Chapter 347 Royal Real Yàn Room

[Today's second update]

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After returning from a holiday in the Mongolian steppes, the Shenwu Emperor Deng Haonan convened officials to discuss the foreign colonial war.

During the more than half a month of the emperor's travels, the imperial government mobilized 100,000 reserve officers and soldiers in the country, including 50,000 infantry divisions and 50,000 cavalry divisions. In addition, 200,000 Korean servants were recruited from the Korean Metropolitan Protectorate, 200,000 second-class nationals were recruited from Vietnam, Donghu Dynasty, Siam Dynasty, Lancang and other vassal states in Southeast Asia to form a second-class servant army, and from the colonies of Luzon and Papua, 500,000 third-class servants composed of natives, that is, the legendary cannon fodder.

Of course, compared to the regular army of the Empire, the other servant armies were cannon fodder. It's just that the cannon fodder is also divided into three, six, nine and so on, and the status of the Metropolitan Protectorate is higher than that of the subject country, and the status of the subject country is higher than that of the colony, that's all.

The servant armies are all included in the battle sequence of the Imperial Chinese Army, but in order to prevent advanced weapons from falling into the hands of dissenting servant armies and causing anti-government forces in the future, weapons and equipment and foster care are also divided into 369 and so on. The strategic location of the Korean Imperial Palace, which was close to Gyeonggi and defended the Yellow Sea, was included in the imperial territory. Therefore, the Korean servant army is the same except that the weapons and equipment are somewhat inferior to the regular army of the empire, and the foster care and welfare are the same. At this time, because the last king of Korea was still alive, the army formed by the Korean people resembled the role of the puppet army in history. However, this qiē ceased to be indistinguishable after the death of the last Korean king.

Servant armies provided by the subject powers, weapons and equipment were provided by the subject governments themselves, and the Imperial governments provided only the necessary foster care. The colonial servants, both in terms of armament and foster care, were provided by the colonial government. Of course, it depends, some colonies provide servant armies that are loyal to the Imperial Government, so the Imperial Government will also provide corresponding weapons and foster care.

The imperial government conscripted a million army not only to fight a colonial war, the colonial war against the Mughal Empire, the colonial war against Japan, the colonial war against the Spanish colony of Peru, it can be said that the imperial government has opened the opportunity of colonial war, advancing from land and sea to two continents.

Emphasis was placed on the colonial war against Peru, followed by the Mughal Empire and the Japanese to the second. In fact, Japan was treated in a way that was compatible with the Opium War and the Colonial War. The Mughal Empire was waged war because the Mughal Empire did not unify the Indian subcontinent at this time, and most of South and East India was still under the control of other Indian feudal lords. The Mughal Empire pushed its entire army to the southeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, with less than 60,000 troops near Delhi, the capital of the Mughal Empire. And the north of the capital, Delhi, is even more defense-empty, because they do not believe that the enemy will suddenly appear in the Himalayas to the north.

The carelessness of the Mughal Empire was the main motivation for the imperial government's decision to send troops to raid the Mughal Empire. If the first battle is won and the capital of the Mughal Empire is conquered in one fell swoop, then the Mughal Empire will fall apart and split into thousands of feudal lords. Then the empire could have waged a colonial war against the Mughal Empire and thus colonized the Indian subcontinent.

The colonial war against the Mughal Empire was accidental, that is, Delhi had to be taken in a short period of time, and if it could not be conquered for a long time, then the difficult supply of the Himalayas would make it impossible for the empire to support a colonial war against the Mughal Empire.

Therefore, the war against the Mughal Empire was placed on the second side, and the first was still the colonial war against Peru.

The Spanish navy in Peru blocked the Empire's trade routes to the Americas, and the rich gold and silver deposits in Peru were the driving force of the Empire's colonial expansion and the main means of the primitive accumulation of Imperial capital, so the war against Peru was the most important.

In the imperial study, Emperor Deng Haonan reviewed the battle plan submitted by the General Staff.

