Chapter 280: The Great Development of the Northeast
The war against Mongolia, with the end of the "Treaty of Jiazi", Lin Dan Khan suffered a heavy blow in this war, and his prestige was also greatly damaged.
When the harsh winter passed, Lin Dan Khan had to consolidate his power everywhere. At this time, many Mongolian tribes no longer obeyed Lin Dan Khan's orders, especially Mobei Mongolia, which had just been ruled by Lin Dan Khan, saw that Lin Dan Khan was no longer good, so they simply collectively put Lin Dan Khan aside and continued to play their own.
And some Mongolian tribes, even if they couldn't defeat Lin Dan Khan, simply went directly to the Ming Dynasty.
With the arrival of spring, another year has passed.
Looking back on the four years of the Apocalypse, Zhu Youxiao found that he had temporarily swept away the external threat, and Jiannu had basically been completely eliminated.
Now there are only a few remnants of Jiannu left, and according to the information detected from the Mongolian side, Huang Taiji is likely to have fled to the Central Asian steppes with the remnants of Jiannu.
Jiannu, Zhu Youxiao's confidant, was finally swept away. This process is not difficult, Jiannu itself is just a bandit group that cannot be put on the stage, and the only way to enter the Central Plains is that those bureaucrats and capitalist classes in the late Ming Dynasty chose to cooperate with foreign races, and then followed behind to rob the common people's money, land, and women.
It is not surprising that Jiannu was easily eliminated.
With the defeat of the Mongols in the fourth year of the Apocalypse, it is impossible for Jiannu to resurrect. After the Mongols were taught a lesson, they should be honest within a few years.
In addition, in the fourth year of the Apocalypse, import and export tariffs were established. And opened up the territory of Jilin, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia and Zhendong provinces.
"In the fifth year of the Apocalypse, it is not appropriate for the imperial court to continue to expand in the northern region, and the land we occupy is already too much to digest." Shen Yu suggested to Zhu Youxiao in the New Year's plan at the end of the year. Zhu Youxiao nodded. said: "Planning for the coming year. Emphasis should be placed on the development of the Northeast region by immigrants. Expansion can be temporarily stopped. ”
Together with the two islands in Zhendong Province, there are more than 400 million mu of cultivated land in the northeast region, most of which has not been developed at present. After the beginning of spring, there are still 700 million mu of grassland to be distributed.
This is not something that can be done in a year or two, but requires long-term digestion.
To develop these lands, it is necessary to clear land and build roads. In addition, it is necessary to develop mining and so on, and at least the supply of coal must be guaranteed! Otherwise, it will be inconvenient to heat in winter. For example, pastoral areas should ensure that cattle and sheep do not freeze to death in winter. In fact, as long as you take good insulation measures, you can do it. If the herders can build the insulated sheds and have a supply of coal, the problem of too cold in winter can basically be solved.
At that time, every winter, that is, when it snows, the sheepfold will not be crushed by the snow.
Of course, the herders don't have the money to build a sturdy insulated sheepfold, after all, they used to be nomadic herders, so what's the use of building so strong? The sheepfold or something, basically, is to ensure that there is no wind leakage in winter. Therefore, once the Mongols encounter a cold winter, it is very normal for a large number of cattle and sheep to freeze to death.
Therefore, the next development of grassland, the Ming Dynasty also needs to introduce some subsidy measures. Help the Mongolian herders build strong sheepfolds so that they can afford and buy coal. It is used for the insulation of the sheepfold in winter.
As long as the cattle and sheep of Mongolian herders are not frozen to death in winter, they can live in peace and will not cause chaos. This was very important for the Ming Dynasty to maintain its rule over the grasslands.
In the fifth year of the Apocalypse, the main energy of the Ming Dynasty was to digest the northeast region.
"Speeding up development outside the customs will help us build a more socially equitable region with a better tax collection system. In the future, the Northeast region will also become an important part of maintaining the stability of our Ming Dynasty. The Northeast region will not only provide us with a large amount of food, but also provide more tax revenue for our Ming Dynasty. Therefore, this year, we will continue to adopt a policy of maintaining stability internally, and for the time being, we will not need to directly touch the interests of the old interest groups. It is only necessary to continue to do a good job in disaster relief, resettlement, governance, and suppression of riots. Zhu Youxiao formulated a five-year development strategy for the Apocalypse, and all the ministers of the Han Emperor Party present agreed with this line.
