Chapter 350: The nobles of the Tartars called the banner man to ask for a monthly pass
Chen Dexing actually has some understanding of the Eight Banners system. This has something to do with his life experiences in his past life. In his previous life, of course, he was Han Chinese, but he lived in a city with a considerable number of Manchu people. From elementary school to high school, there are many Manchu classmates. I often hear them talk about "how their ancestors were". Moreover, when Chen Dexing was young, it was the time when the whip opera of the Qing court was popular, and he also cultivated some interest in the history and culture of the Manchu people. Later, I also looked up a lot of similar online articles on the Internet, and of course I also saw a Manchu master who was probably born in Baoyi Aha talk about "Sixty Years of the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty".
After reading a lot of relevant information, Chen Dexing came to the conclusion that the Manchus were actually a nation created by the Eight Banners system! The original Eight Banners should have been the name of a military privileged group. The so-called banner people, like Chen Dexing's taxi and Japanese samurai, are just military aristocrats. Later, it solidified into a ruling nation.
And the Eight Banners system was originally the rules of a military privileged group! How to organize, how to divide the spoils, how to enjoy internal benefits, are all very complete. But when this system creates a nation, and it is closed to the outside world, and basically no longer accepts fresh blood, it becomes a rather cheating system.
In history, the Manchurians did not become extinct because of the Eight Banners system, it was completely because of luck! In any case, there is no second ruling nation or ruling group in Chinese history that is more fortunate than the Manchus.
Because the Eight Banners system has two extremely fatal weaknesses, one is the "family planning effect"; The second is the urbanization of hereditary soldiers.
It is well known that the Manchus did not intermarry with the Han Chinese. Thus they themselves limit the privilege of seizing women of childbearing age, who are the dominant nation, and naturally have such an advantage. And then. Manchu women had to give priority to the royal family and nobles, so that the chances of ordinary Manchu men marrying wives were relatively reduced. Moreover, the system of giving priority to the supply of royal families and nobles for Manchurian women has artificially postponed their marriage and childbearing age (it is a long process for the draft to be assigned to no one).
And the system of the hereditary soldiers of the Eight Banners. He also let the soldiers of the Eight Banners who were in childbearing age run around (although they always lost battles, the Manchu emperor still liked to use them), reducing the chance of having sex with his wife.
In the end, almost all the Manchurians entered the customs and lived in Beijing together, which also allowed the Manchurians to complete the urbanization "100%" in a very short period of time! And the urbanized Manchurians, like others who were urbanized in later generations, have encountered the problem of declining birth rates.
After several reasons were superimposed, the Manchus became the ruling nation. After ruling China for nearly 300 years, by the year of Xuantong, the total population was only about 1 million. Much less than the Jurchens at the end of the Jin Dynasty. And most of them were concentrated in the city of Beijing, which had been captured twice by imperialism, if the Anglo-French and Eight-Nation Coalition had come to the Beijing Massacre...... I'm afraid that the Manchurians will be extinct!
As for what will become of the hereditary soldiers after urbanization, just think about the forbidden army of Bianliang in the Northern Song Dynasty and the three soldiers of Lin'an in the Southern Song Dynasty!
"It's right to manage people and ignore the land, I can't give more than a million Tartars to the land in Liaodong and Liaoxi, even if I give them a small part, I will not plant them, at most I will give them a small part, and I have to live with the Han people." Chen Dexing's fingers tapped lightly on the desk. He said in a low voice: "But according to the Mongolian method, it is a bit too much to divide 100 thousand households." ”
He paused for a moment and lowered his voice: "You don't have to count all kinds of tartars in Liaodong and Liaoxi. The meaning of the lonely king is to divide eight flags. ”
"Eight flags?" Zhao Fu was stunned, "More than 100,000 people per flag?" Isn't it too much? ”
Chen Dexing laughed stupidly: "There will be more than 100,000 people in each banner?" Isn't that against the sky? The Lone King had only 50,000 soldiers. How can the bannermen of the Tartars have more than a million? ”
Zhao Fu and Lu Rover glanced at each other at the same time, and Lu Rover asked: "What does the king mean, the flag man is ......"
Chen Dexing said with a smile: "The banner man is the nobleman of the Tartars. Equivalent to our 'taxi'. ”
Tartars also have to be noble! If they are all third-class Tartars, who will command. Whoever oppresses, who becomes a slave. Who will be in charge? The border is now the northern land under the rule of Mongolia, and there are Han military marquis in the third-class Hanzhong, and the later Manchu Qing also has the help of imperial examination doctors, and there are 80 million brothers in the era of the fourth-class Han.
"The bannermen should be the most elite and brave Tartar warriors, and they should be warriors of all tribes. Anyone who can be selected as a banner person, and future generations will also be banner people, higher than ordinary tartars, and after meritorious service, they can be converted into first-class Han, and then meritorious service can be crowned a soldier, and the treatment of a qiē is the same as that of a samurai. In addition, as long as the flag man is selected, the grange serf can be distributed, and the ordinary flag soldier is not paid separately, except for the armor given when entering the flag, the weapons, armor and horses used in the future need to be brought by themselves. ”
Chen Dexing pondered: "The number of flag people doesn't need to be too much, at most 50,000 is enough." Every banner man is the same as our soldiers, canonized by the Lone King, and allegiance to the Lone King. But at the same time, they also have to obey their respective bannermen and officials at all levels, such as commanders, assistant leaders, assistant leaders, and leaders. The officials of each banner are all paid, and they are all served by the leaders of the banner people, and our Hanshi should not rob other people's jobs. The lowest banner man is called the horse armor, which means cavalry. Infantry, artillery and navy have their own Han people to do it, and there is no need for banner people, who can only be cavalry. It is not necessary to be equipped with cannons and firearms, and it is required to be skilled in archers and horses, and dare to rush to kill! ”
Although the mountain fish hunters here in Liaodong are not as good at riding and shooting as the Mongolian herdsmen, they are still much stronger than the farmers of the Han land. At least get started quickly, the ability to ride, raise horses, and ride and shoot is not a problem, you only need to train in the formation of charging and killing, and then equip the corresponding sophisticated equipment, you can quickly form an elite cavalry for charging into battle.
