Chapter 46 Governance

The Jin army broke the Khitan Xi coalition in Dushan, crossed the White Wolf Mountain day and night, and then marched east along the White Wolf Water to Liucheng, Yingzhou. In the past, the Tang army lost its division several times in the northeast, and the whole territory of Yingzhou at this time was all under the control of the Khitans, and Liucheng was the center of this area, and the city changed hands several times in the hands of the Han and Khitans, and both sides had built cities, which had a certain scale.

Du Xian led his army to Liucheng, but the enemy army closed the city. He had already tried the use of iron cannons in the Battle of Dushan, and it was more convenient to bombard fixed city wall targets, so he ordered the artillery to be used first. The four cannons continued to bombard the city, the wooden buildings caught fire, and the willow city burst into flames.

After firing like this a few times, the iron cannon was all reimbursed. The two barrels were cracked by gunpowder after being cooled with water, and they were going to explode if they were used again; The other two guns were deformed. In the end, the bombardment could only be stopped, and the officials recorded that the artillery was powerful, but it was not enough to use for a long time, and the new artillery was broken and discarded after two uses.

At this time, the west city of Liucheng had already collapsed into ruins, and fires broke out in many places in the city, and the fortifications almost lost their defense. When Du Xian was about to mobilize cavalry to attack it, the Khitans in Liucheng raised their banners and surrendered. The Jin army's attack on Liucheng ended with the cost of wounding two people (too close to cover their ears and being deafened by artillery), killing and wounding hundreds of captured more than 10,000 enemy soldiers.

After the capture of Liucheng, there are only a few records in the "New Jin Book": Siamese generals entered the city, suspected of surrendering by Hu, and killed them all; There was not much food and grass in the army, and troops were transferred to plunder grain.

Qingshi's understatement is actually not so easy, but it is full of blood and tears. At that time, Du Xian discussed with his staff, and considered several reasons, including killing the strong men and reducing the Khitan population, so he ordered to drive the surrendered Dushan and Liucheng prisoners into the urn city together, with more than 20,000 people, crowded in it with almost no place to stand, and it was crowded. Then he ordered the doors to be closed, and oil was poured into them, and they were set on fire.

The black oil dug out of the ground burned up black smoke billowing and stinking, and the city was densely populated, and there were few burned to death and many people were smoked to death. The captives had been disarmed before, and their bodies were unprotected, and the Jin soldiers on the city tower shot indiscriminately with bows and crossbows, and the massacre lasted for half a day, and the corpses in Weng City were piled up like mountains, like Shura Field. The army dug a huge pit outside the city, and used ox carts and wagons to transport the corpses and the wounded and not dead to bury them in the soil, and the number of young and strong Khitan people decreased by more than 20,000 in one day.

Li Shihuo's troops did not dare to regain Yingzhou, and had already abandoned the tribes here and retreated to the Songmo Duhufu. In order to supplement the grain and grass, Du Xian's army "ate on the enemy", so he sent cavalry to attack Yan County, Juluo and other places, where there was resistance, he would do the thing of "fortifying the wall and clearing the wilderness", tens of thousands of Khitan tribes in Yan County and Ruluo were slaughtered by iron cavalry, cattle, sheep, horses and all kinds of materials were robbed, and Du Xianam's armies made a windfall. The situation is similar for rural households everywhere, and the number of people who have fled or died has decreased a lot. By July, there was almost no organized force in the whole of Yingzhou, and all that remained in the township were a few individual households, most of whom fled to more inaccessible places.

Du Xian sent a letter to Chang'an to report his victory, and Song Zhangyan defeated the main force of the Khitan and Xi coalition forces, and the local Dongyi population "resisted", so he led his troops to suppress it and began to "govern" Yingzhou.

The Grand Governor Xingyuan has the highest power in Yingzhou, and the plan of "governance" is mainly formulated by Du Xianam's staff, and the implementation efficiency under military control is very high, but a series of measures taken by the Yingzhou regime appear to be relatively impatient.

The forces that took over the management of Yingzhou in all aspects were probably divided into three parties, the first was the regular army of more than 20,000 people below Du Xian, temporarily stationed in Liucheng, to suppress uprisings and riots in various places at any time. Then some border soldiers were transferred from Hebei, and the people in various parts of Yingzhou began to build fortifications, and established a military system of cities, forts, and sentinels step by step, and built post roads to connect each stronghold to form a network. The magistrates were then appointed to form a state and county system, and the county governors were to be given land for their duties according to the law, and were allowed to establish estates to support their family serfs, and even to have a small number of private armies. At the same time, it will open up related facilities such as military tun and mutual market.

Du Xian was originally ordered to "capture and occupy Yingzhou" in Chang'an, and it was clear that his mission was not only to defeat the Dongyi army on a frontal battlefield, but also to allow the Jin forces to gain a foothold in Yingzhou and effectively rule the region. Now his plan has moved away from the governance method of the prefecture, but directly establishes a military and political system similar to the border state in the country, and exercises direct rule over the prefecture.

The officials and generals transferred from Hebei are very proficient in the establishment of domestic prefectures and counties, and they can be said to have rich experience, but most of the people in Yingzhou are Hu people, and they are not as good as those in China in terms of actual implementation, and they have encountered many difficulties.

