Although Mukden was called the "Land of Longxing" by the Manchu court, in fact, the proportion of Manchus was not high, as in the whole of Manchuria, and there were almost no Manchus in most parts of Mukden. Pen ~ fun ~ Pavilion www.biquge.info because the so-called "Manchu and Han Eight Banners" were all "from the dragon into the customs", and then more than two hundred years, the eight banners here were sent to garrison all parts of the country, of course, more importantly - Liaodong was originally China's homeland for thousands of years, and what does it have to do with the Manchu Qing Dynasty?

Fengtian City, as the "ancestral land of Longxing" of the Manchu Qing court, the city is the same as the South Manchurians, the proportion of Manchus is pitiful, only some Manchus live near the imperial tomb, as for the city in the past two hundred years, the influx of immigrants from Zhili, Shandong and other places has long become the most important part of the city residents, but these immigrants are to some extent "Manchurianization", which is not only forced to make a living, but also to integrate into the city.

After the military rebellion in the eighteenth year of Guangxu, when the sign of the governor's yamen replaced the sign of the general's yamen and hung up in Yuanmen, although these "Manchurian" people had not changed their dynasty, they also witnessed a change, and the "de-Manchu movement" quietly arose in various parts of South Manchuria, where the Han people were the mainstay, under the promotion of the "Yellow Soul Society".

Although on the surface, the Governor's Yamen did not interfere with the people's "freedom of dress", but in fact, the police would personally come to the door to send the "Han and Tang Dynasty clothing patterns" into the garment workshop, and there was a change of clothes office in the "Han Soul Workshop" for the people to exchange old clothes for new clothes.

"Changing the old for the new" is not only for ordinary people, but also for those women in the city, who are full of flags, and this is only a month's work. There are still some men on the street who wear riding coats and robes. But most of the women had already changed into Han clothes. In order to line with the easy-to-come Han clothes, their hair buns also changed from Manchurian style to Han style.

On the surface, this kind of superficial "de-Manchu movement" cost a lot of money, and the effect is not significant, but in fact, the change of clothing and crown has imperceptibly changed the hearts of the people in southern Liaoning, at least to a certain extent, the Han civilization, which has been silent for more than 200 years, is struggling to revitalize.

In the early autumn of the eighteenth year of Guangxu, in the city of Fengtian. Although the autumn rain is long, there are hundreds of prisoners wearing striped prison uniforms in the gutters on both sides of the "royal road" on Fengtian Street, where the emperor returned to his hometown to worship his ancestors in the early years, and the policemen with Mauser single-shot rifles above the gutter are staring at these prisoners vigilantly, and the policemen's index fingers are pulling the trigger, looking like they are shooting at any time.

Although the "conflict" a month ago was short-lived, it still caused the displacement of hundreds of thousands of civilians, the strong turned into thieves, and the old and weak turned into ravines. Reduced to starvation, and Mukden, as the largest city outside the Guan, became the first choice of the homeless. For a time, the streets of Mukden and other places seemed to be full of idle ruffians and hooligans, and these homeless people all over the city became traitors because they were unemployed, and they did everything to the point of causing a great obstacle to social order.

It was at this time that the army that maintained order withdrew from the city, and the police transferred from North Korea to the northeast began to maintain law and order in the city with the cooperation of the military police.

Even the police administration has become the most smoothly implemented new policy after the establishment of the Governor's Office, of course, this is based on the improvement of public order and the basic approval of the general public, especially because of the large number of police and the patrol law and order methods they use, because these make the people wake up from a sound sleep and hear the sound of the patrol police on the waist of the knife clattering, and will naturally have a sense of security.

In the midst of this clash, thousands of wanderers who were idle, robbed, and stole were arrested, and unlike the Qing Dynasty, when they were imprisoned and left to their deaths, these arrested and tried prisoners began to "reform through labor", and the construction of the streets and sewer systems implemented by Fengtian City, where the temporary governor was located, required the participation of a large number of prisoners.

"See, if you don't obey, you will grow up to be a coolie in the prison!"

Whenever these prisoners work in the rain on the streets, they will always become the basis for adults to reprimand their children, and those policemen with guns and knives will always become the object of awe of the citizens, and this awe comes from the reverence of the Chinese people for the authority of the police, in addition to the reverence of the official authority.

The criminal department yamen of the former Shengjing five yamen on the west side of the inner street of Tianyoumen is now the police department of the Governor's Palace, the hall is five, the Sichuan hall is three, the discussion gate is one, and the criminal department of the gate is three, after becoming the police department, it is naturally very crowded like the Governor's Palace, so it has to temporarily build dozens of brick and wood tile houses, but despite this, the police department is still extremely crowded, and even the conference room only occupies half of the lobby, even if the chief of the police department is in a meeting, he can only sit on a bench, and everything is because of the simplicity, At least before moving to Dalian, the governor's palace, the big guys could only work in a few places because of their ugliness.

