ps: Thank you to the readers for the gift of "Li Jinbing", "bill0221", "Death of the Grandfather", "The Farmer is Not Ruthless", "The Tragic Eagle", "Flying 123321", "ghdgfyegyyew", "The Domain of Magic", "Niu Niu 1333", "Dream Love" for the gift to Heaven, thank you, thank you ^_^ for the great "Xiang Minger Jiang" and "The Tragic Eagle" respectively rewarded Heaven 100 Zongheng coins o(∩_∩)o haha~, and finally special thanks to the reader Da" "Dancing Wind" rewards Heaven 3760 Zongheng coins in one go, allowing you to break the ^_^ bank

Target plane, August 1943, Yan'an Zaoyuan Auditorium, where an economic lesson is being given at this time.

As mentioned above, the opening of the "mutual market" in Yan'an and the trading of silver dollars shook many merchants in the northwest region, including the Jin merchants. However, when the "mutual market" was opened, it did not go well, and many cadres did not understand why they should do business with the exploiters of the capitalists. When Wang Fan first put forward this proposal, although the top level of the Red Party clearly understood, many middle-level cadres did not understand the importance of the economy in later generations and the cruelty of economic warfare. But after all, in reality, they are the main force and managers who operate the "mutual market", so it is particularly important to enlighten and explain their economy.

At the same time, because of the limited historical era and progress of the target plane, although there are economists at the top of the Red Party who understand Das Kapital, after all, they lack decades of social experience in later generations, and it is too black and white to talk about, and capitalism will inevitably perish.

In the small hall of Zaoyuan, after strict political examination and comparison of later generations, hundreds of middle- and high-level cadres of the Red Party who confirmed that there was no identity problem gathered together, and the black pressure was suppressed.

"Everyone is quiet, I'll talk about a few disciplines!" Zhou Enlai held the microphone of later generations in his hand and said solemnly on the podium: "For a while, you are only allowed to listen, not to take notes (there are many theories that are too avant-garde, once they are known by capital powers such as the Stars and Stripes, it will be a layer of window paper for others, and it will be transparent at one point), this time the focus is to update the concept and improve and update the understanding of the Marxist economy in our minds before." In addition, although Comrade Wang Fan is young, he has studied the economy in depth, and no one can rank seniority by age, look down on others, and make trouble, understand? ”

"Got it!" The hundreds of people below replied in unison.

After hearing the answer of the people below, Zhou Enlai nodded at the person at the door, who went out to call Wang Fan in, and Zhou Enlai himself stepped down from the podium and sat in an empty seat in the first row.

A minute later, Wang Fan sat down on the podium.

"Ahem, hello everyone, today I am here to discuss with you the relationship between socialism, capitalism, planned economy and market economy. Of course, everyone knows differently, understands differently, and will have different opinions, and I am just a family here, not all of them are right, you can raise objections, but I hope to wait until I finish the whole lecture before asking questions, don't ask questions halfway, interrupt other people's lectures, okay? ”

"Good!!" Quite a few replied.

"Then let's start, let's talk about ** and socialism first. Everyone has studied Marxism-Leninism, which is the ultimate goal of our party, a society in which materials are greatly enriched, the quality of the people is greatly improved, and the society is distributed according to needs. In the vernacular, the ** is, for example, new clothes, you can take as many pieces as you want, pork, you can eat as many catties as you want, everyone says it's good? ”

"Okay, hehehe~~" The people in the audience laughed out loud when they heard it.

"Of course, there is a prerequisite for living these good things, that is, the society must produce enough and enough commodities, so much that we 40,000 people are inexhaustible, and the enough commodities here are actually the productive forces mentioned by Marx in Capital. Everyone understands that only when the productivity of society as a whole reaches an extremely high level can enough goods be produced, right? ”

"Yes, yes!"

"Now the reality of our country is that the domestic productive forces are relatively low, and we cannot produce enough goods, and it is estimated that for a long time in the future, I am afraid that it will not reach that level, so we say that now our country is in the primary stage of socialism, that is, socialism, which is the interrelationship between socialism and socialism."

