Chapter 393: Trains
The integrated taxation of the gentry caused a huge sensation throughout the Ming Dynasty, and the interest classes of the unreformed provinces felt bad when they learned of this policy.
The contradictions have been made public, and anyone with a bit of a brain knows that maybe it won't be long before other provinces will be reformed one after another.
The interests of those interest groups are inevitably harmed.
But Zhu Youxiao dared to openly contradict him, so he naturally had his confidence. As long as the new deal provinces in the northern provinces are not chaotic, whoever jumps will be killed!
It's up to whoever can't sink first and jumps around.
With the results of the reform of the northern provinces, the financial revenue of the imperial court has increased significantly, and the people in the north are stable, and they are really not afraid of who dares to rebel.
Moreover, it is basically impossible for the southern provinces to rebel, after all, the social and cultural atmosphere is good, and the economy is relatively developed, so it is generally impossible to use knives and guns. Small-scale riots can be instigated, but it is more difficult to rebel, and most people in society will not rebel.
Those big capitalist businessmen who wanted to rebel actually lacked conditions in the south.
Therefore, Zhu Youxiao is not worried about open contradictions, and in the past, he had to maintain the inherent pattern with those Donglin Party and those big capital businessmen in Jiangnan.
Now, there is no need to look at the faces of those big capital businessmen, and the state-owned capital consortium has now basically digested the northern commodity market, and the strategic center of gravity has begun to shift to the south.
Therefore, now is the time to encircle and suppress those big capital businessmen, and it is not so easy for those big capital businessmen to resist the encirclement and suppression of capital by the imperial court.
The state-owned capital consortium has a lot of political cards to play and has the upper hand politically. At the same time, there is also military support, which those big capital businessmen in Jiangnan do not have. At the same time, there is also the technological advantage of commodity production, and most fields are enough to crush those big capital businessmen. It's just that the old administrative system has given these big capital businessmen a larger space to survive.
The reform means that the umbilical cord of the interests of these big capital businessmen will be cut, and it is very normal to resist. But they have not been completely forced into a corner, and a rebellion is unlikely, after all, those big capital businessmen have no military power, and the political tentacles of the capital have been cut off, and at this time, the political system of the Nanjing area has been infiltrated very strongly.
β¦β¦
It's summer, it's summer. Zhu Youxiao ate chilled watermelon and listened to some reports from the factory guards.
"After the implementation of the integrated tax policy of the gentry, the gentry in various places did not make any trouble, and those princes were also very peaceful, and those vassal kings and county kings had some complaints, but they did not dare not pay taxes. It's that the British public is seriously ill and may die soon. Tian Ergeng reported to Zhu Youxiao.
"Oh? Is the British public sick? Zhu Youxiao thought for a while, and instructed Yang Guang on the side: "Let the imperial doctor come over and show him later." β
"Yes. Emperor. Yang Guang said.
On the whole, in the provinces of the New Deal, no one dared to disobey the formal legislation of the integrated tax system of the gentry, and at this time, after some reforms, the imperial court's control over the local area was greatly enhanced, and the emperor's military power was in hand, and those princes and nobles were not stupid enough to jump out and oppose it.
British public Zhang Weixian's disease, Zhu Youxiao didn't care much about it. Just let the Imperial Doctor take a look. As a result, within a few days, Zhang Weixian died of illness. It made Zhu Youxiao stunned for a while. Hung up again?
Zhang Weixian is in those few countries, which is a stable one, since Zhu Youxiao implemented the reform, he has not found any trouble for Zhu Youxiao, and Zhu Youxiao has not troubled him, and he is a relatively responsible national prince.
Now that he has passed away. Zhu Youxiao naturally wanted to express something, so he asked the celebrant to go through all the procedures that should be followed.
At the same time, the heir of the British Duke was determined, and Zhang Weixian's eldest son Zhang Zhi inherited the title of Duke of England, but Zhang Zhiji was also quite old, and he was nearly fifty years old. And indulged in alcohol, maybe he won't be able to be a prince for a few years, and he will burp.
A few days later, an emergency military situation suddenly came, and Sun Chengzong entered the palace and reported to Zhu Youxiao: "Your Majesty, the southwest emergency report, the Guizhou local officials rebelled again, and it should be the remnants of the previous traitors." β
Zhu Youxiao was a little helpless and said, "Let Qin Liangyu lead the troops to suppress it!" β
"The minister thinks that the repeated rebellions of the local officials in the southwest are not because these local officials are completely disobedient to education, but because they are probably related to the greed of local officials." Sun Chengzong said, "Attacking can only stabilize the temporary situation, and it is powerless to change the fundamental problem." β
"I don't know. However, there are a few people who have been sent to the land of Yungui to be officials, and a few of them are not thinking of getting a vote and leaving, and it is normal to stir up local contradictions. Zhu Youxiao nodded and said, Tusi's disobedience to education may be on the one hand, and on the other hand, the local contradictions are too violent, otherwise those local officials are so easy to rebel.