First of all, it took a lot of money and materials to transfer people and materials from Hebei, and then those Hu people who were violent and obedient to the officials of the Jin Dynasty were also divided into farmers and herdsmen, and some had learned to cultivate and own farmland, and such people were easier to manage. However, some herdsmen did not know how to farm, and after being co-opted, they could only be used as slave coolies, and after the Han people entered Yingzhou, some areas directly regressed from feudal society to slave society.

The biggest problem was the rebellion one after another, the killing of the Jin army in the early stage caused hatred, and then the Hu people in various places were forced to pay property and bear the heavy labor of building fortifications, and it was normal for riots to be frequent under oppression. In particular, the progress of the fortifications built in the north was very slow, and within a few days there were Khitan rangers attacking and harassing, and the border troops generally took weapons and tools to build fortifications. The cavalry that came out of Liucheng was suppressed everywhere, and bloody clashes occurred every day. Du Xianam's ability to "govern" the local area was stiff and dull, and his ability to govern the state was really not comparable to the level of marching and arranging formations.

In order to further occupy Yingzhou and make it more convenient for suppression, Du Xian ordered the re-establishment of the two cities of Yanjun and Ruluo, forming a triangle with Liucheng, and transferring troops to defend and rule violently over various places.

Civil officials from Hebei inspected the current situation in Yingzhou and admonished one after another, accusing Du Xian of being in a hurry and not a long-term solution at all. However, he believed that Yingzhou was the gateway to the countries of Northeast China, and that it should not be handed over to the Hu people for autonomy, but should be quickly "indoctrinated" and discarded the opinions of the bureaucrats. Some people scolded him for misleading the country, and angrily wrote the situation in Yingzhou into a concert and sent it to Chang'an for impeachment. Du Xian didn't think so, with his position in Xue Chongxun's heart, could he still be slandered by a few big officials?

At the same time, his students were also aides who reminded him: "The impeachment of several officials is not very important, but the ministers of the political hall are already dissatisfied with Du Gong, and those people are good at making a big fuss and may seize this matter to make a fuss, and Du Gong has to guard against it." ”

Du Xian still listened to some opinions, and as soon as others reminded him that there was some truth in his thinking, he was really worried for two days. However, the "management of Yingzhou" has already started with great fanfare, and there is no calculation in the allocation of personnel and materials, so we must not give up and waste resources halfway.

At this time, the Khan of the Bohai State and the Zhuhu tribes who were active in the old land of Goguryeo sent people to Liucheng to liaise with each other, and sent some envoys to Liucheng in order to negotiate peace in time when the Jin soldiers clashed with them in the future. The Khitan and Xi suffered defeat under the attack of the Jin Dynasty's army, and their military strength was damaged, and they also sent people to discuss a truce with force, and an envoy came to Liucheng to go to Chang'an to meet the emperor.

Du Xian set up a banquet to entertain and treat him. During this period, a staff member said: "Do you remember that when Du Gong was still in Chang'an, the last time he issued an order to let Silla enter the first place, the refutation of the political affairs hall was not issued?" ”

Du Xian said with a smile: "In this matter, those people in the political hall are really thinking about today. We have seen the Silla envoy in Chang'an, and his face is strange, and I am afraid that the woman is not very good-looking. ”

The staff said: "Today, there is an Andong Duhufu (the old land of Goguryeo, after being defeated by the Tang army, the country was destroyed and became the Tang Dynasty's detention state, and the Houying Prefecture was lost, and the Tang Dynasty once lost its effective control over the local area) The tribe sent people to show goodwill, why didn't Du Gong order them to choose a girl to send and sacrifice to Chang'an?" At this point, it's just a trivial matter. As far as the students know, the faces of the Goguryeo and Silla people are completely different, and the Goguryeo people are white and plump, and if you choose them well, you will definitely like them today. ”

Du Xian muttered: "This kind of thing is not very glorious, and I am afraid that it will be criticized by the courtiers." ”

The staff said disapprerovingly: "It wasn't offered by Duke Du, then the old Goguryeo department intends to return to the imperial court and is bent on offering gifts, can we still stop this in the barracks state?" ”

Du Xian remembered that he was impeached a few days ago, after all, his own people were not in Chang'an, and he was in charge of more than 100,000 soldiers and horses. Hearing this advice from the staff, although it feels like doing something is not a big deal, it can still make the emperor happy. He agreed with his staff.

One day, he received an envoy from the Protectorate of Andong and presented a considerable amount of cattle, sheep and silk, suggesting that the envoy asked the chief to send someone to Chang'an to offer virgins, and that he would receive more gifts. Originally, Du Xian also planned to threaten them with force if they did not agree, but the envoy readily agreed, and regarded the matter as a good deal to make money without losing money. After Du Xian came down, he couldn't help but sigh a few words to his staff: Our Jin Dynasty does business with the Quartet, but we never sell people, and we always take care of our integrity. The staff said: "In the past, the Goguryeo Kingdom was located in the northeast, and it was a state that dared not to claim subordination to the Central Plains, and would rather fight than bend its knees, but now that the country has died, future generations can't care so much." ”

Another said: "It was still Silla who knew the times, and was originally the weakest, and his opponent who was not Goguryeo was almost destroyed, but if he was able to put down his body and declare himself a vassal to Chang'an, he was able to join forces with the Tang Dynasty and finally destroy Goguryeo and occupy the entire peninsula." The unyielding destroys the country, and the ministers sit big, and the world is like this. ”

The people in the shogunate talked and laughed for a while, and some people wrote one or two small poems, and then they handled their official business. G