Chapter Seventy-One: Steel, Greenhouses, and Porcelain
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In September, Liu Kun ordered Wen Chou to lead 10,000 new soldiers to R&F City and cooperate with Guan Yu to attack the eastern part of Xianbei to end the war before the cold.
Ordered Zhang Jaw to lead 10,000 new soldiers to the Xianbei Royal City, cooperate with Dian Wei to attack the western part of Xianbei, and end the war before the cold.
At the end of September, Pu Yuan finished forging weapons for the generals and came to the general's mansion, saying; I want to learn about turning iron into water and making steel!
Relying on electric steelmaking furnace to make steel, after all, is not a long-term solution, Liu Kun has long intended to build a steelmaking furnace, and said to Pu Yuan one by one: "If the master is interested in getting a glimpse of the whole picture of steelmaking, he might as well build a steelmaking furnace with his own hands!" β
Pu Yuan has always thought that the steelmaking furnace is a magic weapon refined by the master Xuanjizi, but he didn't expect that mortals can also make it!
Thinking that he could build a blast furnace himself, experiment with turning iron into water, and make it a rigid method, Pu Yuan was in a very beautiful mood, and immediately said; Willingly, very willingly!
After Pu Yuan came, Liu Kun collected a lot of information on the construction of blast furnaces from reality! Iron and steel smelting is nothing more than chemical reactions, as well as the mastery of temperature.
In the early days of New China, the whole country made steel, and almost every village had a blast furnace, which shows that the principle of blast furnace steelmaking is not complicated.
Youzhou is located in the north, there are many iron ores, and the conditions for the development of steelmaking here are still good.
If you want to build a large blast furnace, you must have a powerful blower, and the Han Dynasty naturally could not make a powerful blower.
Take it from reality? What's the difference between that and using a real steelmaking furnace directly?
Liu Kun thought about it for a long time and decided to build a small blast furnace first, equipped with a blower pulled by horsepower.
If possible, it could be changed to a hydraulic blast in the future, so that the steel can be made without the support of the real world.
The research data found that the pollution of blast furnace steelmaking is not small, and it cannot be built more, and the technology has been mastered for the time being.
After mastering the technology, a steel mill was built in Anshan. Anshan is in the territory of Liaodong County, which is Liu Kun's sphere of influence, and through the information of later generations, it is known that the iron ore here is of quite good quality.
If you want to make steel, you first need to make metallurgical coke, which is a general term for blast furnace coke, foundry coke, ferroalloy coke and coke for non-ferrous metal smelting.
According to the mining conditions of this period, the coal for refining this metallurgical coke can only be excavated in Bingzhou, and in order to keep it secret, the coal mining should be put down in advance, and then it will be occupied and merged later.
At the end of the Han Dynasty, the conditions were limited, and only simple coke ovens could be made, and two days later, the masons built the coking kiln according to Liu Kun's drawings, and Liu Kun pulled a cart of coking coal from reality.
Under the premise that the air is not isolated in the kiln, the coking coal stacked in the kiln is ignited with the help of the ignition hole on the side wall of the kiln, which takes about eight to ten days.
I have to say that the craftsmanship of the ancient masons is excellent, and the first coking was successful!
With coke, Liu Kun tried to start steelmaking, and the steelmaking blast furnace had been built, and in order to be promoted in the late Han Dynasty, the blast furnace was only 50 cubic meters, which was very small.
A small regenerator was built on a trial basis, and the heat storage effect was good, Liu Kun asked the craftsman to draw a scoop with a gourd, and built three regenerators again, taking turns to supply air to the blast furnace.
Iron in nature is mostly in the form of iron oxides, which exist in iron ore, and blast furnace ironmaking is to extract iron from iron ore by reducing method.
Pu Yuan naturally couldn't understand the original chemical formula, so Liu Kun translated it into the vernacular and handed it to Pu Yuan.
By mid-October, everything was ready, and a lot of coke and iron ore had piled up under the blast furnace.
After the ignition, under the command of Pu Yuan, more than a dozen craftsmen poured iron ore, limestone and other materials from the feed port.
There are many people who come to observe, but it is only Liu Kun's cronies, and Liu Kun does not plan to reveal this news to the outside world.
