Chapter 311: Establishment of the Bank
If we want to make the country rich and the people strong, at worst, it is a huge project, and we need to carry out reforms in all aspects. To put it mildly, it is actually very simple, it is nothing more than to solve the problem of food, clothing, housing and transportation for the five types of people, farmers, industrialists, industrialists and soldiers.
The peasants are the largest in number, and it can be said that they are the foundation of dynastic rule, and to put it bluntly, if there are no peasants to farm for you, all nobles, merchants, and soldiers will starve to death. Therefore, the emperors of all dynasties attached great importance to agriculture, which can be seen from the order of "Shinong Industry and Commerce". However, due to ideological limitations and underdeveloped technology, agriculture was not very developed throughout the feudal era in China.
However, the peasant problem is the easiest to solve. Because the common people of China have been the easiest to satisfy since ancient times, and their lifelong pursuit is just "a peasant woman's spring and a little field". But as long as there is something to eat, the common people will not rise up and rebel.
What Li Guanqi has to do is nothing more than to let the peasants have their own land to grow, increase the yield of crops, and then reduce agricultural taxes.
Of course, this seems simple, but it's not easy. The main taxes of the feudal dynasty came from the peasants, and the Great Qian Dynasty was no exception, and if Li Guanqi wanted to greatly reduce agricultural taxes, he would have to think of ways to increase taxes from other places.
In fact, you don't need to think much about this, it is to hit the idea on the businessman. Merchants in feudal dynasties not only did not have a high social status, but also did not have a high tax status. The Great Qian Dynasty only adopted a tax rate of 50 per cent for merchant transactions, that is, only 2 percent, and as for salt, tea, wine, and other materials, they were directly exempt from tax. And even these two percent, there are very few people who collect them, and businessmen evade taxes everywhere.
This trip to Yangzhou allowed Li Guanqi to see the wealth of businessmen, so if he wanted to increase business taxes, he would not have any psychological burden at all.
It's the officials and the military who really have a bit of a headache. Officials are all in power. If their interests are drastically reduced, it is easy to form resistance, or even backlash. Li Guanqi, even the emperor, would be unable to parry.
As for the army, the biggest problem of the Great Qian Dynasty was that there were too many soldiers, and Li Guanqi had already carried out a certain amount of disarmament before, which also led to a rebellion. Fortunately, he has been successfully pacified. Now that the country wants to develop, it has strengthened his determination to disarm the army.
These are all problems that need to be solved, and to solve them, you need money, people, and technology.
Li Guanqi has no shortage of skills, he has crossed over, and any technology he understands is advanced since he was brought to the Great Qian Dynasty, even if he does not understand many techniques. But I've never eaten pork and seen a pig run. If you put your ideas out, there will naturally be talented people who will turn them into reality.
As for talents, it is indeed lacking, but fortunately, there is also a Jinling University, these students are all protégés of the Son of Heaven, and they have all been taught by Li Guanqi himself, and they will be Li Guanqi's powerful helpers.
The most lacking thing is money, and I want to build. Spending money is a must. In fact, the Great Qian Dynasty was not short of money, but the imperial court was short of money. The people are short of money. Therefore, the first thing Li Guanqi has to do is to earn money for the court first, and when the court has money, it can do what it wants, and when everything it wants to do is done, the people will naturally have money.
"Okay. Let's let this money make more money. Li Guanqi looked at the account book on the table and sighed.
Li Guanqi did not study finance, but he also knew that at any time, in addition to selling arms and drugs, the fastest money should belong to the bank.
In this era, private lending is a matter between individuals. There is no special lending business, and no institution is willing to take on this matter. The deposit business is even more scarce, and the big guys use cloth bags and cabinets to hold money. For example, some wealthy businessmen have too much money to fit in cabinets and cloth bags, what should they do? Dig cellars and use cellars, so there are always people in modern society who can dig up gold and silver treasures.
But Li Guanqi has crossed over from modern society, how can he tolerate the occurrence of mold growing in the cellar of money? Therefore, an unprecedented credit institution was born under the vigorous impetus of Li Guanqi -- Qianbao Bank was announced.
Prior to this, there were also some credit institutions such as money banks in the Great Qianchao, but they were all private in nature, had no official background, and their strength was not particularly strong, so the credibility was not particularly high, and the silver bills issued could only be used in specific areas and did not have national circulation. Moreover, the role of the money bank is more to serve the merchants, and the business is relatively simple. It was only for convenience that the merchants would go to the bank to temporarily store the gold and silver, and they would usually take it out immediately afterwards. Therefore, this deposit is not only interest-free, but also has to pay the bank custody fee.
It is for this reason that the business handled by the money bank is generally not small, at least it starts at ten taels. In fact, it is easy to understand when you think about it, it is not very troublesome to carry a few taels of silver with you, so naturally there is no need to spend the unjust money in storage fees.
Moreover, the silver bills issued by the bank are issued according to the gold and silver deposited by the customer, that is to say, the amount of the customer deposited, the amount issued out, there is no leverage.
However, the Qianbao Bank, which Li Guanqi has now established, operates according to the model of a modern bank, and of course, in order to quickly accumulate funds, the Qianbao Bank has both the dual roles of a central bank and a commercial bank.
The first thing Qianbao Bank did after its establishment was to issue banknotes called "Qianwei Bao Banknotes". The banknotes issued are secured by the deposit of the bank, which can be redeemed at any time at all branches of Qianbao Bank.
Of course, Li Guanqi would not be stupid enough to issue banknotes in a one-to-one ratio, but because this was the first time to issue banknotes, for the sake of safety and to ensure the credibility and firmness of Qianweibao's banknotes, Li Guanqi only set the reserve ratio at 50 percent. The household deposited 5 million silver, and the first batch of banknotes issued totaled 10 million taels.
In order to prevent falsification, Li Guanqi can be said to have exhausted his brain cells. First of all, the use of color printing, this thing looks simple, in fact, it is very complicated, because the Great Qianchao used artificial engraving printing, to the engraving ink is manual, if it is a single color does not matter, but to brush a different color on a carving, this can not guarantee that each brush is the same.
Fortunately, the wisdom of the masses is infinite, and all Li Guanqi has to do is to put forward his ideas, and under the research of Jinling University and the Bingjia Research Institute, it took only half a month to develop a set of automatic printing equipment, and successfully solved the most difficult link. (To be continued.) )