"The white-haired Xiao Xiao is lying in the middle of the Ze, and he is lonely and loyal by heaven and earth. Su Wu had been eating for a long time, and he was angry and chewing his teeth. Drizzle spring on the forest garden, decadent night moon Luoyang Palace.

The strong heart is not old, and he can still be a ghost male when he dies", Suiyang fell for three days, and the army of the imperial court arrived, but it was too late, and Qiu Xiao, the Taishou Lu of the county, was killed by the court because he refused to send troops.

The Tang army successively recovered Chang'an and Luoyang, and straightened the crumbling country. Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan's lonely loyalty, so that the emperor was deeply moved, the emperor issued an edict, posthumously presented Zhang Xun as the governor of Yangzhou, posthumously presented Xu Yuan as the governor of Jingzhou,

Nan Jiyun for the opening of the palace with the three divisions, and shade and descendants, Zhang Xun's son Zhang Yafu canonized as the general of Jinwu, Zhen Yuan years, Zhang Xun's wife as Mrs. Shenguo, give silk praise.

Since then, the reputation of "Yue Fei of the Tang Dynasty" has been noisy, but if Zhang Xun is lucky and rescued,

How will he face the people of Suiyang who are eaten by him? Han Yu praised Zhang Xun, "Defend a city, defend the world, the world will not die, whose merit is it", since it is the ruler's home world,

It's no wonder that the people of Suiyang are used as food and grass. Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan, who had eaten up the Suiyang people, were actually praised by the new Suiyang people who immigrated to the temple, this kind of historical paradox is too heavy to bear. Mencius said,

If the national interests are based on the food of tens of thousands of people, there is no need for such a country, but it is a pity that

The principle of putting the people first has violated the taboo of the ruling class, and history has been smeared beyond recognition.

Zhang Yichao

"Hexi has fallen for more than 100 years, and the road is blocked by Xiao Guan Yan Xinxin. General Ryde opened the old road, and the world knew that he was famous", he was an unborn hero in the history of the Tang Dynasty, a lonely loyalty, moving the heavens and the earth, he was a famous general in the history of the Tang Dynasty, and he recovered Hexi.

Meritorious in the future, Zhang Yichao, a good man who cherishes his homeland, he is the pride of the Tang Dynasty soldiers. He is a model for future generations in China.

According to the record of "Zhang Huaishen Tablet", Zhang Yichao was born around the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan (799 AD) and died in the thirteenth year of Xiantong (872 AD) at the age of seventy-four. Magnificent

The wind and clouds were turbulent, smearing the sky of the late Tang Dynasty with incomparably gorgeous colors, although the remnant sun was like blood, but it was full of radiance.

Zhang Yichao is a native of Shensha Township, Dunhuang County, Shazhou today, his ancestral home is Nanyang, his father Zhang Qianyi once worked in the Tang Dynasty as a secretary of the Ministry of Industry, and the Zhang family lives in Hexi.

In Shazhou, it is the crown of the wang family. According to historical records, there is at least one brother and sister above Zhang Yichao. The elder brother's name is Zhang Yitan, and he is the father of Zhang Yichao's successor, Zhang Huaishen.

Later, he voluntarily entered the Tang Dynasty as a hostage, and died in the capital Chang'an, his sister's name was Zhang Meimei, and she became a nun and became a nun with the name of the law, and there was a bhikshuni in the statue of Cave 156 of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang.

It's the real body of the empty portrait.

Shazhou (present-day Dunhuang), where Zhang Yichao was located, was located at the western end of the Hexi Corridor. And the Hexi Corridor was the base of the Tang Dynasty to operate the Western Regions.

It maintains a steady stream of trade between the East and the West. During the Zhenguan period of Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, Shazhou was subordinate to Longyou Dao, and during the Jingyun period of Tang Ruizong. Longyou Road is divided into two roads, and Shazhou belongs to Hexi Road. In the fourteenth year of Tianbao (755 AD),

"Yuyang Mo came agitatedly and broke the song of the neon clothes and feathers", the Three Towns Festival made An Lushan rebel in Fanyang under the banner of killing Yang Guozhong under the banner of Fengmi edict. drove all the way and occupied many counties in Hebei.

