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"It is not difficult to ......know why education is compulsory, why the smoking ban is enforced, how conscription is customized, how taxes are allocated, how commerce and industry are revitalized, and in short, how the rights and obligations of the people are stipulated.

"Dong-A Ilbo" December 11, the first year of Hongwu

At the end of the first year of Hongwu, Nanjing was like a large construction site, not only the former city was razed to the ground in just a few days, but also the inner city began to be built on a large scale, according to the "Imperial Capital Construction Project Street Correction" plan, many buildings along the street will be demolished because of the widening of the road.

Large-scale demolition and relocation is inevitable, and the solution to the problem given by the Imperial Capital Construction Committee is very simple - that is, two lines are drawn along the street on the map, and the line is limited to two weeks to be demolished, and if it is not demolished, the government will send the army to demolish it.

Although the people who were demarcated as being within the demolition line could not accept the fact that their houses were demolished, the reality of Nanjing as the capital made them very clear that what was irresistible, and for the people, no one could figure out what kind of court the new court was in the early stage of the change of dynasty.

Compared with the extremely smooth "street correction", the construction speed of nearly 100,000 sappers is more rapid, but in just a few days, the widened main streets will show the rudiments of the road, and the five-story or even eight-storey building frames on both sides of the road will appear, only need to complete the construction of walls and exterior walls, and a number of Chinese-style modern buildings will stand in the inner city of Nanjing, creating a new imperial capital.

As the imperial capital at the foot of the Son of Heaven, the smooth promotion of all work here does not mean that the whole country is like this, in fact, compared to the whole country, the "imperial capital construction" is not even worth mentioning, although this involves the image of the country, but compared to the country as a whole, everything here does not have much meaning.

After all, the capital is never as important as the state.

And now, at the beginning of the relocation of the capital, when the new dynasty is trying to carry out drastic reforms and consolidate its hard-won status as a powerful country with large-scale construction, a new turmoil has been set off in the country.

And this turmoil is caused by household registration and land survey, which are not unprecedented, but for a new dynasty, this time the action seems to be a little faster, especially the latter, I don't know how many people's interests are involved.

As early as many years ago, the mainland began to consider the implementation of a new tax system, but due to the resistance from the public class, it has not been implemented, only in the northeast because of the small number of people, the population is mainly government immigrants, so the new tax system has been implemented. In fact, whether it is the Northeast or the mainland, the so-called land Rui is borrowed from Japan's tax system during the Meiji Restoration, and its main content is roughly as follows: the land tax is no longer levied in kind based on the amount of land harvested, but on the basis of land price. The land price is relatively fixed after verification. The land tax rate is 1.5% of the land price, and a local tax equivalent to 1/3 of the land tax is levied, and the two items are combined at 2% of the land price.

So what is the approximate proportion of land tax in land output after the land tax reform? What about the burden or income of landowners and tenant farmers? According to the calculations in the old newspapers, the people had to pay 18.25% of the output of the land. In terms of tax rates, the burden on the peasants will be three times that of the previous year. Of course, no one has calculated that after the exemption of exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous taxes, the increase in the burden on the peasants is very limited.

Almost immediately after the news of the new tax system came out, people saw three times the amount of taxes in the Qing Dynasty, and as soon as the news came out, the people panicked like ants in a hot pot: What is this for? And some people even contributed to the turmoil, fueling the spread of rumors.

“…… For a while, gossip was rampant, and riots were frequent. Jiangxi, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Anhui, Shandong, Zhejiang and even Zhili...... Where to conduct an investigation, where to enter a state of emergency, according to the calculations of the General Staff......"

In the palace meeting room of Xiaohongshan, the atmosphere became tense because of the words of the Minister of Civil Affairs, and in fact they had all been informed of the news through various official and unofficial channels.

"Yixing, Jiangsu. When the investigator asked whether the land had been registered and the ownership was confirmed, the people thought that the new tax would be introduced, so they gathered thousands of people and flocked to the Goose Hill School, where the investigators were dispatched, causing a school destruction incident. …… Wu County, Jiangsu. Legend has it that Yin soldiers are about to cross the border, and those who enter the household register will be conscripted as Yin soldiers. The people were terrified, and hundreds of people went to the investigator's house to smash and loot, and surrounded and destroyed the autonomous branch where the book was kept.

