Li Deyu

Before Ge Shuhan came to the capital, someone advised him to bring more gold silk to save Wang Zhonghe, Ge Shuhan said, "If the straight road still exists, the prince will not die unjustly; If he is about to mourn, what is the bribe", only bring a package and go on the road. Seeing Tang Xuanzong, he tried to show the grievances of Wang Zhonghei, and asked to atone for Wang Zhonghei with his own official title, but the emperor ignored him, and he "kowtowed,

Words and tears", with such subordinates, what kind of person is Wang Zhonghei, the emperor knows it, Tang Xuanzong was finally moved, although he did not forgive Wang Zhonghei for the crime of obstructing military achievements, but he finally raised his noble hand,

Only demoted Wang Zhongsi to Hanyang Taishou, Tianbao seven years, and changed to Handong County Taishou, Tianbao eight years (AD 749), Wang Zhongsi died of depression at the age of forty-four. His son Wang Zhen became a secretary during the Tianbao period.

Ge Shuhan led an army of more than 100,000 to attack Stone Castle City,

Shibao City returned to the hands of the Tang Army, and the Tang Army lost tens of thousands of dead and paid an extremely heavy price.

If Wang Zhongsi is still alive, the Anshi Rebellion is likely not to happen, as Tang Shi said, "But make the dragon city fly, not called Humadu Yin Mountain", but unfortunately history can not be assumed, the tragedy still happened,

Let future generations cry blood.

Should we sacrifice tens of thousands of people to capture Shibao City, we can take a look at a dialogue on the old Tang Dynasty Book Volume 207, Tang Xuanzong said, "Tubo Zanpu tasted my book in previous years,

is disobedient and rude, I want to ask for it, how can I make peace", Huangfu Weiming's answer was, "At the beginning of the Kaiyuan Dynasty, Zampu was naïve, how could it be so." It must be a momentary achievement of the border army generals, and fake this book to anger His Majesty.

The two countries are fighting, rejuvenating the army and mobilizing the people, taking advantage of the convenience of the public, and hiding thieves in the public. Fake merit, Lord Yixi, the damage is huge, what is the benefit of the country! Now Hexi, Longyou. And so it was all because the people were exhausted. If His Majesty sent an envoy to see the princess of Jincheng, because of the peace with Zampu, he made him a minister,

Perpetual Frontier. This eternal generation of the way of the people is also", the monarch's illustrious side merit and the people's peace and contentment, who is more important between the two? Wang Zhongsi made his right choice, he said, "I don't want to exhaust China's strength, to invite fame", the vicissitudes of the sea, Fang shows the true character of a hero,

How many generals in history have regarded the well-being of the people of Li as more important than their own fame? How many generals in history would value the lives of their soldiers more than their own fame? What Wang Zhongsi did proves one point,

He is not only an invincible sword in the hands of a monarch. He was also a real man and a competent general in the Tang Empire.

"The internal official sent an edict to ask Rong Ji, and Jin Luan returned at night.

Thousands of households are lonely, and the dew in the middle of the moon is in the morning clothes", this poem describes Li Deyu's busy life of Zaifu,

It shows a side of Li Deyu's life. Usually, the history books classify Li Deyu as a civilian official, but as everyone knows, he has been a squire and a lieutenant in the military department, and he is an out-and-out warrior who gives orders.

"Eternal goodness" is the pertinent evaluation of him by the people of the time. Li Deyu. The word Wenrao was born in the famous scholar Zhao County (now Zhao County, Hebei) Li family, and his grandfather Li Qiyun served as a doctor of imperial history. His father, Li Jifu, served as the prime minister during the Yuanhe period. Li Deyuqing is better than blue out of blue, and he has worshiped the prime minister twice,

Outstanding political achievements, later generations called "Huichang Zhongxing" (Buddhism called "Huichang Fa difficult"), if not because of the short time in power. Li Deyu's resoluteness and perseverance can make him the first prime minister of Datang, if this is the case, Datang's national status will be greatly extended.