Tang Xuanzong's improper measures, the guide zhì Tong Pass was lost, the door of Chang'an was wide open, and he had to go to Shu for refuge.

The emptiness of the Tang army in Hexi and Longyou,

From the first year of Qianyuan (758 AD) to the second year of Guangde (764 AD), the Tang army struggled to support in isolation.

Liangzhou and Guazhou fell one after another, and Shazhou became the last stronghold of the Tang army in the Hexi Corridor. When Zhang Yichao was born, the Tibetan army was besieging Shazhou, and the soldiers and people in the city were united and held out for 11 years.

At that time, Zhou Ding, the assassin of Shazhou, saw that there was no hope for help, and wanted to burn the city to the east, but was strongly opposed by the troops.

There was a shortage of food in the army, and the Yan Dynasty posted a notice, "out of the silk end, raise a bucket of wheat", and the people responded enthusiastically, until the second year of the establishment of Tang Dezong (781 AD), Shazhou ran out of food due to ammunition.

Fell into the hands of the Tibetans. Before surrendering, the Yan Dynasty solemnly agreed with the Fan general Qi Xin'er not to displace the people of Shazhou, so that the Zhang, Li and other Han clans could be preserved and became the spark for the future recovery of Hexi.

After the fall, the people of Hexi and Longyou were in the midst of dire national oppression, and were all regarded as untouchables by the slave owners of Tibet.

When Han people walk on the street, they must bend down and bow their heads when they see the Tibetan people, and they are not allowed to look directly. The custom of the Tibetan people is that they are noble and strong, and they are old.

The old and weak Han people faced the miserable situation of killing them all, and they were "cut off and gouged in their eyes" and regarded as livestock. In order to sever the blood ties between the Han people and the Tang Dynasty,

Tibetan slave owners strictly forbade Han Chinese to wear Han costumes, requiring them to wear their hair braided to the left like the Tibetans. Every New Year's Day, the Han people wear the long-lost Han clothes and worship their ancestors.

couldn't help crying loudly, bowing in the direction of Datang, expressing their endless thoughts. During the reign of Dezong, the Tang Dynasty made Wei Lun pass through Helong when he returned to Chang'an from Tubo.

Seeing that the local Han people were covered in fur, they had been peeking at the Tang envoys, and they burst into tears, hoping that Wang Shi could save the people from fire and water. During the Kaicheng period (836 A.D. - 840 A.D.), Tang envoys went to the Western Regions.

Passing by the long-fallen prefectures of Gan, Liang, Gua, Sha and other prefectures, the Han people were very excited to see the festival of the envoys of the Tang Dynasty.

Although it has been several generations, the local Han people still miss their homeland and consider themselves to be the subjects of the Tang Empire, and this strong popular base has prepared the greatest possibility for Zhang Yichao to recover Hexi.

The folk customs of Kansai have always been fierce, Zhang Yichao has studied literature and martial arts since he was a child, and has grown into a generation of good disciples who are both civil and military. He admired Feng Changqing, the famous general who was framed in the Anshi Rebellion, very much.

Determined to take Feng Changqing as an example, he once copied "Feng Changqing's Death Expression" one by one. He was extremely dissatisfied with the current situation of the cruel oppression of the Han people by the slave owners in Tibet, and once copied the "Unknown Song" by hand.

I have deep sympathy for the people of Hexi. "The world is boiling and accumulating years, and people are miscounting when it comes to thousands of dollars. Attached to Guo planted two hectares of land, and the torment is not charged with eleven taxes".

At this time, the Tang Empire implemented the strategy proposed by Li Yu. Uniting the Uighur Khanate and the Arab Empire, the arrogance of the Tibetan was severely attacked, and the Southern Zhao re-became a vassal of the Tang Dynasty, jointly building an encirclement against the Tibetans.