“…… According to the official system of the Governor's Office, the Ministry of Police is independent of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and the Chief of Police is concurrently held by the Minister, who holds all the powers of the public security police in the three provinces ......and one domain, and commands all the public security police organs in Mukden, Jilin, Heilongjiang, and the DPRK.

Although China's police system came from the hands of Tang Haoran, but after two years of practice, especially after the establishment of the Governor's Office, the police system of the Governor's Office has undergone many changes, although it is as in the past, as the "second armed force" mastered by the Governor's Office, but some changes are undoubtedly extremely unfamiliar to Tang Haoran, whether it is the Governor's Office or the company, he may be able to make a start, give appropriate points, but he has limited energy and cannot take care of everything, for the first time to visit the police departmentThis can only be understood through the mouths of others.

"Does the garrison still interfere in civil affairs now?"

The intervention of the garrison in civil affairs was inevitable in war, after all, civil officials also had to rely on the army to establish local rule. The police also need the help of the military. Interdependent. As a result, the police had to become the support of the army. It was not until two months ago, in view of the stabilization of the situation, that the Governor's Office signed a decree concentrating police power from the army and the gendarmerie to the police, prohibiting military interference in civil affairs, and requiring the police to establish a police force covering the three provinces.

In fact, this was one of the principles of Tang Haoran's administration - to avoid any possible threat to his rule, and to have no provincial governors or governors. It was to prevent the military from threatening Tang Haoran's position administratively, and to prevent the army from interfering in civil affairs, and to prevent the army from "territorializing" and thus forming a semi-independent trend.

Perhaps in later generations, Tang Haoran did not have the experience of managing politics, but through his understanding of history, he knew how to avoid his own warlordization, especially when the foundation is unstable now, how to avoid the threat of the "second-in-command" to the "first-in-command", the easiest way is not to set up a "second-in-command", the so-called civil, military and even police departments. Between the separation of powers and the parallel setting, in fact, their power is not only tied to each other. It was also dispersed as much as possible, so that it could not threaten the authority of the Doge's Palace, and avoided the emergence of a "second-in-command".

Of course, the biggest disadvantage of this is that Tang Haoran himself is the core of everything, if something happens to him, the Northeast as a group may even collapse because of the loss of the core, but on the other hand, it guarantees one thing to the greatest extent - no one can have the power that matches his ambition to seize power.

Even the seemingly authoritative Military Command Department, to a certain extent, is just a mouthpiece, and even Li Mingli, as the Minister of Police, cannot directly bypass the Personnel Department of the Ministry of Police to appoint and dismiss a police chief, and the separation of powers and mutual supervision have avoided the birth of personal ambitions to the greatest extent.

"Marshal, the military department has already withdrawn the military police station, and according to the current administrative system of the Governor's Office, a police section has been set up under each civil affairs department to assist the chief of civil affairs in managing police affairs......"

As he spoke, Li Mingli glanced at the teacher, as a student of Tang Haoran in the Tongwen Museum, he was assigned to England last year to study police, and after taking over as the head of the police department during the Northeast Campaign, he naturally achieved "deep understanding" in some aspects, and revised the police official system after the Governor's Office reformed the local bureaucratic system. The most fundamental change is that there is no provincial-level police department, but a police section under each civil affairs department, which is not the administrative body of each county, but only a police supervision body, and its chief officer is a civilian official, responsible for supervising the police stations and police stations in each county, and all personnel below the head of the county police chief are police, so that although the police power is assigned to the grassroots level, in fact the police power is still directly controlled by the governor's office, at least the civil affairs chiefs of Fengtian, Jilin, and Heilongjiang provinces are completely unable to interfere in police affairs.

On the other hand, the police stations and police stations in various cities and counties have formed a top-down control that has been infiltrating the people of Northeast China at the lowest level, and he, the police chief, is limited by various personnel systems and rules within the ministry and cannot control all of them, so he cannot control the police force.

Of course, it is not that Lee Myung-ri is willing to be such a police minister, but from the beginning, the system has tied his hands and feet as a police minister. Maybe others will complain, but as a student of the teacher, he deeply understands that in addition to the teacher's skill, he never solves the problem after it appears, but regulates everything through strict rules and regulations from the beginning, and then forms equality in front of the norm.

Perhaps the rules and regulations in the government are a little too rigid, especially in the employment system, even the marshal can not violate the rules and regulations, and can only solve some problems by setting up consultants, but it is the rigid and harsh rules that ensure the fairness of everyone, thus avoiding many ills in the Manchu officialdom.

“…… At present, there are 1,142 police agencies in the three provinces, with 3,476 police officers and 1,346 police officers. ”

Lee Myung-li, who was the police minister again, complained to the teacher.

"According to the requirements of the Governor's Office, the police currently have great powers, in addition to mastering the general police and household registration, controlling the basic police affairs such as residence and movement, they also need to bear the burden of supervising and paying taxes, apportioning labor ......"

The power of the police is great. This is a characteristic that originated in the Joseon period. After all, when I was in North Korea. The police were the only administrative force of the Unified Supervision Office stationed in the eight provinces of Korea, and it was through the establishment of the police that the Unified Supervision Office gradually seized power from the Korean local government, thus paving the way for the establishment of civil affairs officials.