Li Deyu had great ambitions and studied diligently when he was a teenager, especially "Zuo's Spring and Autumn Period" and "Hanshu", but he was reluctant to take the imperial examination with others, thinking that this was self-deprecating, because he was born in a famous family of scholars, and he still became a school scholar by virtue of his menyin.

In 805 AD, Li Jifu served as the prime minister of Yuanhe, and Li Deyu resigned from the government until 816 AD, when Zhang Hongjing served as the envoy of Hedong Jiedu, and Li Deyu became his secretary.

After the death of Li Jifu, Li Deyu followed Zhang Hongjing into the court, worshiped as the supervision of the imperial history, Tang Muzong succeeded to the throne, Li Deyu was elected as a bachelor of Hanlin, and subsequently, he served as the examination of the meritorious Langzhong, the knowledge of the system, the scholar of the Zhongshu, and the imperial history of the Zhongcheng.

Because when Li Jifu was the prime minister, he had political disagreements and-for-tat confrontations with Niu Shengyu, Li Zongmin, and Li Fengji, and they had always had deep grievances, so the three of them transferred their anger to Li Jifu's son, and they had to get rid of it quickly.

Li Deyu was exiled by Li Fengji as an observer envoy in western Zhejiang, Niu Shengyu and Li Fengji respectively served as the prime ministers of the imperial court, and the party struggle between Niu and Li lasted for 40 years.

After Li Deyu arrived in western Zhejiang, he soon showed outstanding political talent. In the past, the area was not very peaceful, and in order to curry favor with the soldiers, the things in the treasury were often given away. Li Deyu is good at managing money, and the treasury has become very full in a few years.

He was also good at soothing the soldiers, and although the rewards were not generous, the soldiers had no complaints. He was even more outstanding in changing customs, and he selected the elders of the old and virtuous to educate the locals, supplemented by strict punishments.

Within a few years, the bad habit of abandoning one's parents was broken. He exterminated the rogues and let the people live and work in peace and contentment, and the people regarded him as a parent official from the bottom of their hearts, and Tang Muzong also issued an edict to praise him.

After Tang Jingzong ascended the throne, he lived a luxurious life and asked for confessions everywhere. As soon as he became the emperor, he asked Zhexi to pay tribute to 20 pieces of silver makeup, and let Zhexi pay tribute to 1,000 horses, Li Deyu refused, pointing out that Zhejiang West has been suffering from drought for many years, and he can't make ends meet, and he really can't hand over the emperor's face project.

And hoped that the emperor would learn from Emperor Wen of Han and reduce the various burdens of the people. The emperor of the Tang Dynasty was really generous, and Tang Jingzong did not have a crooked nose, and quickly granted his invitation.

Since the Yuan Dynasty, Buddhism has flourished exceedingly, and Yan zhòng has affected economic development. In 824 A.D., Wang Zhixing, the envoy of Xuzhou Jiedu, used the excuse of congratulating Tang Jingzong's birthday, set up an altar for monks, and everyone only needed to pay 2,000 money to escape taxes and forced labor.

Li Deyu Shangshu exposed Wang Zhixing, and pointed out sharply that in the Jianghuai region, in order to escape the endowment, the man

If a household has three dings, there must be a monk who is a monk, if it is not prohibited, the Jianghuai region will lose 600,000 strong laborers, which is a very strict thing for the Tang Empire, the emperor was shocked, and hurriedly issued an edict,

Wang Zhixing was forbidden to set up an altar for monks. Li Deyu ruthlessly cracked down on the deception of monks, especially those who sold holy water that cured all diseases. Li Deyu caught one and punished another, and never allowed the monks to swagger and deceive on his territory.

In the third year of Taihe (829 AD), Li Deyu made outstanding achievements in the local area. was named the squire of the military department, Pei Du recommended him to be the prime minister, and Li Zongmin, who was the squire of the ministry at that time, was helped by the eunuchs.

preemptively took the position of prime minister and tried his best to squeeze out Li Deyu. Li Deyu was released as the envoy of the Zheng Hua Festival, and in the fourth year of Taihe (830 AD), Li Deyu became the envoy of the Jiannan Xichuan Festival.