In the first year of Emperor Wuzong of the Tang Dynasty (841 AD), Tubo encountered a famine in Yanzhòng. There is a situation of "the dead sleeping on each other",

In the second year of Emperor Wuzong of the Tang Dynasty (842 AD), Tubo Dharma Zampu was assassinated by monks, but no son succeeded to the throne

, the queen set up her three-year-old nephew as the new Zampu, which was strongly opposed by Tubo, and since then the war has been in trouble.

Tibet was plunged into civil strife without days or rest, internal and external troubles, and its national strength declined rapidly. The Han people of Shazhou seized the opportunity, under the leadership of Zhang Yichao, in the second year of Dazhong (848 AD).

In one fell swoop, Shazhou was recovered. The rebels repelled many counterattacks by the Tibetan army and established their own Han base in Shazhou.

The spark of a spark can set the prairie on fire, and it is also recognized in Tibetan books, "It is like a bird soaring, a hundred birds shadowing it, and the four directions are in an uproar." The world is in chaos",

After the Tibetan ministers grasped the overall situation of Tibet, they launched a cruel revenge against the Han people in the Hexi Corridor area, "plundering eight prefectures such as Shanxi and Kuo in Hexi." Kill his Ding Zhuang, cut down his old man and his woman",

It aroused the strong indignation of the Han people, who no longer wanted to act as the obedient people of the Tubo people, and they fought bloodily to fully support Zhang Yichao in recovering the entire Hexi Corridor. In order to convey the news of the restoration of the homeland to the Tang Dynasty.

With the military support of the central government, Zhang Yichao sent ten teams of envoys, carrying the same documents, to embark on a tragic journey through the desert, nine of which were wiped out on the way.

Only one team led by a senior monk went through great hardships and reached the location of the Tiande Army (present-day Urad Qianqi, Inner Mongolia).

Under the escort of Li Pi, the defense envoy of the Tiande army, the Shazhou messenger arrived in Chang'an in the first month of the fourth year of Dazhong (850 AD) and met with Tang Xuanzong, who was reigning at that time.

The whole of Chang'an was a sensation, and the imperial court couldn't believe that the Han people could expel Tubo completely by their own strength,

Tang Xuanzong was very emotional, "It is not a good thing to be a general from Guanxi", at this time, it has been two years since Zhang Yichao's Shazhou uprising.

Zhang Yichao took Shazhou as a base, "armor soldiers, ploughing and fighting", and recovered Ganzhou and Suzhou in the third year of Dazhong (849 AD), and in the fourth year of Dazhong (850 AD),

Reconquest of Illinois. The messenger sent to Chang'an brought back the long-awaited news, which greatly encouraged the fighting spirit of the righteous army, and in the fifth year of Dazhong (851 AD), the righteous army swallowed mountains and rivers with anger.

After recovering all the prefectures and counties in the Hexi Corridor except Liangzhou, in August, Zhang Yichao appointed his brother Zhang Yitan as a messenger to carry the pictures of the eleven prefectures of Gua and Sha to report to the imperial court. Tang Xuanzong was impressed by the loyalty and courage of the righteous army,

The edict vigorously commended, "Resist the heart of loyal ministers, and fold the long horn of Kunyi." The story of Dou Rong Hexi can be seen in the heyday; Li Lingjiao's Shooting Surprise Soldiers, Nothing More Than a Righteous Brigade", November,

The imperial court set up the Guiyi Army in Shazhou, commanded the eleven prefectures of Gua and Shazhou, and appointed Zhang Yichao as the envoy of the Guiyi Army, the observer envoy of the eleven states, the secretary of the inspection school and the Ministry of Rites, and the general of Jinwu, Zhang Yitan stayed in Chang'an as a hostage and served as the general of Jinwuwei.

