Let him and Yang Jian's father and son stand at the same height as the three emperors of Wenjingwu in the Han Dynasty, leaving us a "prosperous era of Wenyang" praised by the times.

It's a pity that Yang Guang was too anxious, too willful and too strong, and finally stepped on the psychological bottom line of the people in the world, causing the Sui Dynasty II to collapse, and letting Li Yuan pick a tender and sweet peach for nothing. During the Sui Dynasty, Yang Jian and Yang Guang, father and son, divided and disintegrated the Turks, was Li Jing so easily defeated in the early Tang Dynasty? However, there was no threat of disintegration of the Turks in the Tang Dynasty, and around 680, the Turks became strong again and began to reconstruct their steppe supremacy.

Tang's attempt to conquer Goryeo ended in a crushing failure, and a new state appeared in the eastern part of the Northeast - Zhen (later renamed Balhae). ”

In the era of Wu Zetian, the Turks were once again strong and powerful, "silently sobbing and defeating China, having arrogance, and the majority of the soldiers and Jieli Shiluo, etc., the land is wide and wide, and all the Tibetans obey orders." "At this time, the Tang army was not the opponent of the Turks at all," (the Turks) took Zhao and Ding's plundered (Tang Dynasty) men and women ** Wan Xi pit, went out of the five rounds, and all the people, animals, gold coins, and children were plundered, and the (Tang) generals did not dare to fight. ”

When Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty "Zhongzong began to ascend the throne, (Turkic) entered the attack on Wusha, so the general manager of the Lingwu Army, Sha Zha, was loyal and fought with righteousness, and was not victorious, and tens of thousands of dead were killed. ”

Li Yuan's father and son were willing to become the emperors of the Turks in order to seize the world: Li Yuan declared himself a vassal to the Turks and took the opportunity to capture Chang'an. Li Yuan wrote in a letter to the Turks: "If you can get from me, do not invade the people, and the income from the conquest, the children and jade silks can be owned." "If you enter Chang'an, the people's land will enter the Tang Dynasty, and the gold and jade silk will return to the Turks."

& Book of Tang clearly recorded: "Gaozu rebelled in Taiyuan, and sent Sima Liu Wenjing of the General's Mansion to Shibi (Turkic) for assistance." At the beginning, he sent his Telle Kang Lili and other horses to sacrifice a thousand horses, and they would be in Jiangxian. and sent 2,000 horsemen to help the army, from Pingjing. and the ascension of the ancestors, the rewards before and after, invincible.

From the beginning to the end, it is proud of its own work; Every time an envoy is sent to Chang'an, there are quite a lot of rampage. "Reward" is unreasonable, the subordinate gives the superior as a tribute, and the superior gives the subordinate as a reward.

Li Yuan was a courtier, and the Turkic Shibi Khan was a king. The Tang book reversed the priorities and confused black and white, and it could not hide the fact that Li Yuan was a minister and paid tribute. 《

The Cambridge History of the Sui and Tang Dynasties in China says: "He (Li Yuan) was fortunate to inherit the great inheritance of the Sui Dynasty.

The system of Li Yuan's new dynasty was established on the solid foundation left over from the previous dynasty. "From a certain Cheng dù: Li Yuan is the big Shi Jingjiao, Li Yuan borrowed troops from the Turks when he raised troops from Taiyuan. The difference is that the Tang Dynasty was a big dynasty and existed for a long time.

Personally, I think that it was the incompetence of Emperor Yang of Sui that caused the Turks to grow and grow during the Great Cause.

Although it is said that the Sui Daozhì Turks are divided into east and west, and the Sui conquered the Turks, but in fact, the Sui did not completely conquer the Turks, and even during the reign of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, Yang Guang was besieged by the Shibi Khan for a month, and the siege was not lifted until the arrival of the Qin Wang soldiers, which shows the strength of the Turks at that time and the attitude towards the Central Plains Dynasty, (your emperor dares to send troops to fight) is 108,000 miles away from submission.

In order to stabilize the rear of Li Yuan's army, like a Turkic minister, no matter what he said, this is also a political gesture, and throughout Li Yuan's era, from rebellion to the establishment of the country, the Turks did not get any specific benefits from Li Yuan (except for the treasures sent by the army), so that the Turks also raided and captured Jinyang.

Throughout Chinese history, the relationship between the royal court of the Central Plains and the northern nomads can be put bluntly in four words. If the Central Plains royal court is stable, there are no problems within its own regime, and the national strength is strong, then no matter how strong the northern nomads are, it is also a dish of the Central Plains royal court.

However, if the Central Plains royal court itself is in darkness and the officials govern the country, the combat effectiveness of the army will be poor, and it will naturally be unable to resist the military invasion of the nomads, and the common people will suffer. In the early Tang Dynasty, the Turks became a strict threat to the Central Plains royal court, which was not the fault of the Tang Dynasty at all, and if it were not for the mistakes of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, the Turks would not have developed so rapidly.

Even so, the Turks did not be able to publicize for long, and in the fourth year of Zhenguan, ** was destroyed by the Tang army, and the khan was captured.

In the second year of Xianqing, the Western Turks were destroyed by the Tang army, and the khan was captured. Even so, the war did not stop completely, until the time of Li Longji, in 745, the Tang army defeated the Turks again, and this victory really conquered the Turks, and under the blows of the Tang army and the Tang servant army, the Turks were incorporated into other peoples, and in the north of the Central Plains royal court, the Turks, as a people, completely disappeared.