However, the Northeast Police, which was transformed from the North Korean police, did not reduce the police power because the Northeast is domestic, and even further expanded the power of the police in view of the existence of a large number of "opposition forces" in the Northeast, and after the establishment of police stations in some remote areas in the planning of the Ministry of Police. The local police stationed in the area are even more integrated with the military, police, and political and religious powers, which not only meets the needs of stabilizing the localities, but is also the requirement of developing the localities.

"But our police force is extremely limited, the northeast has more than 1 million square kilometers, more than 600 million people, but the police are less than 5,000! Teacher, the lack of manpower is one of them, and the equipment, all the good equipment is given priority to the mobile troops, but they are in the hands of the military department. As for the weapons of the police department, most of them were seized weapons of the Qing army, and there were not enough short guns. Just use rifles, although they seem to be sufficient, but you can't let the police patrol with rifles on their backs every day! ”

"Okay, Mingzhe, don't complain,"

Facing the students' complaints, Tang Haoran said with a smile.

"The matter of the weapons of the police department, for the time being, can only be like this, several infantry divisions have to change their equipment, and the Seoul Machinery Bureau is in a hurry, and when the arsenal of the three eastern provinces is completed, it will naturally give priority to the police department here!"

Although on the surface this is still Mukden Province, the city is still Mukden, but in fact, on the newly drawn map of the Governor's Palace, Fengtian Province has been renamed Liaoning Province, and Fengtian City has also been renamed Shenyang City, and compared to the old name, these place names are familiar to Tang Haoran, perhaps it is this reason that he will change the names of the two places internally, of course, nominally this is a symbol of the break with the Manchu Qing Dynasty, just like the Northeast is now "spontaneously" implemented by the people.

The arsenal of the three eastern provinces in Tang Haoran's mouth refers to the arsenal built in Shenyang, and to a certain extent, it is also the first arsenal in the true sense, as for the Seoul Machinery Bureau, it is just "concurrently" munitions, and according to the preliminary plan, in the next five years, the Governor's Office will invest 30 million yuan to establish a comprehensive arsenal formed by the merger of artillery, guns, ammunition and other factories. The scale of its investment even exceeds that of large-scale industrial projects such as steel mills and shipyards, and its production equipment is the most advanced machinery and equipment in the United States and Germany, and after this large-scale arsenal is put into operation, not only the problems of weapons and ammunition supply that plague the Northeast Army can be solved, but also the artillery with a caliber of less than 8 inches required by the navy can also be mass-produced.

Of course, the most important thing is probably the self-production of ammunition, although only a few million rounds of ammunition were consumed during the war, and dozens of times the amount of ammunition was captured, but still the ammunition of the North Korean army was consumed by 30%, and the ammunition ordered from Germany did not arrive until the beginning of the month, which is why the establishment of a self-sufficient military industry has become the most important military industrial investment in the next five years, and it is also the largest industrial project in the Governor's Office in the next five years.

However, this is because the Governor's Office and the Beiyang Company jointly invested in the establishment of the "Northeast Heavy Industry Development Company", the Northeast Heavy Industry Development Company is the national policy company of the Governor's Office, with the support of the government to the Northeast coal mines, iron ore and other heavy industries to carry out the development of dominant investment and management, in the company's investment, the government with resources and policies as the share capital and the Beiyang Company with capital shares, the company relies on the Governor to give the title of "national policy enterprise" to the Northeast region of steel, light metals, machinery, Heavy industry sectors such as coal rule,

On the other hand, however, during the preparation of the Heavy Industry Development Company, a large number of its small shareholders were introduced, and most of these small and medium-sized shareholders were military and political officials within the Unified Supervision Office and middle and high-level managers of the Northern Company; in fact, this was a certain degree of "distribution of fertilizer." After Tang Haoran decided that the government would be the main force in the reclamation of the Northeast and that the land should be reclaimed by the state, the decision was made in order to win the hearts of the people -- to release 20 percent of the original shares of the Heavy Industry Development Company and the Northeast Railway Company as compensation for those peopleand thus continue to bind their interests to themselves.

While the development company promoted the industrialization of Tohoku in accordance with the five-year plan formulated by the Governor's Office, the Governor's Office was able to devote more funds and energy to other affairs without turning the government into a "business".

"As for manpower, I will coordinate with the military department recently, and the retired soldiers will be distributed in a ratio of 6 to 4, so that the manpower problem of the police department this year should be alleviated a little, by the way, how about the "armor protection regulations" and implementation rules that you reported last time? Is it ready? ”

Compared with the lack of manpower and short guns in the police department, Tang Haoran is more concerned about the public security in the Northeast or the formulation of the "Baojia Regulations" that are closely related to the public security issues in the Northeast.

"Teacher, the "Armor Protection Regulations" are still being improved, but the draft has almost been taken, and the ministry plans to try it out in the immigration point first, what does the teacher think?" (To be continued.) )