"Oh~~"

In fact, in Marx's imagination, ** is the product of the development of capitalism to the extreme, and there is no mention of socialism, why do I say this, because in Marx's imagination, after feudalism, it is capitalism, and those capitalists in capitalist countries who control a large number of means of production, in order to maximize the exploitation of the surplus value of laborers, will definitely try to increase productivity, that is, in the same time, More and more goods are produced. There is a problem here, how can we improve productivity, the world generally relies on new technologies, new technologies, new equipment, and so on. ”

"These capitalists, while seeking to maximize their own wealth, will unconsciously promote the development of productive forces. Think about it, with the improvement of productivity, the value created by laborers through labor accumulates rapidly, and social wealth has been growing, but the vast majority of the new growth of wealth is concentrated in the hands of a small number of people, from the data, the final result is likely to be that 1% of the population has 99% of the social wealth, and the descendants of a capitalist do not have to work all their lives, and the life they enjoy is likely to be far better than the wealth obtained by a poor person in his life, so that the social contradictions will accumulate deeper and deeper. Bang, the poor people revolted, overthrew the capitalists, gained state power, and realized the redistribution of social wealth. At the same time, because at that time the productive forces of the country had reached a very high level, close to or could partially achieve distribution according to demand, that is, **, so as to accelerate the advance towards ** after the uprising, which is the future depicted by Marx as I understood it. Wang Fan said here and took a sip of water.

Many people in the audience began to ponder, for them, they have learned various isms for many years, but they do not have a very vivid understanding in their minds, most of them are abstract concepts, such as Marxism-Leninism, dogmatism, take-it-ism, etc., Wang Fan's explanation is very vernacular, but it is easy to understand.

"The following is our Yanhuang themselves, we have been affected by some historical, geographical and cultural reasons, and have been a feudal country for more than 2,000 years, that is, feudalism, and then invaded and oppressed by foreign enemies, becoming a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country, and then the national awakening overthrew the feudal Qing Dynasty, and the Republic of China was established, until now. But during this period, we have noticed that we lack the accumulation of hundreds of years of capitalist development like foreign European countries and the American Stars and Stripes Republic, that is, the accumulation of productive forces, the accumulation of science and technology, equipment, talents, culture, and law, and we jumped from the feudal country to Marx's **, which also caused the innate accumulation of domestic productive forces to be insufficient, so we can only be the primary stage of the first here, that is, socialism. ”

"Oh~~~"

Then everyone can think for themselves, how to make up for the lack of productive forces, because we have already practiced socialism, and we will not allow the situation of people eating people and oppressing people again, so who will be responsible for promoting the productive forces and developing the social productive forces? It can only be brought forward by the state, and it can be simplified, that is, the public ownership economy, what is the public ownership economy, that is, the state directly controls and directly controls the factories, and the factories belong to the state and all the factories owned by the people, such as large oil refineries, large steel plants, large power plants, etc., everyone think about it, is it good? ”

"Of course, we have turned over and become the masters of the country!" A cadre said loudly.

"Well, yes, let's be in charge, the public economy can reflect this special xìng, this is what the Soviet Union did, they call it a planned economy, everything depends on zhèngfǔ deployment, but there are two hidden dangers in this!" Wang Fan suddenly said solemnly.

"What's the hidden danger?" Many people heard Wang Fan say that there would be hidden dangers in the great and bright ** public ownership, and they couldn't help but feel dissatisfied and a little worried, and asked out loud.

"First, the level of people's education determines the quality of the person itself, we ourselves hope to take shortcuts, the people have a saying, standing is better than sitting, sitting is better than upside down. In the public-owned economy, there may be low efficiency, grinding foreign workers, and cooking in a big pot, that is, doing more and doing less of the same, and not doing the same. Why do you say that, let me give you an example, in the future, if the bicycle is only produced by the state, then the quality of the car is a little worse, the style is a little older, it doesn't matter to the factory and the workers, because it can be sold anyway, for the people, you can only buy this brand and style of bicycle, because there is no other brand on the market. ”

"How many more bike factories can be built?" Someone asked.

"Okay, let's build a few more bicycle factories, the problem is, all bicycle factories are national, for example, there are 3 in total, the first one is of good quality and takes a long time, the second one is of average quality, and the third one is of poor quality, everyone will definitely buy the first one, right?"

"Definitely!"

"So in a few years, the second family may still be alive, what about the third? It is very likely that the bicycle will not be sold, lose money, and the salary will not be paid, at this time, what should the country do? Is it allowed to go bankrupt? What about those workers who go bankrupt? Do you need to find a place or find other factories to settle in, so can these grinding and mixing people still get wages and have someone to support? In this case, what do the first and second bicycle factories think? I work hard all day here, Jīng begs Jīng, he plays cards and rests every day, and still has a salary, how good and beautiful that life is, I want to live it too. So the first and second bicycle factories are also reluctant to work hard, the quality of bicycles on the market is getting worse and worse, but you don't have a choice, you can only buy these two to buy a bicycle, right? Because there is no other factory to produce, the remaining two look at it, it's very good, I don't produce well, the bicycle is still sold, so what is it so hard to do, so it is more and more not serious! ”

"Hmm~~~~" The people in the audience began to whisper.

