang's tone made it difficult for Guan Yinping to say the second sentence of return, and when he put the scimitar on his waist, he was about to ride his horse to his position, Liu Zhang suddenly called Guan Yinping.

Liu Zhang and Guan Yinping were talking in front, and the civil and military officials followed behind, and at this time they were already far away from the star-gazing platform, and at this time many ministers dared to pant loudly, and a civil official walked to Huang Quan's side, lowered his voice and said, "Lord Huang, are you okay?" ”

Huang Quan's face was as calm as water, he didn't say a word, and as if he had something on his mind, the official who was close to him asked, Huang Quan heard the words of the civil official, he was stunned for a moment, and then reacted, and said casually: "It's nothing, Huang Lan and the others are to blame." ”

"Ugh." The civil official sighed and said: "The lord is too ruthless, even if the adult's cousin commits the crime, only Huang Lan can be beheaded, and the other children of the Huang family are just embezzling a little money or bribing a little, so why die."

What's more, Lord Huang has assisted the lord for ten years. There is no second person for hard work. This punishment is too much. Don't talk about Lord Huang, who doesn't have some ideas. ”

"I don't have ideas, and I advise you not to have them." Huang Quan said coldly, and when the civil official saw this, he hurriedly retreated.

……

"His Royal Highness the King of Shu, please go to the royal car and run it."

When I arrived at the palace gate, there were already many civil and military people who had not gone to the Xingtai to greet them, and Fu Shou stood in the first place. There are Huang Yue, Liu Xun, Liu Kang and others in the back.

Thirty-two horses pulled by the cart, huge and luxurious, the palace maids and eunuchs on both sides stood in turn, Wang Xu led the soldiers to the sides of the cart, so powerful Huang Yueying left and right, followed Liu Zhang into the cart, and then stood on both sides.

"It's a big carriage." Liu Zhang sat inside alone and really felt empty.

Fu Shou entered the main hall with hundreds of civil and military officials, at the door. The eunuch took the edict from Fu Shou's hand and read aloud the edict in support of the new emperor.

To be read out. Thousands of civil and military officers, tens of thousands of soldiers bowed down together: "My emperor, long live, long live, long live." ”

"The new emperor ascends the throne, and the country's fortunes are prosperous."

With the screaming of the eunuchs, Liu Zhang was supported by a eunuch and slowly walked to the palace gate, and the back was so powerful, Huang Yueying, Zhang Ren, Huang Quan, Jiang Wan, Zhe Lanying, Fan Lixiang, Zhao Yun, Ma Chao and others followed in turn.

"Long live my emperor, long live, long live."

Liu Zhang stepped on the jade steps and sat on the dragon chair, and the ministers in the hall paid homage.

On December 12, 209 AD, Fu Shou Xiayi decreed that Liu Zhang was the new emperor of the Han Dynasty, with Yuanhe as the year name, and 210 as the first year of Yuanhe.

"Zhongqing is flat, since the Yellow Turban Rebellion to today's unification, it has been nearly 30 years, according to Dong Zhuo's entry into Beijing, it has been 20 years, the Han Dynasty has finally reunited, the people have enjoyed peace, and everyone has worked hard and made great achievements.

Huang Yueying, the king of Yan, followed from Xiangyang, repeatedly defeated strong enemies, full of political strategies and tricks, and meritorious deeds should be in the first place. ”

"Emperor Xie." Huang Yueying bowed, the six ministries of the three provinces have passed the gas with the ministers, these people also know what the Zhongshu Order is, the three provinces and the six ministries of the three civil officials, the Shangshu Order, the Zhongshu Order, the Door Servants, the Zhongshu Order looks at the emperor's empowerment, and the power can be large or small.

As for Taishi, it is just an honorary title.

"Now the edict will be read by King Yan."

Huang Yueying took a step forward: "The new emperor ascended the throne, respected the Empress Dowager Fushou as the Empress Dowager, and the Han Dynasty started from the first year of Yuan and the first year of the Han Dynasty, enabling the system of three provinces and six ministries.

The three provinces are Shangshu Province, Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province, and the six departments are the Ministry of Officials, the Ministry of Households, the Criminal Department, the Ministry of Rites, the Ministry of War, and the Ministry of Industry.

In addition, there is a royal history platform and a department of letters and visits.

The functions and powers of the Imperial Historical Observatory can supervise all civil and military affairs in the three provinces and six departments, corruption, abuse of power for personal gain, and corpse vegetarian meals, all of which are under supervision.