If you want to talk about those ethnic minorities in the southwest, they belong to the Zhuang nationality and are relatively peaceful. Those Zhuang wolf soldiers fought bravely and once showed their skills in the Anti-Japanese War.
Ethnic minorities are constantly rebelling, but this issue has to be taken seriously. But it is also very tricky, after all, it is far away in the borderland, the emperor is far away, and those officials are basically herding sheep after they take office.
The Supreme Command soon issued a combat order on the issue of rebellion, ordering Qin Liangyu to lead his troops to attack, at this time Qin Liangyu's department has become an important military force to stabilize the southwest, and the imperial court gave Qin Liangyu's department the best equipment, and the military salary was also sufficient, and the strength was maintained at the scale of 30,000.
This army has political commissars and instructors sent by the imperial court to maintain military discipline and promote the idea of loyalty to the monarch, plus the treatment is good, Qin Liangyu is also loyal to the imperial court, and Zhu Youxiao also trusts this army.
The soldiers of these 30,000 troops were not entirely from the stone pillars, and they were also recruited from the southwestern provinces. The combat effectiveness is very strong, and it is very adaptable to the terrain of the southwest.
With the existence of this army, there is no problem for the imperial court to exterminate the rebellious Tusi. Therefore, although the officialdom in the southwest region is relatively chaotic, at least the imperial court can still control the situation.
However, endless attacks are never a solution, and Zhu Youxiao raised this issue when he went to court the next day.
"Ladies and gentlemen, the Southwest Tusi is in rebellion, and it is not a long-term plan to attack and suppress all day long, what is your good plan for Aiqing?" Zhu You asked the ministers.
Guo Yunhou, the head of the household department, said: "Your Majesty, the minister thinks that the main energy of the current imperial court is to reform the main provinces in Guannai, and the southwest is inconvenient, so the imperial court wants to reform the southwest. It can be said that the time has not yet come, and it is beyond our strength. β
As the head of the household, Guo Yunhou knew the steps of the imperial court reform. At present, the reform has just been completed in the north, and it has not yet been thoroughly digested. The southwest is indeed inconvenient for transportation, and it will not be able to reform for a while and a half. It is not impossible to reform the southwest region first, but the effect of reform is worse than that of provinces such as Jiangnan and Huguang. It does not allow the imperial court to increase its tax revenue rapidly, nor can it expand the market of the state-owned capital consortium much.
In general, the current reform of the southwest is not in the interests of either the imperial court or the state-owned capital.
"What Master Guo said is very true, but it is not a way to ignore it at all. It is better to send a few senior officials to coordinate the localities, and then increase the anti-corruption efforts of the southwest officialdom, alleviate the contradictions and conflicts with various ethnic groups, and stabilize the situation first. Shen Yu said. It's also a clichΓ©.
Zhu Youxiao thought about it, and now the reform of the southwest is indeed not in line with the needs of the situation, and the imperial court does not have the energy to completely rectify the southwest for the time being.
"Then, according to Aiqing's words, send a few senior officials to coordinate it, and the Metropolitan Procuratorate will send people to the southwest to keep an eye on it." Zhu Youxiao immediately decided.
"Your Majesty." The ministers shouted, but no one came out to talk and sing the opposite, and the deliberations were extremely efficient.
"Your Majesty, this year's summer harvest has been successfully completed. Many places have enjoyed bumper harvests, but only Shaanxi continues to drought. Henan has suffered some locust plagues. β
At this time, the Ministry of Agriculture handed over the summer harvest note, and Zhu Youxiao opened it and looked at it.
In the tenth year of the apocalypse, there was another drought in Shaanxi, and northern Shaanxi was the hardest hit area. Fortunately, in the past two years, the imperial court has continued to immigrate and recruit workers in northern Shaanxi, and the local population has dropped significantly, and most of the rural population has come out to work and emigrate. The drought did not cause any famine, and the imperial court did not even have to open a warehouse to release grain. Naturally, there is a way out for the victims.
But relief still has to be done.
The drought has led to the almost extinction of this year's winter wheat harvest in northern Shaanxi, and a small locust plague in Henan.
Compared with previous years, the summer harvest in all provinces is much better. It is mainly because of the continuous construction of water conservancy facilities. As a result, agricultural irrigation has been guaranteed, and crop yields have increased substantially, and even Henan, which has suffered from locust plagues, has produced a lot more winter wheat than it had been when the harvest took place before this year.