Different from the requirements of the later Mongols and the Manchu Qing Dynasty, the Northern Expeditionary Army, which had bronze cannons, thunder arrows and crossbowmen, did not lack medium and long-range projection firepower, so they should not go to the banner men and horses to shoot well, but should use impact and hand-to-hand combat as the main means of combat. After infantile artillery inflicts heavy damage on the opponent with firepower, the cavalry charges to defeat the enemy, and the cavalry pursues and annihilates the enemy!
Of course, Chen Dexing has another purpose in forming the Eight Banners. It was to use 50,000 banner families to oppress and enslave hundreds of thousands or even more Tartar families -- and at the same time, these enslaved Tartars were also the reward for the bannermen to fight for Chen Dexing.
Chen Dexing said eloquently: "As for the tartars who can't choose the bannerman, they will be assigned to the bannerman and our warriors as serfs, called banner slaves or serfs!" In addition to farming and grazing, flag slaves can also go out with their masters to serve as auxiliaries, and they can also carry flags after meritorious service. In the future, all the Tartar population, livestock, and goods obtained by the Eight Banners in battle will be distributed by each banner according to the merits of the bannermen and soldiers. Use this to motivate the battle! ”
Before the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the customs, this bandit group was encouraged to fight by means of looting and sharing the spoils of merit by the guò group! Similarly, Genghis Khan's growth is also related to a relatively fair distribution of spoils. And Chen Dexing's "Fengshi Fengtian" is also a relatively fair plan for distributing spoils.
Zhao Fu frowned, repeatedly considered Chen Dexing's plan, and tried to find something wrong: "King, what about the Tartar tribes?" What is the relationship between the Eight Banners system and the tribe? ”
Chen Dexing smiled and nodded, his vision as a strategist was still good, and he could see another benefit of the Eight Banners system at a glance.
"Of course the tribe is going to break up!" Chen Dexing sneered, "If you don't break up the tribe, where will the flag people come from?" In the future, the Tartars of Liaodong and Liaoxi, except for the Mongols, will be organized into eight flags, yellow, red, white, blue, yellow, red, white, and blue, and the strong will carry the flag, and the weak will be slaves. The leaders of the tribes, if they submit to us, they will be organized into the Eight Banners as officials, and those who do not submit will be killed! ”
In implementing the Eight Banners system, of course, it is necessary to break the inherent monopoly of interests and encourage warfare with a more equitable distribution plan for the spoils of war. In fact, all political reforms, fundamentally speaking, are a process of breaking the monopoly of inherent interests and rebuilding new rules for the distribution of interests.
Genghis Khan's thousand-household system was like this, and so was the Eight Banners system of later generations, and Zhao Song's Yiwen Yuwu also overthrew the previous situation of separating feudal towns and running rampant with warriors. And Chen Dexing elevated the status of the warriors, engaged in martial arts, and became a warrior, which is also a change of overthrowing and restarting, and the purpose is naturally to motivate the soldiers to fight to correspond to this world of Chinese generals.
And to condense the various Tartars scattered outside the gate into a war machine, of course, it is necessary to break the original tribal system, otherwise whatever benefits you get on the battlefield will be swallowed by the tribal leaders. The warriors below don't have much to gain, so how can they be willing to die?
Moreover, after dismantling the tribe and replacing it with the Eight Banners, Chen Dexing's ability to control the Tartar warriors was also stronger, because under the Eight Banners organization was the Tartars as individuals, not as a group tribe. In this way, when Chen Dexing used the Eight Banner Warriors, he could turn them into a carrier for absorbing the strong Tartars. And after it is used up, it can be solidified and transferred to the big city garrison, just like the Manchu Qing Dynasty treated the soldiers of the Eight Banners, it doesn't take a generation, and the essence of the Tartar will all be cultivated into small citizens.
It's just that those tribal leaders with vested interests can agree to this method? Zhao Fu was a little puzzled, and his brows became tighter and tighter.
Chen Dexing glanced at the ink shadow girl, and the goddess said: "The miracle of the king has been revealed, and the people of the savages in Liaodong are willing to follow." If the king wants to build the Eight Banners and the tribe, it is an oracle and law, who dares not to obey? ”
Chen Dexing smiled: "There is no need for everyone to follow, as long as there are some strong Tartars who are willing to work with us, the Eight Banners can be created, everything is difficult at the beginning, as long as the system of the Eight Banners is established, and then slowly expand." ”
This is the benefit of being a god, and it is difficult for the people of Han to become the lord of the wilderness. But if the gods of the Han land are miraculously revealed, how can the ignorant people of the wilderness not be in awe and worship? How did the Manchus in history deal with the Mongol barbarians? Isn't it the Great Lama of Tibet? Chen Dexing's current "miracles" are much more powerful than the great lamas, he can fly, and he also has a big magic weapon that kills people like hemp. Are you still afraid that the Tartars will not accept it? (To be continued......)