"The Royal Navy will first destroy the Spanish Navy in Peru, and in the next three months, the Royal Army will conduct a landing operation."

Lin Feng explained to Deng Haonan on the side.

"Before that, if the Royal Army succeeds in a sneak attack on Delhi, then the War Department will attack the Mughal Empire as the main direction of attack. For this purpose, the imperial government prepared an army of half a million men. Among them, the royal army of 50,000 people, two infantry divisions, and three cavalry divisions attacked the northern Mughal Empire from Qinghai-Tibet-Puran. The Luzon servant army of 500,000 landed from Hydebara on the west coast of the Bay of Bengal and united with the Marats to hold back the main army of the Mughal Empire from the front. From the eastern shore of the Bay of Bengal, the client armies of several subject states in Southeast Asia attacked Bengal directly and advanced along the Ganges River to Delhi in the northwest. In this way, the empire attacked the Mughal Empire from three sides, from east to west, and from north to south, and was expected to be able to defeat the Mughal Empire within a year. ”

Deng Haonan nodded and asked, "What if the sneak attack on Delhi is unsuccessful?" ”

Lin Feng replied: "If the sneak attack on Delhi fails, then the main force of the empire will quickly withdraw to Qinghai-Tibet and stop military operations in the north. The vassal armies of several vassal states to the east will also cease their military operations and all return to the country to prevent the Mughal Empire from provoking. The southern operation is still ongoing, and we have reached agreements with several of the major feudal lords in southern India to send servant armies from the colonies to cooperate with the Marathas in resisting the Mughal Empire. ”

Deng Haonan nodded and said, "If the friendship of the Marats can be obtained, then the empire can build a fortress in the southern port of India." Once there is a colonial stronghold, then the empire will have a foothold, and there will still be a chance to counterattack the Mughal Empire in the future."

"Emperor Shengming" Lin Feng continued: "We have sent people to contact several lords of the Marats, although they have not yet given us an answer, but judging from their willingness to open up an exclusive trade zone for the Portuguese, they will not refuse the Empire's request"

"That's good," Deng Haonan said, "Prepare with both hands, and the success rate will be higher."

"In addition, the military department intends to send three infantry divisions and two cavalry divisions to participate in the colonial war against Peru, and at the same time, there are 200,000 Korean servant troops to cooperate, if the early landing is smooth, the empire will occupy a foothold on the Peruvian coast, and then mobilize large troops from the colonies into the Peruvian battlefield."

"Yes" Deng Haonan nodded and said: "Peru is mountainous, if the Spaniards are not easy to deal with if they are hidden, it is better to let the colonial servant army deal with them."

"It's just—"

Deng Haonan changed his words and asked: "Isn't it a little too little for the empire to send 50,000 regular troops alone?"

Lin Feng knew that Deng Haonan's concern was nothing more than that the surrounding Spanish colonies would reinforce Peru.

"Your Majesty, please rest assured" Lin Feng said: "We have already prepared, the first batch is just to test the movements of the Spaniards, and we will arrange the pace of attack in the back according to the response of the Spaniards."

Deng Haonan nodded, and understood that the plan could not catch up with the changes. It would be a good idea to be able to adapt to the dynamics of the Spaniards.

In any case, the military operation against Peru will have to wait for the victory of the navy, so there is no hurry.

"Zhang Fengai, the governor of the Suez Canal, has news that according to the progress of the canal, it will be completed in half a year"

"Congratulations to the emperor" Lin Feng said happily: "After the opening of the Suez Canal, the empire's trade with Europe will be shortened by half, and once a year to trade in Europe, the empire's financial revenue will also be doubled."

Deng Haonan nodded, this is expected.

"But once the canal is open, Suez will become the fat meat that countries will compete for. The relationship between the Empire and the Ottoman Empire was now delicate, and war was on the verge of breaking out. ”

Lin Feng asked, "Is the emperor worried that the empire will not be able to hold the Suez Canal?" ”

Deng Haonan nodded and said, "Even if it is held, if war breaks out, even if others can't take it away, the canal will not be navigable."