The summer harvest in Shandong, Shanxi, Gansu, Beizhili and other places has been bumper in a large area, and the winter wheat planting area in Beizhili has decreased a lot, and the same is true in Shandong. It was mainly the increase in the area planted with cash crops.
The commercial grain producing areas in Northeast China have also obtained a bumper harvest, and the winter wheat in the Northeast can still be planted in eastern Liaodong, but the area has also begun to decline, mainly because the temperature is getting lower and lower, and many places can no longer plant winter wheat, and they have changed their plantings, spring wheat, corn and soybeans.
In general, the summer harvest in the north this year is still good, although the area planted with winter wheat is smaller than before, and the area planted with cash crops has increased, but the grain output has not dropped too much. And the wheat production in the north is enough to supply the flour needs of the provinces.
"Yes, the Ministry of Agriculture still has to continue to popularize advanced agricultural machinery and do a good job in agricultural productivity." Zhu You instructed the officials of the Ministry of Agriculture.
"Your Majesty."
Machinery manufacturing plants have special funds and special research and development departments in agricultural machinery research, and have developed many agricultural machinery over the years.
Although some agricultural machinery is only small and simple, it can improve a lot of agricultural efficiency. In addition to harvesters, large-scale agricultural machinery has also developed seeders and so on.
On the one hand, the production corps and state-owned farms purchased a large number of them, and on the other hand, private agricultural companies began to purchase them one after another. Mainly because of the rise in labor costs, the application of these agricultural machinery is profitable.
As for those self-cultivated farmers and demobilized soldiers, they can apply for interest-free loans for the purchase of agricultural machinery, and the imperial court will even provide some subsidies.
Of course, in recent years, communications and transportation have not been so developed, and there are still many places in the northern provinces that have not popularized agricultural machinery, and peasants in some places are still using relatively backward production tools for agricultural production, and the production efficiency is not high.
Only by increasing agricultural productivity can more labor force be liberated from the land and thus invested in industrial construction. The popularization of agricultural machinery is of great significance.
As soon as the summer harvest is over, grain processing and transportation are in full swing.
In the case of the use of steam engines, the processing efficiency has been greatly improved, and the processing costs have begun to decline. However, in places such as Beizhili, there are still many water-powered flour mills in operation.
This was all built before, and for the time being, when the production capacity of the steam engine was not so large, these hydraulic machines were still running because the efficiency was okay.
After processing winter wheat into flour, it was transported along the road, and after several years of construction, the road network became larger and larger, and the transportation efficiency also improved a lot.
In addition to supplying the local area, this grain is more often transported to the coast. Because the population began to concentrate in the coastal provinces, such as Beizhili and Shandong, especially in Shandong, the population is growing rapidly. Because shipping is more efficient, the marine economy has gradually become the mainstream, and sea power has begun to rise.
The hegemony of land is declining in this era. The main reason is that the efficiency of transportation is not as good as that of shipping, and this situation has only changed in the 21st century, when the emergence of high-speed rail has made the land power countries begin to rise. High-speed rail runs from Asia to Europe, which is faster and more efficient.
Therefore, with the current level of science and technology in the Ming Dynasty, it has begun to vigorously develop the marine economy, and the concentration of population in coastal areas has been the general trend.
Although the population of the inland provinces has decreased, it will not be greatly reduced, after all, the land economy is still not completely replaced. Because as long as the inland provinces have a population and resource output, they can also develop local industries, but less than the coastal provinces.
Under the model dominated by state-owned capital conglomerates, although the industry will be relatively concentrated, it is unlikely to be as concentrated as the United States in later generations.
There are some industrial zones in each province, and state-owned enterprises and private capital can set up industrial zones and factories.
With the rapid development of shipping, the price of rice in the north has begun to decline, and the price of flour in the south has also dropped a lot, only in the areas where transportation is underdeveloped, the market is still relatively closed.
In contrast, land transportation in the north is still relatively easy to develop, because the terrain is not so complex, it is mainly plain terrain, and the cost of road construction is low.
Among the southern provinces, the terrain is more complex. Among them, the Yangtze River basin has the best transportation situation and the most developed economy.
The provinces in the Yangtze River basin are a very important market for the state-owned capital consortium. State-owned goods could be transported from the Yangtze River to these provinces, which in turn were the traditional areas of activity of the Han Chinese and were very densely populated. Moreover, the output of raw materials is relatively large, and the output of commercial grain in the Huguang area is not low.
In terms of transportation technology, the train was finally successfully developed in the tenth year of the Apocalypse, and after three years of research and development, the first train was successfully run on the tracks. (To be continued.) )