Pu Yuan ordered: "The time has come, activate the regenerator." β
After a while, the molten iron flowed out of the discharge port, and the expressions on everyone's faces became excited.
Backed by realistic data, there is no difficulty in making steel by soil method, and after the molten iron solidifies, the blacksmith experiments and demonstrates, indicating that it is all good iron.
Since it can fire qualified molten iron, the alloy is even simpler, who told Liu Kun to have a ready-made formula in his hands.
Liu Kun told Pu Yuan that based on the existing refining materials, he would train a group of steelmaking craftsmen as soon as possible for future use.
On the first day of October, in the afternoon, Liu Kun was in the backyard of the General's Mansion, commanding his subordinates to build a vegetable greenhouse.
Kun himself is a carnivore, almost no meat and no joy, whether there are vegetables in winter or not, the impact on Liu Kun is not great,
Every few days, he would go back to reality, and he could bring back some greens from reality, so he never thought about growing his own vegetables.
Now that he has a son, Liu Kun is not very confident about the quality of the real vegetables, and plans to grow them himself, besides, he only needs to bring some materials to grow vegetables or something, and he doesn't have to do it himself.
It just so happened that there was an acre of vacant land in the backyard that could be used, and the housekeeper had already sent someone to clean it up, and Liu Kun pulled back a car of greenhouse skeletons and plastic films, and instructed everyone to install them.
The lady came and whispered to Liu Kun: "My father is here, I have something to discuss with the general, please move to the front hall!" β
When his uncle came, he naturally couldn't wait slowly, Liu Kun handed over the matter of building the greenhouse to the housekeeper, and went straight to the front hall with his wife.
After greeting each other, Liu Kun asked Zhen Yi: "I don't know what happened when my uncle came?" β
Zhen Yi in history was originally sick, if according to the historical process, he would almost die at this time!
However, who asked people to find such a virtuous son-in-law as Liu Kun, with realistic special medicine, the so-called intractable diseases of the Han Dynasty are really not a big deal.
Zhen Yi came here because he sent Zhen Mi home last time, and by the way, he gave Zhen Fu a box of bowls and plates of tableware, this box of high-quality porcelain in the real world attracted Zhen Yi's attention.
The porcelain firing technology of the Han Dynasty has matured, but the types are quite monotonous, generally celadon and black porcelain, which is really not beautiful.
Until the Sui and Tang dynasties, porcelain developed into two major porcelain systems such as celadon and white porcelain, which were dominated by monochrome glaze, and produced porcelain pattern decoration techniques such as carving, scratching, printing, appliquΓ©, ticking, and openwork and perforation.
During the period of the Five Dynasties, the porcelain production technology has been quite superb, and the Henan firewood kiln belonging to the northern porcelain system has the reputation of 'a piece of tile is worth a thousand gold'.
The firewood kiln is the official kiln of Chai Shizong in the Later Zhou Dynasty, which has been counted as the pinnacle of porcelain, and there is a text to praise it; 'Thin as paper, bright as a mirror, sound like a chime, rain over the sky and blue clouds**, such a color for the future'
Although this box of tableware is made in batches by modern technology, although it cannot be compared with the above-mentioned fine products, it is absolutely exquisite compared with the porcelain of the Han Dynasty.
Porcelain is different from glass, Liu Kun has set glass as a luxury jewelry, never sold at a low price, so the sales are limited, but porcelain is different, who has no bowl for dinner.
Zhen Yi has a business vision beyond ordinary people, and immediately found business opportunities from this set of tableware.
For Liu Kun, this is also a good deal, the Zhen family has porcelain workers, Liu Kun only needs to hand over the recipe of porcelain to Zhen Yi, don't worry about it, there will be money rolling in, why not!
immediately assured Zhen Yi, and when he turned around, he asked the master for the formula, and the Zhen family was responsible for manufacturing and selling, and the profit was still fifty-fifty.
Technology can't all be given to the Zhen family, Liu Kun will give one first, if the Zhen family does well, it will not be too late to slowly update in the future!
Don't look at the poor people of the Han Dynasty, one by one they can't eat enough, they can't dress warmly, and there is money in the families of the big families.
Zhen Yi found another way to make money, happily left the General's Mansion, and said in his heart: If the people of the whole country use my Zhen family porcelain, what a big profit!!