84. Bessarabia (2)
When it was dark, the lights were turned on in the three-story headquarters building of the Austro-Hungarian Romanian Front in the city of Galati, and several patrols patrolled the streets near the headquarters, which had been closed to ordinary people due to the beginning of the campaign. Still, some of the officers walked the streets hand in hand with the Romanian girls.
It's been a month since the Russians launched their offensive on the Eastern Front, but here there are only a few more people coming in and out than usual, and there is not much tension in the big war. At night, the entire command calmed down. The weather was getting hotter, and many of the rooms in the headquarters building had windows open, and the figures in the rooms could be seen shaking.
The commander-in-chief of the Romanian Front was Archduke Eugen, a field marshal of the Imperial Army, whose grandfather was Archduke Karl, who had defeated Napoleon in cooperation with the Russians. But he was very self-aware, aware of the limits of his military talents, and never caused confusion to his chief of the General Staff, the actual commander of the actual battle of the Romanian defensive line, Colonel-General Boloyevich.
It is clear that the Chief of the Army General Staff, Baron Hezendorff, has lost control of the Army. Archduke Friedrich had firmly grasped the supreme power of the Imperial Army and Navy. Because of his successive victories on the battlefield, His Royal Highness the Crown Prince is like a god of war in the eyes of the people of the empire, with unparalleled prestige.
As a close confidant of the crown prince, and with impressive achievements on the battlefield, it was widely believed that the sixty-year-old Colonel-General Boloyevich would soon replace Baron Herzendorff as Chief of the General Staff of the Imperial Army.
Now, however, Archduke Eugen was questioning Heldon's plan for the campaign.
Austria-Hungary now had the 3rd, 4th, 6th, and 11th armies and the Romanian 1st Army in Romania, with a total strength of nearly 1 million, and on the Galician front, the Galician Front under the command of General Pohm-Elmolli had a total of 760,000 troops in the 1st, 2nd, 9th, and 10th armies. On the entire Eastern Front, Austria-Hungary had an army of nearly 1.8 million, but it was constantly retreating under the attack of the Southwestern Front, which consisted of 1.4 million Russian troops under the command of Brusilov.
Now the Russians will soon regain all the lost territory in Ukraine, and they will again capture most of Galicia.
"We do not have an advantage in forces compared to the Russians, who were able to quickly mobilize reinforcements from the northern front, and now the result of a hard fight with the Russians can only lead to a war of attrition with huge casualties. The Russians were able to withstand the huge attrition of millions in casualties, but the Reich could not. The population of Russia is three times that of ours, and even if we had a casualty ratio of 1.2 or 1.3 to 1, it would still be far from enough. If we want to completely defeat the Russians, we need strong support from the German side. Bolojevich was explaining to Archduke Eugen the strategic intention of Lee Haydon, which was to force the Germans to mobilize sufficient forces from the Western Front to the Eastern Front.
For this reason, the Austro-Hungarian side did not hesitate to give up large tracts of land, and even put the Germans in danger.
However, the commander-in-chief of the Russian Southern Front, General Borushilov, showed the talent of a famous general, and after launching several tentative attacks on the Austro-Hungarian defensive line, he found that he was unable to break through the enemy's well-defended fortified positions along the river, so he voluntarily abandoned the attack on the Austro-Hungarian line. Leaving only two armies to confront the Austro-Hungarian army across the river, he led the main forces of the three armies to the northeast and attacked Lublin, where the Germans were weakly defended, from Lviv.
Finding the situation unfavorable, Mackensen quickly commanded the 11th Army to abandon Lutsk and Volyn and defend Lublin with all its might. However, due to the lack of troops, Mackensen was afraid that he would be surrounded by the Borushilov group in Lublin, so he had to fight and retreat. After holding out in Lublin for three days, he retreated to Warsaw.
Borushilov once again showed outstanding military talent, using only one army group to confront Mackensen, and he himself led two army groups of 450,000 men directly into Podlaska, cutting off the retreat of the German 8th Army on the Brest line. The 8th Army, the most elite of the German Eastern Front under the command of General Bello, was entangled in Kobrin by the main force of more than one million Russian troops on the central line under the command of General Ewert, and the rear route was cut off again, so it could only retreat into the Brest fortress, where it was surrounded by Russian troops to the death.
This time the German General Staff was completely panicked, this was the first time since the beginning of the war that the German heavy army group was surrounded by the enemy, and as a last resort, they asked the Austro-Hungarian army to launch an attack on the Brest line, and on the other hand, withdrew the attacking troops from the western front and began to reinforce the eastern front.
Falkenhein's Verdun plan was completely bankrupt, and now someone was responsible for the defeat on the Eastern Front, and the German 8th Army was still heavily encircled.
In late June 1916, Wilhelm II summoned Hindenburg and Ludendorff in Berlin, and at the end of June, Valkensen was relieved of his post as chief of the General Staff, and Hindenburg and Ludendorff took over command of the German army.
The Marmara Sea is sunny in June, and the luxurious and declining Istanbul is not too hot, and the Ottoman crescent flag hangs listlessly from the roof of the main entrance to the Ottoman Navy Command's Italian-style building.
The Russians tore off piece after piece of land from the Ottoman Empire through repeated Russo-Turkish wars: the lowlands along the Dnieper, Bessarabia, the Crimean Peninsula, the Inner and Outer Caucasus, etc., Europe now has no hope of getting it anymore, and the feuding Austrians annexed almost the entire Balkans and North Africa's former Ottoman homeland, and now they are preparing to march into Bessarabia, these are the heritage of the Ottomans.
But now the Austrians are allies, leaving the Turks helpless.
Barbarossa. The glory of the Haredin era has long since faded, and now it is the Austro-Hungarian fleet that is roaming the Mediterranean, and they have extended their claws to the Black Sea - in Constanta, Romania, the Austro-Hungarian Black Sea Fleet was formed, and at the same time, a river fleet called the Danube Fleet was established.
In the spacious and luxurious war rooms of the Ottoman Admiralty, the Ottoman Admiralty, Jemar Pasha, presided over the operational meeting, nominally making him commander-in-chief of the vast Ottoman-German-Austro-Hungarian fleet, but the actual command was in the hands of the Germans and Austrians.
Jemar was quite self-aware, and he gave Admiral Sorochin enough authority to command the Turkish navy in battle.
The battle plan was proposed by the Austro-Hungarian crown prince, and the purpose was to counterattack from the sea when the Russian army launched an offensive on the front line of western Ukraine and Belarus, in order to cut off the retreat of the Russian army.
For the combined German-Austrian fleet, which already had 8 battleships, the blockade of Sevastopol and the Kerch Strait was not too much of a problem, but covering the landing of the landing force on the front line of Odessa was the key.
The Austro-Hungarian fleet under Vice Admiral Pachner was stationed in Constanta, and the counteroffensive was about to begin. Now Boloyevich was ambitious, he wanted to replicate the brilliant achievements of Marshal Kutuzov in the Danube during the Napoleonic Wars.
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