This is undoubtedly the safest route for development.
We will continue to maintain internal stability, and through policies such as disaster relief, immigration, and tax exemption, we will ensure that good people who can't live can survive and will not be forced to rebel. At the same time, the crackdown on the mob was intensified.
The interior will be stabilized first, while the development focus will be on the Tohoku region.
First, the economy should be boosted, and the commercial grain base should be built, and then a stable source of financial revenue would be provided for the imperial court.
At that time, Zhu Youxiao will be able to completely unleash his hands and feet and crack down on traditional interest groups.
Eating and waiting for the royal family to die?
After more than three generations, all of them changed jobs and went to work, and the court did not support them.
Tax-exempt taxis?
Since then, there has been no such good thing, and all taxes are obediently paid, whether it is agricultural tax or commercial tax.
But now it's just a matter of thinking about it, if those scholars really rebel together, it's no problem to suppress it with Zhu Youxiao's current strength, but the common people will be unlucky. Tossed it, it's enough for Daming to drink a pot.
After the overall strategy has been decided, the budget for the new year has been decided.
The five-year financial budget of Tianqi reached 100 million yuan, after the reform of the tax system of Beizhili, and now the development and growth of the industry of Beizhili, the total tax revenue of Tianqi in Beizhili for the first time exceeded 30 million yuan, and the five years of Tianqi are estimated to be no less than 40 million yuan of tax revenue, because at this time the investment of Beizhili is still very huge, and the industrial development is also very promising.
Especially after the imposition of import and export tariffs, some commodities in Beizhili have an advantage in foreign trade. Therefore, it should not be a big problem for the tax revenue of Beizhili to exceed 40 million yuan in the fifth year of the Apocalypse.
Combined with the revenues from seigniorage, salt, and agricultural taxes, as well as the revenues of the customs, the budget of 100 million yuan is still relatively conservative.
It's just that because we don't know how much customs revenue is, we don't set the budget too high.
It seems that there is a lot of money, but there are also many places where money is spent, and in many places Zhu Youxiao has not invested much silver since he ascended the throne.
For example, in the case of education, it stands to reason that a country's fiscal expenditure on education should account for a large proportion. However, Zhu Youxiao has no way to invest too much money in education.
Of course, education is also beginning to develop. It's just that the scale of official investment in education is not very large. In the five years of the Apocalypse, only 5 million yuan was invested in education. Basically, it's about spreading out the education aspect a little bit first.
The main financial investment is still in the development of the Tohoku region. The budget for this area has reached nearly 50 million yuan, mainly for the construction of roads, water conservancy and towns, as well as for the cost of resettlement.
The budget for military spending is 35 million yuan, and the rest of the funds are used to maintain administrative expenses.
For the development of the Northeast region, as soon as the first month arrived, the imperial court began to exert its strength.
First of all, it is necessary to step up the construction of the production corps, directly overturn the plan that was set before, and decide to put 20 production corps in the northeast region in the fifth year of the Apocalypse.
20,000 conscripts per production corps. The number of conscripts recruited in the five years of the Apocalypse has been increased to about 500,000.
These 20 production corps will be formed within half a year, and then they will be put into the northeast region to develop military cantonments and reclaim land in the northeast region.
Among them, they are mainly concentrated in the Songnen Plain and the Sanjiang Plain, and the 20 production corps will serve as the vanguard of the reclamation of these areas.
At the same time as increasing the production corps, Zhu Youxiao ordered the distribution of pasture.
After some statistics, there are a total of 110,000 Mongolian households who have taken refuge in the Ming Dynasty, and each household is allocated 5,000 mu of grassland, which means that more than 500 million mu of grassland has been allocated.
The remaining 200 million acres of grassland. Among them, 50 million acres were established by the Royal Agricultural Company as a military horse farm, and 150 million acres were contracted and operated by businessmen of the Royal Consortium. Zhu Youxiao's participation in the shares, also set up a military horse farm.