In the event of war, although the empire built a fortress in the middle of the Suez Canal. It was difficult for the Turks to take it, but as long as the Turks held Port Said and Suez City, they would also control the canal.

If you want to completely control the canal, you must first compromise with the Ottoman Empire, or directly send troops to occupy Egypt.

"The Ottoman Turkish Empire is fighting with the Russian Empire for Ukraine, and presumably the other side will not start a war against the Empire lightly."

"That's sooner or later."

"The Turkish Empire and the Russian Empire have been fighting for Ukraine for several years, and both sides will want to take a break and fight again," Deng said. ”

Once the two sides have a truce for a while, then the Ottoman Turkish Empire is likely to turn around and pull out the nail of the Chinese Empire in Egypt - the fortress of Ismailia.

"Ismailia is like a fish bone, stuck in the throat of Turkey, do you think they can stand it?"

Lin Feng thought for a while and said, "It looks like the empire will fight several wars in the coming year."

At this time, Deng Haonan suddenly smiled and said: "As long as it is a money-making war, we have to fight"

Lin Feng also smiled and said, "What the emperor said is that the minister will now order someone to study the situation in Egypt and prepare for a possible war in Egypt."

Deng Haonan nodded, and Lin Feng saluted and retired.

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With the stabilization of the empire and the refinement of the division of state affairs, many tasks have entered the normal track. In this way, as the emperor, Deng Haonan's workload has also eased with the improvement of the efficiency of the cabinet.

With free time, Deng Haonan remembered his real room.

In the palace, Deng Haonan specially opened up a forbidden place as a place for him to carry out various practical activities.

Previously, this real room was in the Liao Palace, and Deng Haonan used instruments to refine opium and penicillin. Later, Li De brought back a large number of European alchemists from Europe to Deng Haonan's instruments, so that Deng Haonan's practical room had the equipment to carry out chemical realization.

Because Deng Haonan was only interested in the real yàn involving artillery, but the civil and military officials didn't know why, and learned that Deng Haonan was really gunpowder and other dangerous things, so the ministers knelt outside the palace several times and asked Deng Haonan to give up the real yàn and take care of the dragon body.

Of course, Deng Haonan knew that it was Xiao Liuzi who told the secret, and Xiao Liuzi first told the queen and the imperial concubines about the matter, but their persuasion didn't seem to work, so the queen told the matter to the civil and military officials, and asked them to bother Deng Haonan directly.

Sure enough, the civil and military officials knelt down several times to advise, so that Deng Haonan had to give up most of the gunpowder. Of course, Deng Haonan didn't blame anyone, because he knew that these people were all for his good and out of good intentions.

As the emperor of a huge empire, if Deng Haonan had an accident in the process of gunpowder, then this great prospect of the empire would be completely ruined.

At this time, Deng Haonan was no longer an individual, but represented the fate of the entire Chinese Empire.

Deng Haonan is naturally well aware of the righteousness, and for this reason, this royal real room has to be open to civil and military officials and conduct strict security inspections. But as long as the real yàn could threaten the emperor's safety, there were a large number of guards to isolate the emperor from afar. What Deng Haonan wants to do, he only needs to move his mouth, and naturally someone will help him to complete it, Deng Haonan can only watch from afar.

Although this seems a bit exaggerated, Deng Haonan only smiled bitterly for a few days and quickly got used to it.

At this time, in the royal room, a group of white coats were busy. These white coats have been personally trained by Deng Haonan over the years, there are Chinese scientists, there are also foreign scientists, they passively accept Deng Haonan's arrangement and knowledge indoctrination from the beginning, and now they can take the initiative to explore and study things.

Of course, Deng Haonan pointed fingers at them, and even shouted.

However, in most cases, it is Deng Haonan who is right. However, there are exceptions.

For example, in the refining of sulfuric acid, Deng Haonan has been shouting that the group of white coats should use the most advanced contact method to produce sulfuric acid.