Liangzhou was originally the residence of the Tang Dynasty's Hexi Jiedu envoy, radiating the entire Helong region, and not uprooting this Tubo stronghold.

The gains of the Guiyi Army are in danger of being wasted at any time. From the twelfth year of Dazhong (858 AD), Zhang Yichao's troops marched east to Liangzhou,

Due to the lack of superiority in numbers, it experienced a tug-of-war with the Tibetan army for three years. Liangzhou gathered a large number of Tubo troops, and the Eastern Expeditionary Army only had a total of 7,000 soldiers.

The soldiers of Guiyi sacrificed their lives and forgot to die, and fought bloodily, "the Han family holds the blade like frost and snow, the captives ride the sky wide and have nowhere to escape, the head is in the center of the arrow to accompany the soil, and the blood is splashed with the corpse through the battle jacket", the spirit of the Tang Dynasty is like a high-spirited drumbeat, playing the strongest note of the times,

The corpses of Tubo are all over the field and have been repeatedly hit hard. In the second year of Xiantong (861 AD), the Guiyi army finally recovered Liangzhou and opened up the Hexi Corridor.

In the fourth year of Xiantong (863 AD), the imperial court let Zhang Yichao concurrently serve as the envoy of the Liangzhou Festival, commanding the six states of Liang, Tao, Xi, Shan, He, and Lin.

In 866 A.D., Beiting, Luntai and other places were conquered by the Guiyi army, and the Silk Road, which had been cut off for a long time, was unimpeded again.

The local characters were weathered, and soon they were as good as in the mainland. At that time, there was Tibetan harassment in the south and Uighurs in the north, and the Guiyi army could not relax their vigilance for a moment.

"Horses in the court, training troops every day", and contend with the strong captives. According to the record of "Zhang Yichao's Changing Texts", the Guiyi Army fought three battles with the surrounding strong enemies from the tenth to the eleventh year of Dazhong.

The first time was Tuyuhun invaded Shazhou, Zhang Yichao led the troops to resist, won a complete victory, Zhang Yichao's troops pursued more than a thousand miles, captured the prime minister of Tuyuhun alive, and beheaded him to show the public,

At the time of triumph, the whole army sang "Great Array Music", just like the military might in the Tang Dynasty. The second time was the Uighur and Tibetan plundering of Yizhou, and Zhang Yichao's troops ran long distances and fought to the death with the enemy.

"The two armies met like dragons fighting, and the west of the city was red and bloody", and the Uighurs were defeated and fled in a hurry. The third time was when the rebellious Uighurs hijacked the Tang Dynasty and established the Uighur envoy Wang Duanzhang, and Zhang Yichao led his troops to attack.

Due to the incomplete handwriting, the outcome of this battle is unknown, but Zhang Yichao's situation is conceivable, and crises lurk in danger, and he cannot be taken lightly for a moment.

In the seventh year of Xiantong (866 AD), Tuoba Huaiguang led 500 cavalry into Kuozhou, captured the Tibetan ministers and talked about fear of heat, beheaded them to show the public, and the head was transmitted to Chang'an.

On the way to escape, the subordinates who were afraid of heat met Shang Yanxin, the chief of Hao who belonged to the Tang Dynasty, and was attacked with heavy punches, and his strength was greatly damaged.

"Tubo is in decline", and no longer competes with the Tang Dynasty. With basically no support from the central government, the Guiyi army recovered the entire Hexi.

"A hundred years old, back to the crown. The frontier of the Tang Empire once again reappeared the glory of the Tang Dynasty, and the business travelers were on the way, and the envoys were endless.

Zhang Yichao has been operating in the Hexi region for many years, winning the hearts of the people, and the mess left by Tubo,

Zhang Yichao handled it in an orderly manner. He fully restored the Tang Dynasty system in the area controlled by the Guiyi army.

The tribal system in Tibet was abolished, the prefecture-county-township-li were rebuilt, the population and land were re-registered, and a new tax system was formulated according to local conditions. (To be continued.) )