These 200 million acres of grassland are mainly used for cultivating and producing military horses, and then purchased by the imperial court.
Zhu Youxiao wanted better military horses, but the Mongols obviously couldn't provide them. How to raise Mongolian horses, after all, it is still Mongolian horses.
The Mongolians naturally understand what kind of hybrid cultivation technology, but they do not have the ability and conditions for long-term cultivation.
The Mongols mainly raised cattle and sheep, providing wool, leather and beef and mutton for the Ming Dynasty, and the Ming Dynasty would not rely too much on them in the future in terms of military horses, but the Mongolian post horses were still needed by the Ming Dynasty.
These military horse farms will also employ Mongolian herders to raise horses, but some technical work will be done by Han Chinese, such as breeding new breeds of war horses, preventing diseases, managing pastures, and so on.
In the grasslands ruled by the Ming Dynasty, some central towns will be built in the fifth year of the Apocalypse, and the role of these central towns is obvious, first, they can be used to trade with the Mongols, and secondly, they can allow the Ming to occupy these grasslands for a long time.
Once the town was built, as long as the artillery was put on the city wall and some troops were sent to garrison it, the Mongols could only look at the city and sigh, and they could occupy the surrounding area for a long time.
If the Mongols want to counterattack, it is almost impossible.
In Zhu Youxiao's policy, the Mongols were ostensibly self-governing, but in reality they were not worthy of the name. It is just that it does not directly manage Mongolian herders, but it still strictly controls land, laws, taxes, etc. Although the Mongol aristocracy could tax Mongolian herders, they could not tax commercial activities.
There is no need to be in a hurry to build these towns, anyway, they will be built step by step, a few times a year, and in a few years, all the grassland areas currently occupied will be included in the scope of long-term occupation.
With the development of the times and the continuous improvement of the productivity of the Han people, the threat of nomadic people like Mongolia to the Han people is actually getting smaller and smaller.
The Ming Dynasty learned the lesson of the Song Dynasty being destroyed by the nomads, and adopted the method of building high walls to deal with the nomads. In fact, it is still very effective, at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Jiannu entered the customs several times and plundered, not because there was no intention to occupy Beijing, but because the walls of Beijing were too high and too thick.
It's just that such a national policy prevents the outside, but it can't protect the inside. No matter how strong a fortress is, it will collapse from within.
Therefore, these towns actually don't need to build the city wall too perverted, after all, the Mongols have poor ability to attack fortifications, and it is even more difficult for the Mongols to get close after erecting the artillery base, and the city wall is almost repaired, and it is a waste of manpower and material resources to build too high and thick.
At the same time, the imperial court began to encourage the people to emigrate to Liaodong, as long as they were willing to immigrate to Liaodong, the government provided transportation and food along the way.
When you get to Liaodong, you can also arrange work.
At this time, in the Northeast region, the best foundation is naturally Liaodong. After about a year of restoration, the eastern Liaodong region has become a large construction site. Construction sites are everywhere.
In the fifth year of the Apocalypse. That's even more incredible.
First of all, the imperial court issued a development budget of 50 million yuan. In addition, the money from the sale of assets by the local government was invested in infrastructure. In addition, there is also the Royal Foundation, which is also making every effort to develop Liaodong. Private capital is also investing heavily in Liaodong.
Bank loans are basically open, and as long as you invest in Liaodong, you can basically apply for a mortgage. Merchants went to Liaodong in large numbers to buy land, minerals, and forest land. In eastern Liaodong, agricultural production, mining and logging were carried out, as well as factories, workshops, shops, etc.
Few businessmen are fools, and it is natural to see that Liaodong has a lot of untapped resources.
The royal consortium is developing, and the private businessmen are also developing. Zhu Youxiao ate meat, and the businessman drank soup with him. A large amount of money frantically poured into Liaodong. This has resulted in a huge demand for labor in Liaodong.
Therefore, when you immigrate to Liaodong, you don't need to worry about any work problems at all, as long as you have a lot of strength, you can make money. The government will also give free land to these immigrants to build houses, and the money to build houses can be borrowed from banks.