Xichuan is in a dangerous position, bordering Nanzhao and Tubo respectively, before that, Nanzhao entered the Kou and defeated Du Yuanying, and the successor Guo Zhao was sick and could not be a director, and Li Deyu inherited a mess of poor people.

Li Deyu led the people to build a fortress at Qingxi Pass (now Hanyuannan, Sichuan). Take advantage of the terrain to block the attack of Nanzhao, and form a situation where one man blocks the pass and ten thousand people do not open.

In order to be familiar with the terrain, Li Deyu personally traveled all over the mountains and rivers here, drew a map, reported it to the imperial court, and proposed one practical construction after another to Tang Wenzong. Li Deyu also selected militia,

Slow is the farmer, and the urgent is the war, and the so-called "sons of the male side" greatly enhanced the combat effectiveness of the Tang army. In a short period of time, the local area has shown a thriving situation. In the fifth year of Taihe (831 A.D.),

The defender of Victoria in Tibet, Xi Tan, plotted to surrender to the Tang army, and Li Deyu got the city of Victoria in Tibet. It is possible to use this to curb the attack of Tibet, but unfortunately, the prime minister Niu Monk and the child are full of selfishness and do not focus on the country.

He even persuaded Tang Wenzong to return Victoria to Tubo and repatriated all the Tubo soldiers. As a result, they were all killed when they returned. Li Deyu was furious, and the party struggle intensified from then on. Tang Wenzong also regretted it,

He realized that Li Deyu's approach was correct, so he named Li Deyu as the secretary of the military department, and released Niu monks and children, and Li Deyu then became the prime minister, which was his first time as prime minister, however,

Tang Wenzong could not reach the point of trusting him, and he was soon exiled as the envoy of Zhenhai Festival (the author also visited the iron tower built by Li Deyu in Zhenjiang),

It was not until Tang Wuzong came to power in 840 A.D. that Li Deyu became the prime minister for the second time, and he had the opportunity to show his talents and assist the Tang Empire through one stormy wave after another, showing his amazing ability to govern.

During the Huichang period, the Uighurs underwent a series of upheavals that became out of control. In 821 AD, the Uighur Chongde Khan ascended the throne and married Princess Taihe, the daughter of Tang Xianzong, and the Tang and Uighurs coexisted peacefully. However, the Uighurs suffered from disasters and turmoil for many years.

In 840 A.D., the Uighurs defeated the Uighurs and killed the Uighur Khan, and the tribes were scattered, and the Wujie Khan took Princess Taihe to the Tang border and asked for Uighur women and jewelry in exchange for Tang food.

Li Deyu believed that the Uighurs had made great contributions to the Tang Dynasty and should be treated with benevolence and righteousness, so Tang Wuzong lent Wujie Khan 20,000 pieces of grain. I don't want to, Wujie Khan was full of food and drink, and he actually led his troops to loot the land of Yunshuo,

Under the command of Li Deyu, Hedong Jiedu made Liu Wei's subordinate Shi Xiong lead his troops to attack the Wujie Khan, the Uighur army was defeated, the Wujie Khan fled, and the princess Taihe was welcomed back to the Tang Dynasty.

Not long after, Zelu Jiedu made Liu Congzhi fall ill and died, and his nephew Liu Zhi tried to act as Zelujiedu's envoy, and the imperial court sent three groups of envoys.

Only then did I know exactly about Liu Congji's death. How to deal with Liu Zhen, the court had different opinions, and Li Deyu tried his best to disagree and advocated sending troops to fight. He believes that the reason why Liu Zhi dared to argue with the central government was mainly to rely on the support of the three towns of Heshuo, and now as long as Chengde and Wei Bo stand on the side of the central government,

Assist in attacking Liu Zhi, and Liu Zhi will inevitably perish. Of course, if you want to take it, you must give it first, and the imperial court announced to Wang Yuankui, the envoy of Chengde Jiedu, and He Hongjing, the envoy of Wei Bojiedu, that the policy of allowing descendants to inherit remains unchanged.