Since then, the Tang Empire has never been threatened by the Turks. However, there were still many Turks who migrated westward to avoid the blows of the Tang army, and the Turks who moved westward established a state in Afghanistan and Arabia, which is a later story.

Therefore, from the perspective of these places, Li Yuan was not Shi Jingjiao at all, and it was just a political expediency to declare himself to the Turks when he raised the army, and from the beginning of the army to the ruling after the founding of the country, Li Yuan never betrayed the interests of the Central Plains nation.

Although the Sui defeated the Turks, they never gave the Turks a blow to the Turks, and during the reign of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, the Turks even grew to the great danger of becoming the royal court of the Central Plains, and even the emperors of the Sui besieged them for a month, and it was the Tang Dynasty that gave the Turks a blow to the Turks, several generations of emperors, and the 120-year war finally led the Turks as a nation to completely disappear in northern China.

Yang Guang had extraordinary civil and military talents: leveling the south of the Yangtze River, improving the imperial examination system, opening the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal, defeating Tuyuhun, developing the Western Regions, attacking the Turks, and conquering Goryeo. As for Yang Guang's killing of his father, it is not recorded in the official history.

What's more, Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty pioneered the emperor to personally inquire about the compilation of history, and it is conceivable that the history compiled by the Tang Dynasty would not put a high hat on Yang Guang.

Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty made the "Drinking Horse Great Wall Cave Tour" on his western tour, which has become a famous article through the ages. Both Yang Guang and Li Shimin have a common characteristic: mutilating siblings.

But Yang Guang's civil and military talents are not inferior to Li Shimin. It is a pity that history is written by the victors: Li Shimin became a famous monarch through the ages in the pen of the literati, while Yang Guang became a typical historical villain.

There was no talent, the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and the conquest of Goryeo were done at the same time, which exceeded the ability of the people of that era to bear, and the people were displaced in a precarious situation, and he himself became a lone man and a thief, and died unexpectedly.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is a little smarter than him, both sides have the huge national strength left by Lao Tzu, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty has halved the waste of household registration in the sea, but in his later years, he was able to change the national policy and rest with the people, so the Han Kingdom continued, and Sui II died, but nothing.

Yang Guang and Li Shimin have made great contributions to pacifying the world; They have also made meritorious contributions in the implementation and improvement of the imperial examination system, both of which have defeated the Turks; It also has its own merits in dealing with Tuyuhun and developing the Western Regions; During the period of Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, Goryeo was not subjugated, and Yang Guang also introduced a domestic peasant uprising because of the conquest of Goryeo.

Li Shimin created the rule of Zhenguan, and Yang Guang left behind the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, which will remain in history. At best, the two have their own merits, and Li Shimin's merits in history are not much higher than those left by Yang Guang. The difference is that one is the face of a victor and the other is the face of a loser.

Some people think that Li Shimin is much smarter than Yang Guang. Let's start with the following points. First of all, both of them are emperors and second-generation officials, but what Yang Guang got from Lao Tzu was a powerful empire, with a clear government, a good fighting army, a full treasury, and a population of 4600w, and what about the country that Li Shimin got from his Lao Tzu?

A country that has fought for 20 years, full of desolation, the country has just been established, the people's will has not been paid, and the army is still good at fighting, not to mention the treasury, a country that has fought for 20 years, what can be left, with a population of 1500w. The gap is not a little bit or a half.

Second, internally, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty ruled for 14 years, there were Dou Jiande in Hebei, Du Fuwei in Jianghuai, Wagang Army in Fugongyi, Wagang Army in Henan, Xue Ju in Gansu, Liu Wuzhou in the north, and Li Yuan from Jinyang to Daxingcheng.

These are all named and surnamed, not to mention other small stocks, and the population of Sui has plummeted from 4600w to >

When Li Shimin arrived, he could appease the people internally, let the people recuperate, appease all kinds of exiles, so that they could settle down and survive, and let the condemned prisoners go home for the New Year at the end of the year, and the condemned prisoners did not flee in the coming year, and they came back one by one to continue squatting, and the population also grew from 1500w in the Li Yuan era to the > of Zhenguan 23 years

Third, externally, the war against Goryeo directly led the common people of Hebei and Shandong to live and revolt one after another, and the consequence was the defeat of the Second Expedition to Goryeo, which had already won an initial victory. He was also besieged by the Turks for a month.

As for Li Shimin, most of Tang's founding war was fought by him as the commander, and he only lost one battle, and he happened to have malaria in the battle he lost, so he couldn't command it.

After taking power, the Turks hit Weiqiao as soon as they took over the power, but just after 4 years, Li Shimin turned around and beat **, and even the Turkic boss was arrested.

Although Yang Guang is also a talent, at the age of 20 as the commander to complete the unification of the country, and then build the eastern capital to move the capital to Luoyang, the development of the Silk Road, advocate the imperial examination to attach importance to education, the construction of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal Ze was later generations, the rapid development of Jiangnan in the Tang Dynasty is also German and Italian and Beijing-Hangzhou Canal, conquer the Khitan to conquer Tuyuhun, send troops to the Ryukyus, etc., expand the land for thousands of miles, and the surrounding countries have sent envoys to the court, including the heroine island country at that time.

In short, he is a hero who is not inferior to Li Shimin, but he does not measure the people's strength, ignores the lives and deaths of the people, makes the people displaced, and finally becomes a lone man and a thief and dies, which is a pity.

My own opinion is that the foundation of the Great Sui Dynasty was laid down by Yuwentai, and Li Tang was laid down by the Yang father and son.