Officials do not exploit housing land, and it is easy for these immigrants to build a large tiled house in Liaodong, and they only need to work for a few years.
With a house and a job, the people are at peace. In troubled times, the people are the first, and Zhu Youxiao naturally will not go crazy to raise housing prices.
Now is the time when the poor have no place to stand, and they cannot do that. And there is not much land. Daming's population is in the eyes of a traverser like Zhu Youxiao. It's still too little.
If Daming had a population of five or six hundred million, it would be about the same. If the growth is too fast, it can also be limited by family planning, but of course, family planning cannot allow only one birth, as in later generations. If Daming wants to engage in family planning, it can restrict the number of children to no more than three. As long as we avoid the phenomenon of having five or six or seven or eight births in large numbers, it is basically impossible for the population to grow explosively.
Many poor people in Kannai were attracted by the policy, and a large number of immigrants soon appeared.
In addition to the travel expenses, there is no need to worry about immigrating to Liaodong, and the government is centrally delivered, so there is no need to be afraid of encountering any thieves on the road. After arriving, not only can they choose different cities according to their own wishes and allocate a piece of land for building a house, but at the same time, the northeast region is completely exempt from forced labor.
There is no basis for conscription in the northeast, and now the imperial court has begun to pay wages when many major projects are built in the Guannai, and the northeast region is fully paid. However, the government does not interfere in organizing activities, and contracts the project to infrastructure companies, and is only responsible for supervision and acceptance.
Basically, immigrants first immigrated to eastern Liaodong, while Jilin, Heilongjiang, and Inner Mongolia, which had little foundation, were first developed by means of production corps and recruiting workers, and then resettled after they had a foundation. Because immigrants will bring a lot of old and weak women and children, they must have a certain foundation.
The pace of development is not slow at all, the government conducts infrastructure bidding, and then the enterprise undertakes the construction, recruiting workers from the customs to carry out the construction.
With facilities such as roads, companies that have purchased assets recruit their own workers to develop them.
In this way, towns and cities are naturally formed. Farms, pastures, mines, forest farms, factories, and so on naturally appeared.
When these things appeared, they naturally attracted a large number of immigrants.
Of course, the Ming Dynasty has not been able to get rid of the problem that agricultural productivity is not advanced enough, and agricultural production still needs a large population.
However, in the fifth year of the Apocalypse, the fishery began to exert its strength, and various fishing grounds along the coast caught a large number of fish because of the improvement of fishing boats.
Among them, pickled fish from Zhendong Province also began to be transported to the northeast region in large quantities.
With the arrival of the fishing flood, the fishermen in Zhendong Province are busy and crazy, and basically they can catch a large net by casually casting their nets.
It is a fishing ground in Hokkaido, and it is rich in fishery resources.
Pickled fish, dried fish, fish meal, fish bone meal, canned fish were produced in large quantities and then shipped back to China by merchant ships.
These cheap fish products provide an ample source of protein for the people who have left the land, and most importantly, they are cheap enough. This allowed the Ming to free more labor from the land and devote it to industry.
The Royal Whaling Brigade's whaling activities in Zhendong Province are also underway, where there are so many whales that the whaling team does not need to go far to sea to hunt whales.
Whales are actually easy to hunt, and these whales are basically unable to run as long as they are hit by whale shells. When their blood runs dry, they naturally float on the surface of the sea. Then all it takes is to drag the whale onto the boat and dismember it.
The Royal Whaling Corps is based on the philosophy of not wasting resources. It's not just whale oil. There are also whale meat, whalebones, baleen, whale skin, internal organs, and so on.
The whale meat is made into cured meat and transported back to Kannai and Tohoku for sale. Whalebones and offal are processed and transported back to be used as fertilizer for fertilizing fields. Whale baleen and whale skin are transported back to be processed into industrial products for sale.
The whale oil is then shipped back to make lamp oil, candles, and lubricants for machinery.
There is no doubt that whaling is a very profitable industry. Although the efficiency of whaling has been reduced due to the full use of resources, a large amount of resources have been obtained. What's more, there is no waste, waste is shameful, and hunting a large number of whales just for whale oil is also a very sinful act.
