Chapter 893: Daming Royal Bank
From the moment of the issuance of treasure banknotes, the role of Hongmen money began to undergo a huge change, in the past, according to the amount of gold and silver deposited in the bank, the amount of bills and ticket stubs, now it is still the amount of gold and silver owned by the bank, began to issue treasure banknotes, of course, with the issuance of treasure banknotes, gold, silver and copper plates began to completely ban the popular.
In the past, it was impossible to imagine that it was impossible to prohibit the trading of gold, silver and copper coins, but now this matter is not particularly complicated, the merchants and scholars in the south have deposited all the gold and silver into the Hongmen Bank, and as for the officials and Zheng Jiajun at all levels, they completely use the treasure banknotes issued by the Hongmen Bank, which makes the Hongmen Bank's treasure money popular in the market at the fastest speed, and it is impossible for ordinary people to resist this torrent.
The amount and ticket stub of the original Hongmen money village still exist, but the name has been changed, called passbook, these passbooks can still be circulated within a certain range, such as large-scale business transactions, but the market is basically not in circulation passbook, after all, every consumption, do not need such a large amount.
The scholars, businessmen and people of the Ming Dynasty have an innate fear of treasure banknotes, which also makes the initial issue of treasure banknotes encounter some difficulties, but the government at all levels and Zheng Jiajun took the lead in implementing the regulations, the full use of treasure banknotes, and at the same time set up in various places Hongmen money villages, the value of treasure banknotes has been fully guaranteed, which makes the issuance of treasure banknotes much faster.
No matter where it is, as long as it is guaranteed by the government and used by officials first, it can be spread out quickly.
The emperor and the cabinet decided to start two large-scale expeditions in the coming year, which must require a large amount of money and grain, and it was Hongmen Qianzhuang that guaranteed the conquest of money and grain.
Zheng Xunrui had already inquired in detail about the situation in Hongmen Qianzhuang, and he knew it very well. Hongmen Qianzhuang was indeed able to provide a large amount of treasure money in a short period of time to ensure that the Zheng army attacked in two directions, but this situation could not be maintained for a long time, that is, the conquest at sea was the most critical, and it must be won in about a year. A large amount of materials can be obtained through the victory of the war, otherwise the supply of materials is insufficient, and the treasure money will definitely depreciate.
There is also the most critical point of sea conquest, that is, to extend the treasure money of the Ming court to Southeast Asia and even overseas.
It was also when Hongmen Qianzhuang issued treasure banknotes on behalf of the imperial court, Zheng Xunrui decided to become the Ming Royal Bank.
It is an inevitable trend to replace Hongmen Qian Zhuang with Daming Royal Bank, although everyone knows the background of Hongmen Qian Zhuang, but Qian Zhuang and the Royal Bank are not comparable, to put it mildly. Hongmen money is still private in nature, if the money is lost, scholars and merchants, including the gold, silver and jewelry deposited by the people, etc., are very likely to be non-existent, can be established Ming Royal Bank, its bank is directly controlled by the imperial court, whether it is a loss or a profit. It's all the imperial court to bear.
In the early dynasties, Zheng Xunrui proposed the establishment of the Daming Royal Bank. Daming Royal Bank to replace Hongmen Bank.
After so many years of development, Hongmen Qianzhuang has set up institutions in all the provincial capitals and prefectures of Daming, and most of the counties in the south also have Hongmen Qianzhuang institutions, and over the years, Hongmen Qianzhuang has laid a good foundation.
The soon-to-be-established Daming Royal Bank will completely replace Hongmen Bank. In addition to all the responsibilities of the original Hongmen Bank, the responsibilities of the Daming Royal Bank must be closely linked with the household department or household of the provincial capital, state and county, to ensure and provide the treasure money needed by the local government.
The corresponding change is also where the cabinet ministers are stunned. That is, from the day the establishment of the Daming Royal Bank, all the taxes collected must enter the Daming Royal Bank, and the royal banks at all levels are responsible for concentrating the taxes in the capital.
At first, many people didn't understand this very well, but after listening to the statements of Bian Yujing and others, everyone suddenly realized that they couldn't help but admire the emperor's foresight.
Since the Daming Royal Bank is responsible for issuing treasure banknotes, then the number of taxes can still be levied to determine the number of treasure banknotes, and the power to print and issue treasure banknotes is in the headquarters of the Daming Royal Bank in the capital, so that the tax enters the royal bank in the form of treasure banknotes, and the household department can immediately know the amount of taxes, and at the same time can immediately withdraw taxes.
In this way, huge transportation costs are saved and many inexplicable dangers are avoided.
The Royal Bank actually took on the responsibility of paying taxes on transport, but this was nothing to the Royal Bank, which was supposed to do monthly accounting to determine whether it was profitable or loss-making.
There are too many advantages of the establishment of the Ming Royal Bank, and the biggest advantage is that the scholars, merchants and people of the Ming Dynasty can be completely assured that the gold, silver, jewelry and other things they deposited are all in the royal bank owned by the imperial court, which ensures that their money cannot be lost.