The Imperial Historical Observatory is directly under the emperor's jurisdiction and is not under the jurisdiction of any department, and the highest department is equivalent to the three provinces, and subordinate institutions are set up in each locality. ”

Zhong Wenwu was shocked, when Huang Yueying was communicating with the ministers, she only said three provinces and six departments, but did not say this extra Yushitai.

The six ministries of the three provinces were originally perfect, and the criminal department and the official department could all evaluate officials and investigate and deal with criminal officials, but now there are more imperial history stations that can supervise hundreds of officials.

Moreover, the Imperial Historical Observatory is also directly under the emperor and is not subject to the jurisdiction of any department, how much power does this have? I am afraid that in the future, any official will have to look up to the Ministry of Supervision for a snort.

If there is no restraint, the Ministry of Supervision is definitely the most popular department.

"The functions and powers of the Ministry of Letters and Visits are all officials of advice, responsible for summarizing administrative malpractices and civil sufferings, and the highest department is equal to the six ministries, directly under the emperor, and subordinate institutions are set up in various places, directly to the township level.

Township-level departments for letters and visits are required to investigate public opinion on time and accept direct petitions from the people, and departments for letters and visits at all levels are required to accept reports from officials and the people.

If there is a report and refuses to report, and if there is a petition that refuses to accept it, it will be dismissed from the official at the least, and if it causes a major impact, it will enter the criminal punishment.

In addition, there is a Jinyi Guard, directly under the emperor, and the Jinyi Guard is commanded by the emperor himself, and his responsibilities are to supervise the Imperial History Observatory, the Department of Letters and Visits, and have the power to track, infiltrate, and disguise.

Anyone who discovers that the Yushitai is inactive and colluded with administrative officials, and the Letters and Visits Department intercepts and fails to report the flow to curb petitions, up to the head of the Yushitai Letters and Visits Department, down to the township-level officials of the Yushitai Letters and Visits Department, can be arrested, and there is no need to report to any department.

If an official of the Ministry of Letters and Visits commits a crime, the crime will be added to the first degree, and the crime of the Yushitai will be added to the third degree, and any department that prevents Jinyiwei from handling the case will be regarded as rebellion.

Jin Yiwei is only responsible for supervising the Yushitai, the Ministry of Letters and Visits, and the rest of the administrative departments are not within the scope of supervision.

Jinyiwei exceeded his authority to enforce the law and severely punished him. ”

The civil and military forces sighed, the powers of these three departments are greater than the other, but they also limit the scope of responsibilities.

Liu Zhang has always felt that although the system of three provinces and six ministries has strict powers, the constraints on the officials themselves are really weak, and all the two departments that were originally embedded in the six ministries of the three provinces in later generations, the two departments of supervision and admonition, have been stripped out.

Speech officials are not guilty, in ancient feudal society there was already such a understanding, but except for a few bold speech officials, other speech officials were afraid of offending people, so that this department became the most useless department.

In some periods, the official directly became a court decoration, and a large number of royal literati sang praises and virtues.

Liu Zhang spun off this department and became the Ministry of Letters and Visits, which was directly under the emperor and was not subject to any department, that is, they had the space to dare to speak and not be afraid of offending people.

Although the people at the bottom basically have no consciousness to appeal for their own rights, if the magistrate goes too far, such as cheating in the implementation of the land order, setting more for relatives or wealthy families when measuring the standard land, or cheating on the four imperial examinations, etc.

These will definitely arouse the anger of the people, and the people need an outlet to vent, so it is very necessary to petition.

Yushitai itself was responsible for supervision in later generations and had great power, but it was also because it belonged to the system of hundred officials, and there were many constraints, and only by stripping it out could they give them room for safe law enforcement.

And these two departments are obvious, if they are really just directly under the emperor, an emperor can't take care of them, especially the Yushitai, if there is no suppression, it will not be overturned.

The Ministry of Letters and Visits also needs checks and balances, even if this department does not belong to the system of 100 officials and does not have to fear retaliation from other officials, it may also refuse some reports and petitions, conceal them, or omit reports because of bribery and official protection.

Wouldn't the emperor be blind?

Of course, such a department must have a strong constraint, Liu Zhang immediately valued the famous Jinyi Wei invented by Zhu Yuanzhang, this frightening and pervasive department, the threat to the Ministry of Supervision and the Yushitai must be huge.

Yushitai doesn't have to be afraid of any officials, but Jinyiwei is pervasive, if it is favoritism and fraud in the process of supervision, and profit from power, then you must face Jinyiwei, and this deterrent should still be there. (To be continued......)