Naturally, there were many merchant ships needed to transport fish, but with the rapid development of shipbuilding. As well as a large number of private merchants joining the ranks of maritime transport, merchant ships are still barely enough at present. And a large number of merchant ships are still being built in shipyards everywhere, and it won't be long before there will be no shortage of merchant ships.
It can be said that the fifth year of the apocalypse is a moment to begin to enjoy the fruits of war.
In the process of exploiting the new resources, a large number of people have obtained the basic sources they need to survive. Moreover, many workers in the northeast have moved their families to Guanwai one after another.
The rule of the imperial court officials in the northeast region was extremely strict, and no official dared to take advantage of the common people and loot on a large scale. The taxation here is also relatively fair to ordinary people, although the collection of personal income tax has been increased, but ordinary people do not need to file taxes, and they are all paid by enterprises. Although some people can evade taxes, the advantage of doing so is that it does not disturb the people.
And there are safeguards for ordinary people.
Middle- and high-income groups, such as businessmen, who are most affected by the tax. If they don't adapt to this system, they will naturally be eliminated from the market, and someone will naturally replace them to adapt. The government also mainly focuses on these people.
Strictly speaking, the society in the Northeast is fairer than that of the reformed Beizhili, because the system here was built from scratch, without the hindrance of traditional interest groups, and if you want to enter the Northeast region, you must adapt to the system here, and if you don't accept it, don't go in.
There is no doubt that Zhu Youxiao is building a country within a country with different ways of distributing interests, which is the foundation for him to save the Ming Dynasty.
This also made Zhu Youxiao and the cabinet busy, from the selection of officials, to the formulation and implementation of the system. It's all painstaking and laborious, and if you don't pay attention to it, the officials below obviously don't mind herding sheep.
After all, for high-level workers at the level of officials, the interests damaged belong to the emperor's family, and it is the last word that they get oil and water.
This made Zhu Youxiao guard against those officials like a thief, but these officials had to use it, which was really nerve-wracking. This is a problem that all dynasties and dynasties have not been able to get rid of.
Even later generations could not get rid of this phenomenon, and the complete collapse of the imperial system in later generations meant that these high-ranking wage earners began to abandon the emperor who had common interests with the people and directly carried out political black-box operations.
After becoming the emperor, Zhu Youxiao profoundly realized that the imperial system was actually not a backward system, but a system that harmed the interests of those high-level workers.
If he could allow those officials to embezzle, as the Manchu emperor did, then he would naturally be praised and embraced by the officials.
But he is not a Manchu emperor after all, as a Han emperor, he has to see the faces of the people.
However, many of the systems established by Zhu Youxiao and his cabinet in the northeast region soon attracted strong opposition from the bureaucratic class.
Although these reforms did not touch their interests for the time being, they did block their access to the northeast to seize their interests.
And they are not stupid, no one can see that sooner or later, Zhu Youxiao, the emperor, will implement these systems throughout the country.
It's just that the fire hasn't burned on them for the time being, and under the high pressure of the imperial power, few people are willing to be the first birds to use force to fight against Zhu Youxiao.
Without the use of force, they can use the pen.
Every day, Zhu Youxiao can receive some officials' speeches opposing various policies, and at the same time, all kinds of fabricated rumors and articles against Zhu Youxiao appear in the market every day.
These bureaucrats and scholars simply blackened Zhu Youxiao to death, and in this era of underdeveloped communications, Zhu Youxiao's reputation soon became mixed.
In Beizhili and the Northeast region, this is the place where Zhu Youxiao currently has the strongest control, Zhu Youxiao's prestige here is very high, and there is no market for rumors.
But in other provinces, especially the provinces south of the Yangtze River, Zhu Youxiao is really about to be hacked. As long as the positive image of Zhu Youxiao appeared in the "Daming Daily", targeted rumors would immediately circulate the next day.
One basin after another buckled Zhu Youxiao's head, and the emperor became an open target. Under the deliberate guidance of these scholars, many people attributed the reason for their bad life to the emperor's mediocrity.
This is the rhythm of the bureaucratic class, which wants to encourage the common people to be the first birds. (To be continued.) )