After understanding the role of the Royal Bank of Daming, the cabinet immediately expressed its absolute support.
The next thing is the constitution and mechanism of the Daming Royal Bank.
Zheng Xunrui, who crossed through, attaches great importance to this aspect, the reason why it is named the Royal Bank, the purpose is to make the bank an independent system, and the local government must not be allowed to control the bank, otherwise many unpredictable things will appear, although the operation mechanism of the bank is not particularly familiar, nor is it a banker, but Zheng Xunrui knows that the bank cannot be directly controlled by the local government, and cannot become a small treasury of the local government.
Zheng Xunrui identified two management institutions for the Daming Royal Bank, one is the cabinet and the other is the household department.
Logically speaking, Zheng Xunrui can set up a special agency to professionally manage the Royal Bank, but today's division of labor is not particularly fine, especially the industrialization that affects the world process has not yet appeared, so some departments are not necessary to be established, and the bureaucracy can be streamlined.
The rapid development of banks and the changes in their responsibilities and functions are also closely related to industrialization, including the rapid and tremendous development of commerce and trade.
The headquarters of the Royal Bank of Daming is set up in the capital, under the headquarters of the North Zhili and each province to set up a branch, Fuzhou County is set up is a special office of the Royal Bank, and its jurisdiction is also progressive at each level, Fuzhou governs the county, the province governs the Fuzhou County, and the headquarters of the capital governs all the branches and offices.
The magistrate shall not interfere with the business of the Royal Bank and must provide the necessary support to the Royal Bank in the conduct of its business.
Even more surprising is yet to come.
The president of the Daming Royal Bank is Wen Manshan, the queen mother.
The vice president of the headquarters is Defei Dongmei and Gongfei Bian Yujing.
Each provincial branch of the Royal Bank shall have a president and two vice presidents, and the prefecture and county shall have a president and a vice president, and the president and vice president of the branch shall be appointed by the decision of the headquarters, the president and vice president of the prefecture shall be decided by the branch, and the president and vice president of the county shall be decided by the prefecture.
There are also strict restrictions on the number of candidates needed by the headquarters and the offices of the prefectures and counties, which are set up according to the size of the business volume, and the total number is not allowed to be exceeded.
The owners of the Royal Bank have no direct subordinate relationship with the local government, and the two parties are independent.
The only thing that can interfere in the affairs of the Royal Bank is the branch of the Metropolitan Inspectorate set up in the provincial capitals, which is responsible for supervising the inaction or corruption of the Royal Bank, and can directly impeach the irresponsible president and deputy governor.
The cabinet does not dare to speak about the candidates for the president and vice president of the headquarters, after all, it is the queen mother and Concubine De and Concubine Gong who serve as the president and vice president.
I'm afraid that only the emperor can speak.
Let Wen Manshan and others control the Daming Royal Bank, Zheng Xunrui has his own considerations, which is not the best choice, but in the current situation, it can be said to be the best choice, which can make the scholars, businessmen and people of the Ming Dynasty fully believe in the Royal Bank, you must know that the president of the Royal Bank is the queen's mother, so what is the problem, and so on, there is no problem with the treasure banknotes issued by the Royal Bank.
As for the management issue, it needs Zheng Xunrui to worry a lot, nominally the cabinet and the household department can govern the affairs of the Daming Royal Bank, but Wen Manshan became the president of the Royal Bank, and the cabinet and the household department did not dare to speak at all.
In terms of supervision, the Metropolitan Procuratorate does not dare to monitor the affairs of the headquarters, but it can monitor the Royal Bank in Beizhili and the provincial capitals.
There are pros and cons, and in the current situation, only the best way can be chosen.
In fact, Zheng Xunrui also understands that nothing can be perfect, whether it is many institutions of the imperial court or the Daming Royal Bank, they need to develop slowly step by step, and make many adjustments with the progress of the times, thinking that they will be foolproof when they are first established, which is wishful thinking.
Of course, Wen Manshan became the president of the headquarters of the Daming Royal Bank, and there was another consideration, that is, to lay a solid foundation for the expedition that will begin in the coming year.
In the middle of October of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, in the middle of October of the first year of Ruiyuan, Daming Royal Bank was officially established.
The treasure banknotes issued by the Daming Royal Bank were officially renamed Daming treasure banknotes.
Wen Manshan, Dong Mei and Bian Yujing and others served as the president and vice president of the headquarters of Daming Royal Bank, which caused huge repercussions in various places, whether it was many scholars and businessmen, or ordinary people, they did not expect, which subverted their three views, but everyone knows that Daming Royal Bank will become the top existence.
Because of the establishment of the Ming Royal Bank, the Ming treasure banknotes were quickly implemented in various places, the speed was unexpected, and by the end of November, the Ming treasure banknotes had entered the Qing Dynasty, Mongolian tribes and North Korea and other places, becoming the currency collected by these local magnates and people. (To be continued.) )