The contact method for the production of sulfuric acid was a very simple and effective method in later generations, and the equipment was not too complicated. However, it is what Deng Haonan sees as simple that in the eyes of these ancient people, it is difficult to understand, because they do not understand chemical reactions.

The contact method is to calcine sulfur or iron sulfide through air in the combustion chamber to generate sulfur dioxide, and then under the catalytic action of vanadium pentoxide, sulfur dioxide reacts with oxygen to generate sulfur trioxide, and then absorbs 98 concentrated sulfuric acid in the absorption tower to generate oleum sulfuric acid, and then hydrolysis to form sulfuric acid, generally there will be two catalytic furnaces and three absorption towers, among which nitrogen is used as protective gas, and the advantages are, of course, simple operation, simple equipment and high utilization rate of raw materials, and less environmental pollution.

However, although Deng Haonan's contact method of production of sulfuric acid equipment is simple, but there are many processes, these white coats are just half-bottle chemists and alchemists, can not understand Deng Haonan's profound meaning at all, the sulfuric acid produced is unqualified, and time-consuming and laborious, with little effect.

For this reason, the research and experiment on the preparation method of sulfuric acid has lasted for a year, and the results are still unsuccessful.

However, with the addition of Sun Yuanhua, the situation has changed.

Xu Guangqi died of illness two years ago, Sun Yuanhua resigned and went home to keep his master awake for two years. But after two years, there were no vacancies in the imperial court for Sun Yuanhua.

But Sun Yuanhua followed Xu Guangqi to learn a lot of alchemy, that is, chemistry. In particular, it has a unique feature in quenching gunpowder. The gunpowder made by Sun Yuanhua was more powerful because he used his own earthen method to purify the gunpowder and mixed it in proportion to his own way.

Deng Haonan was surprised that his earthen method could reach the power of gunpowder prepared by Deng Haonan, so he transferred him to Guozijian and participated in the work of the royal real room.

Sun Yuanhua admired Deng Haonan's advanced extraction techniques and theories, but sometimes he thought Deng Haonan's method was incorrect. Take the manufacture of sulfuric acid as an example, Sun Yuanhua knew many soil methods for making sulfuric acid, but Deng Haonan despised those soil methods and insisted on using his advanced theories.

It is true that Deng Haonan's advanced theories are indeed shocking and admirable, but in the face of the chemists of the empire, Deng Haonan's advanced theories seem to have no effect on Niu playing the piano.

Instead of using it in this way, it is better to use the soil method to produce sulfuric acid.

In this way, Sun Yuanhua took over the task of manufacturing sulfuric acid and assured Deng Haonan that industrial production would be realized.

Deng Haonan also wanted to see how capable Sun Yuanhua was, and he actually challenged his own methods.

As a result, the work of producing sulfuric acid was handed over to Sun Yuanhua.

Soon, Sun Yuanhua organized people to use folk soil methods to produce sulfuric acid. Then, the process of producing sulfuric acid by the soil method is improved, so that large-scale industrial production can be realized.

Deng Haonan paid attention to Sun Yuanhua's movements, and scoffed at first, but as Sun Yuanhua gradually completed his work, the preparation of high-purity sulfuric acid was realized. Moreover, it can also be produced on a large scale, although the cost is higher than that of the contact method to produce sulfuric acid, but it has to be said that it is still within the affordable range.

The most important thing is that if Deng Haonan has insisted on his method of research, although one day the contact method can be realized to produce sulfuric acid, but because of this, the time for sulfuric acid to be put into industrial production has been delayed. And sulfuric acid, as the main raw material of new gunpowder, can bring gunpowder. Delays of several years or even more than a dozen years have resulted in very different results.

In fact, Deng Haonan made a strict mistake. He has always imposed the advanced theories of his later generations on the people of this era, but they do not know that this is precisely hindering the other party and hindering his own thinking space. Originally, it was a very simple matter, and it was best to solve it with ancient methods, but when it came to Deng Haonan, he had to use modern methods to solve it, which made simple things complicated, and the result was different.