"Let's think about it, although these three bicycle factories are public and belong to the state, but they monopolize the entire domestic bicycle industry, in essence, there is no difference between the monopoly capitalists of capitalism, not only can not promote the development of productive forces, but will delay and hinder the development of social productive forces, this is the first big problem, the second hidden danger is that everyone likes different styles and tastes, you are not tall, you may like a shorter bicycle, he is very tall, naturally likes a taller bicycle, But when you look at the market, there are only medium-sized bicycles, and at the same time there are only black sè bicycles, even if you say I like red sè, but when it comes to the manufacturer, will the manufacturer produce red sè bicycles? Probably not, why? Because the black sè can be sold, why bother to produce the red one? This is the second problem, under the planned economy, the response of publicly-owned enterprises to social individuals is relatively slow! ”

"Comrade Wang Fan, when you say this, doesn't it mean that ** is inferior to capitalism?" A Red Party cadre asked unceremoniously.

"Comrade, please listen to me first, and then we will discuss. To put it bluntly, in addition to the public-owned factories, there are also factories opened by small private owners, the factory is his, the money is his, and the money is also his, so people are profit-seeking, and the so-called world is bustling for profit, and the world is bustling for profit. The factories of these small private owners are of moderate scale, their output is not large, and the purchase of raw materials is more expensive, which everyone should be able to understand, they are all buying cloth, and the unit price of a hundred pieces of cloth and a million pieces of cloth is definitely different. But what are these small business owners doing in order to seize the market and keep the factory alive? That's what I just said, find out the quality of the vehicle, the face of the vehicle, the factory price of the publicly-owned factory bicycle is 30 yuan, but the quality is average, the factory of the small business owner produces 40 yuan, which is 10 yuan more expensive, which is not less, but the quality is good, and the face can be colorful, which one will you choose? Everyone's preferences are different, some people pay attention to the price, naturally choose the first one, and some people pay attention to quality or appearance, so as to buy the second one! This place where ordinary people can choose is called the market, and if you put it in books, it is called a market economy! ”

"So do we choose a planned economy or a market economy?"

"This question is a good question, my point of view is in the important areas related to the national economy and people's livelihood, such as the military industry, heavy industry, the implementation of a planned economy, the state overall arrangement, to prevent pollution and waste of resources; In the light industry and service industry, light industry refers to the textile industry, cloth, clothing industry, etc., and the service industry refers to restaurant waiters, shavers and the like, these industries require factories to respond quickly and turn around quickly, so public-private partnerships or pure private partnerships are allowed, enriching the variety of market products, so that the people can choose which commodity is good and which commodity is poor with the money in their hands, and the survival of the fittest and natural selection are implemented! ”

"Wouldn't this allow the capitalists to continue to exploit a part of the working people?" After listening to this, some cadres frowned and asked.

"We can legislate to require the company to implement a minimum wage in a joint venture or a purely private factory, and a part of it must be employee shares, and enjoy the same dividends as the manager at the end of the year, so as to protect the interests of employees to the greatest extent."

"What if the factory fails?"

"In the future, the state will raise the price of low-cost public rental housing, to ensure that the homeowners have their own houses, and at the same time those who work in state-owned factories will have lower wages than those who work in public-private partnerships and private factories, that is, the greater the risk, the greater the return, working in state-owned factories, you can't make a fortune, and if you do a big job in the private sector, you can become rich, build a big yard, etc., in short, we must protect, not eliminate, reasonable and legal income. Of course, it is impossible to make money and lose money in business, and if a private enterprise fails, the state will implement a minimum guarantee so that everyone can have something to eat. During this period, if these temporary losers want to make a comeback, they can continue to start a business, if they are discouraged and rely on the state's subsistence allowance, there is no problem in eating. Wang Fan took another sip of tea, and then said: "Of course, now we have not obtained the national power, saying this is mainly to give everyone an overall understanding, at this stage, we open the 'mutual market' for two purposes, one is to ensure that the "market" I just mentioned has always existed, and the other is to use economic means to sort out and unify the country's currency market, that is, to expel legal tender, promote the 'meritorious currency' system, and lay a solid foundation for the future founding of the country." ”

ps: The above views are just the economic structure in the heart of Heaven, there must be many shortcomings, I hope that readers will be a little merciful ^_^ when spraying