Tang Wuzong was obedient to Li Deyu, regarded as a heart, and soon, Wang Yuankui defeated Liu Zhijun in Yaoshan, and was named the inspection school Tongping Zhangshi by Tang Wuzong, but He Hongjing was still waiting and did not take any action.

The imperial court ordered the loyal army to quell the rebellion, and through Wei Bo, He Hongjing was frightened, and sent troops to attack Cizhou, severely damaged Liu Zhijun, and was named the left servant of the school inspection by the imperial court. At this juncture, in the third year of Huichang (843),

There was a military rebellion in Taiyuan, and the rebellious soldiers "sent Yang Benzhu to stay in the matter", echoing Liu Zhi, and the shape shì dynasty was not conducive to the development of the imperial court.

The envoy Ma Yuanguan accepted Yang Ben's bribe, saying that Yang Ben's soldiers were strong and strong, and he could not fight, and in the face of the ministers' proposal to strike the army, Li Deyu vetoed it on the spot.

He dispatched troops to calm the Taiyuan Rebellion first, "the king of Yushe raised the Yushe army, and Zhao Yuan Kui tended to Tumen, and he would meet Taiyuan."

Hedong Jiedu, who was stationed in Yushe, made the army worry that his family members in Taiyuan would be killed by foreign troops, and under the leadership of Lu Yizhong, the Hedong supervisor, they invaded Taiyuan, killed Yang Ben, and passed on the first Beijing division.

The Taiyuan Rebellion subsided, Liu Zhi became lonely, lost the support of the three towns in Hebei, and the armies of Chengde and Wei Bo joined forces to attack, even a fool could see Liu Zhi's end. Liu Zhi's army was rapidly divided, Xingzhou, Zhaozhou, and Cizhou defected one after another, and in the fourth year of Huichang (844 AD),

Luzhou general Guo Yi killed Liu Zhi, slaughtered the Liu clan, welcomed the army of the imperial court into the city, and the thirty-one counties of five states were recovered, and it took only thirteen months for Li Deyu to make a high achievement, and he was promoted to the rank of captain, and at the insistence of the emperor, he was crowned the Duke of Weiguo.

Of course, the most eye-catching historian of the Wei Guogong Li Deyu is still the dispute between the Buddha and the friends, from the perspective of the ruling effect alone, Li Deyu, who was born in the aristocracy, is far stronger than the cow monks and children who were born in the Shu clan, and the nobles have their own property to support their families, even if they lose their official positions, they see that the measures are wrong,

There is often the courage to pierce it, and the official position of the Shu clan often maintains the food and clothing of the whole family, and how to keep the official position has become the most important thing, so that it can explain the reason why there are many gentlemen and villains among the Shu clan in the Tang Dynasty.

Also for profound economic reasons, the destruction of Buddha in Huichang is the joint masterpiece of Li Deyu and Tang Wuzong, and it can be said that the revival of the Tang Dynasty's economy is directly related to the movement to destroy Buddhism.

In the second year of Huichang (842 AD), Tang Wuzong ordered the confiscation of the property of monasteries in various places. In the third year of Huichang (843 AD), Tang Wuzong issued a "killing Shamen order", and it is said that the spies of the feudal town disguised themselves as monks and mixed into the capital, and more than 300 monks were killed in Chang'an City.

In the fourth year of Huichang (844 AD), Tang Wuzong forced monks and nuns to return to the world. In the fifth year of Huichang (845 AD), it was ordered to verify the number of temples and monks, Chang'an, Luoyang left two temples, each temple only left 30 monks, the Tang counties each left a temple, the temple has three classes, the upper temple left 20 people, the middle temple left 10 people, the lower temple left 5 people.

A total of more than 4,600 monasteries were demolished, more than 40,000 Lanruo (private monks' residences) were demolished, 150,000 slaves and maids were released, 500,000 beloved people were released from monasteries, and more than 260,000 monks and nuns were returned to the laity.

What the imperial court gained from the extermination of Buddhism was not only a mountain of wealth, but also countless lands occupied by monasteries, and most importantly, a large number of strong laborers who became taxpayers again. (To be continued.) )