Sun Yuanhua's method is very simple, completely earthy, but it is relatively effective, and can produce sulfuric acid on a large scale.

As early as 650~683 A.D. (during the time of Tang Gaozong), the alchemist Gu Gangzi recorded in his book "Yellow Emperor Jiuding Shendan Sutra" volume 9 that "refining stone gall to extract the essence method", that is, dry distillation of stone gall (bile alum) to obtain sulfuric acid.

The method is very simple, heat copper sulfate pentahydrate to obtain copper sulfate crystals, and then continue to heat copper sulfate crystals at high temperature to decompose them into copper oxide and sulfur trioxide, and the gas is introduced into water to obtain sulfuric acid.

This discovery preceded the discovery of the West by five or six hundred years, and at the same time Gugangzi not only used this sulfuric acid to decompose gold mines, but also discovered many surprising changes in which sulfuric acid participated, such as his knowledge of the properties of dilute sulfuric acid that could not corrode copper.

In the eighth century, the Arab alchemist Jaber discovered that saltpeter and alum were distilled together, and the resulting gas was dissolved in water to obtain sulfuric acid. Later, it was also discovered that some mineral springs have a strong sulfur smell, which can treat skin diseases, because the river water is slowly oxidized into trace amounts of H24 after long-term exposure to pyrite (Fe2), etc., which makes the river water taste sour.

Although Sun Yuanhua's method is old-fashioned, it reminds Deng Haonan that you can't blindly force the ancients to understand modern craftsmanship, which may be counterproductive.

Sun Yuanhua's industrial large-scale manufacturing method only needs to obtain bile alum deposits, although the people do not know much about bile alum, but there are still a lot of bile alum mines in the empire.

Sun's method allows for industrial production, but the output is limited by the mining of gallum ore.

So Deng Haonan rewarded Sun Yuanhua and ordered the Ministry of Industry to send people to find bile alum deposits, and then set up a sulfuric acid production plant.

Through the revelation of Sun Yuanhua, Deng Haonan did not underestimate the wisdom of the ancients, so he began to conceive some simple methods for making sulfuric acid.

Subsequently, Deng Haonan invented the use of sulfur combustion, and then the guò lead chamber method to produce sulfuric acid.

This is not difficult, the empire's manufacturing technology for lead plates has been quite mature, and at the same time, the ceramics produced by the common people of the empire also have quite strong acid resistance, and it can also be used to replace the lead chamber.

Therefore, with the bile alum calcination method and the sulfur lead chamber extraction method, two methods that can be produced on a large scale, the imperial gunpowder industry finally ushered in a huge **, that is, the most critical raw material for the manufacture of new gunpowder - sulfuric acid can be industrially produced.

Sulfuric acid is a catalyst for the manufacture of nitrified gunpowder, so Deng Haonan wants to make advanced gunpowder, which is inseparable from the large-scale production of sulfuric acid.

At this time, in another real room of Deng Haonan, the black powder had already begun to be added with appropriate sulfates, etc., to improve the power of the black powder.

After the industrial manufacture of sulfuric acid, Deng Haonan soon obtained nitric acid and its derived nitrate. Of course, if sulfates and nitrates can be found, then a qiē is much simpler. It's a pity that even if someone discovers sulfate and nitrate mines in this era, they don't know the treasure he found.

Therefore, Deng Haonan can't count on those, and can only rely on industrial production.

Although the concentrated sulfuric acid and saltpeter required for the industrial production of nitric acid were already industrially manufactured in the empire and had a stable source of raw materials, the industrial equipment used to produce nitric acid was corrosive and costly. Although the empire produced much corrosion-resistant steel and ceramics, nitric acid was still expensive to manufacture.

However, the imperial government did not care about this, and the huge financial surplus allowed Deng Haonan to arrange the production and mining of these gunpowder raw materials. E