Bazhong, Sichuan. The villagers believed that the government would sell everyone's birthdays to foreigners for foreigners to build a 500-mile-long iron road, "every five feet long, that is, one person to build the bridge". Dr. Wang swore that he came from Jiangsu and saw with his own eyes that as soon as the roster of the surveyed area was sent to the official, the whole family of the person on the list died. The roster was either sent to repair the railroad to fill the sleepers, or the pile was driven and pressed under the pile, and if it was not taken back, his life was not guaranteed. So they beat up the investigators and snatched out the booklet.

Fengcheng, Jiangxi. The people thought that the investigation of the household registration was a poisonous plan of the government to destroy the door, so they gathered the people by sounding the gong and digging a big hole next to the village to bury the investigators alive. Some people even refer to the investigation as "conscription" and then as "steaming soldiers," saying that everyone who goes to the register will suffer from the cauldron and retort. The Shanggao County investigator and two servants were beaten to death.

Zhaotong, Yunnan. It is said that "the state intends to collect personal tax, tree tax, and tax on birth and gender, so the total number of households will be ascertained first." In Taiping County, which is only a few dozen miles away from Nanjing, villagers said that "the census household registration will soon be subject to a capitation tax, so the masses are panicked" and ......

The words related to the popular uprising made everyone's mood a little depressed, and Tang Haoran, who was sitting in the first seat, was nostalgic for the past, when he was only the governor of the three eastern provinces in the past, he could smoke when he had a headache, but now as the emperor, he can only sit on this chair, listen to the ministers talk there, at most only occasionally drink tea, as an emperor, he must maintain his prestige as an emperor.

Amazing......

He muttered to himself in his heart, he was depressed, but he finally didn't hold back his addiction to smoking, and directly took a cigar cigarette, if no one else cut it, then lit the cigar cigarette, and after exhaling a puff of smoke, he looked at the eloquent Minister of Civil Affairs and said.

"To be honest, I don't care, how many civil uprisings have occurred in the country, what I need to know is how the cabinet is going to deal with this matter!"

This is what Tang Haoran is most concerned about, like the Northeast, he doesn't care about the cause of the matter, he only cares about how to end the matter.

"Back to Your Majesty, the Jiangnan Household Registration and Land Survey Bureau has formulated special measures for the investigation: the investigator must carry a simple and clear notice, explaining that the investigation of the household registration is for the good of the people, and that no donations will be drawn and no Latin will be made. If the investigator and his entourage ask for money, they will report it at any time and deal with it strictly. Wherever the investigation goes, it must be posted for seven days, and local prestige people and investigators are invited to give speeches on the stage in a lively area before it can begin. Paying taxes and becoming soldiers, investigating traitors and investigating bandits, these words that scare the common people, are not allowed to mention a word......"

"Invite people of prestige? If it weren't for those who were prestigious, why would there be such chaos today? ”

The Minister of Justice, who has been silent, said that as the Minister of Justice of the Northeast Governor's Office, he is no stranger to this scene, in fact, it happened when he was in the Northeast, but it was not as "full of emotion" as it is now, and there is no "national turmoil" like now.

After all, at that time there were more than 100,000 troops deployed in various parts of the northeast, but now it is different, the main force of the army is on the northern front, and half of the so-called million troops in Guannai are actually still the "old army" in Guannai.

The Minister of Justice's words made the Minister of Home Affairs say nothing, but the so-called local prestige people are actually the local gentry, and they are the ones who are most resistant to the new tax system.

"Yes, the new tax system had the greatest impact on the local gentry, and for many years, the country's imperial grain and state taxes were paid to the landowners, while the tenant farmers were only responsible for the exorbitant taxes, and now that the excesses of the taxes have been abolished, the former cultivators of the land have been completely replaced by the landowners. The gentry were the hardest hit, and naturally their resistance was the strongest......"

Tang Haoran nodded, if it weren't for the headache, he wouldn't be like now, there are people who smoke out of place like now, those people with prestige in the local area, influence the speech of the locality, although now the public opinion of the newspaper is more and more obvious its influence, but for the illiterate peasants who have never even entered the city, compared to a thin piece of paper, they are more willing to believe the words of the gentry in their village, when those gentry incite the people for their own interests, those peasants are naturally willing to be driven by it, Eventually, a popular uprising was provoked.

"Your Majesty, in the opinion of the ministers, since it is the resistance of the people, it is necessary to inform them of the reason so as to set the ...... straight."

Before Jang Zhidong, who was the prime minister, finished speaking, his words were interrupted by the Minister of Justice.

"It's not resistance!"

Abruptly and bluntly retorted,

"It's a riot, a blatant disobedience to the law, and if it is only a violation of it, then what about its resistance to the law? Could it be that the investigators who turned a blind eye and were buried alive died in vain? Your Majesty, in the opinion of the ministers, this matter must be thoroughly investigated to the end, but those involved will never be relieved! Arrest at one rate and hand it over to the court for trial! ”

His words only made the atmosphere in the conference room cold, compared to those officials who came from the northeast, the faces of old officials such as Zhang Zhidong and others all changed, and it was only then that they remembered a remark about the northeast: "Cruel law and severe punishment will not be tolerated."

"Your Majesty, the minister thinks that this has been said since ancient times, and the law does not blame the public, and there are thousands of participants, and then ......"

Thinking of some incidents related to the Northeast "Cruel Law and Severe Punishment", Zhang Zhidong hurriedly stood up, bowed his head to His Majesty and said.

"Furthermore, today's state is determined, not the time for a big decision, and furthermore, this matter involves more than 100,000 people in various places, and if it is strictly investigated, I am afraid that your majesty's prestige will be damaged, and it will also cause the people to deviate from the country. ……”

"Your Majesty! The minister thinks that Zhang Xiang's words are all fallacies! ”

The Minister of Justice, who also got up, took advantage of Zhang Zhidong's respite and immediately retorted.

"The Chinese people's legal awareness and legal concept are very lacking, which has been verified in the ten years of governance in Northeast China. This situation also had a great effect on the common people: when the common people saw the privileges of the emperor and his officials, they thought that they did not need to obey the law if they obeyed the will of the emperor or officials, so in many cases, the common people did not take the "law" very seriously. Of course, rebellion and murder are two exceptions. Therefore, the people do not believe in the law, and after entering the modern society, many Chinese people still have a large number of thoughts that are opposed to the spirit of the rule of law in their minds; For example, what Zhang Xiang said before: The law does not blame the public; extrajudicial grace; The next is not an example and so on, but today's civil change is precisely because the gentry think that the law does not blame the people, and the law does not blame the people as a screen, and they do things that are arbitrary! If it is not taken seriously, how can the law be maintained? ”

Take a deep breath and continue.

Just as after the outbreak of this incident, what we need to see is the powerlessness of the local authorities, not because they are powerless, but because whether it is the violators, law enforcers, bystanders and commentators, when encountering a large number of people involved in the violation, it is easy to naturally emerge such an ideology, that is, "the law does not hold the public accountable". So everyone thinks of turning big things into small things and small things into nothing, and everything is dealt with leniently. Almost no one thinks that it is a desecration of the dignity of the law, no one thinks that it is a betrayal of the spirit of the rule of law, and no one thinks that it is a repetition of the mistakes of the Manchu ****! Therefore, if such a thing cannot be strictly implemented by law, then it will inevitably lead to a situation -- from then on, the law will be completely reduced to words on paper, and will not be valued by the people, and in today's China, the most important thing must first establish the dignity of the law, so that the people will believe in the law, instead of not knowing what the law is, as in the past, and even more so using all kinds of excuses to think that the law is arbitrary! ”

"Your Majesty, if this is the case, then there are millions of people who need to be arrested! This is really a curse for the country! ”

"Even if it's a million, what can it do? In the eyes of the ministers, there is only the law, there is no much, and furthermore, His Majesty can also follow the old practice of the Northeast, and after the trial is over, some minor offenders will be punished, and repeat offenders must be severely punished, in short, the dignity of the law must be maintained! Otherwise, the law will be empty from now on! ”

In the face of the rod of law raised by the Minister of Justice, Zhang Zhidong, who was worried, truly realized for the first time what it meant to be "harsh and cruel and unforgiving".

"Your Majesty, please think twice!" (To be continued.) )