Zhang Li patiently explained to Song Yingxing the situation of rifled guns and mini bullets, and now Song Yingxing has some preliminary understanding, but mini bullets are okay to say, the biggest problem is rifling.

Pulling a spiral rifling on the inner wall of the barrel has never been done in the Ming Dynasty.

No matter what the tension says, it can't get around the problem of manufacturing. Zhang Li's manual rifling was not too complicated in his spare time, but it was still not very efficient.

At the moment, it is impossible to get a machine tool or something, just make it, artificial, Tuanshan Fort is the most lacking!

If there is no industrial foundation, then use a large amount of labor to make up for it -- after all, if you want to industrialize, it will take a long process, and now step by step, like the later dynasties, first build "labor-intensive industries"!

Zhang Zhang made up his mind and said to Song Yingxing: "Song experience, this official ...... Well, the officer himself has developed the process of making rifling—"

Zhang Li's face was slightly hot when he said this, but it was just a matter of a moment, and he returned to normal.

Song Yingxing had already seen it, he thought that his level of Western studies was good, but after coming to Tuanshan Fort, he found that Master Zhang's level of Western studies far surpassed him.

At this moment, Song Yingxing looked respectful, and his tone was full of expectation: "Master Zhang, tell me how to make that rifling?" ”

Zhang Li once thought about this problem, and the most important thing in the rifling wire is the "knife".

Yes, if you want to make rifling on the inner wall of the barrel made of 100 steel, then the tool you use must be harder than 100 steel.

A lot of traversers use diamonds or diamonds for rifling, yes. Before the advent of titanium, it was indeed the hardest substance. But-

Diamond as a cutting tool is not suitable for steel materials. Because it is only suitable for processing non-ferrous metals, such as copper and aluminum, in the metal field. However, it does not apply to steel parts. The reason is not because of hardness, toughness, etc., but because its main component, carbon, and iron, the main element of steel, have a very high affinity.

Steel is actually mainly an alloy material of iron and carbon, which is caused by the high affinity between iron and carbon.

When diamond is used as a tool to process steel, the carbon atoms on the tip of the tool penetrate into the workpiece very quickly, and a large number of carbon atoms will remain on the surface of the workpiece. The end result is that the diamond tool wears out quickly, and the tip and edge lose their sharpness and need to be resharpened.

Polishing a diamond is a hundred times more troublesome than rifling - because there is only one other diamond in the world that can cut a diamond......

Diamonds wear out too quickly, so they have a short life as a tool. In the end, the cost performance will be super low. Therefore, diamond cannot be used for rifling tools, and there can be no titanium alloy now, only steel with higher hardness.

The steel made in the same furnace, because the current process is not completely consistent with the hardness, then Song Yingxing can choose high-hardness 100 steels as a rifling tool.

As soon as Zhang Li told Song Yingxing about the rifling tool with high-strength steel, he immediately understood.

The next step is the production method, which is the hook knife broaching method for tension, which is not unusual for Europeans to use this method to make rifling.

The hook-shaped cutter is placed on a steel lever that is slightly thinner than the diameter of the chamber. The height of the hook blade can be adjusted by adjusting the screws on the tie rod layer.

Each time the pull passes through the barrel, the lever moves slightly, and with the uniform rotation of the barrel, a certain degree of winding rifling is drawn. After reaching a predetermined width, the second rifling is pulled in a different position.

Generally, it only takes about 20 times to pull a rifling line, while a better gun needs to broach about 100 times for the same rifling line. The more you pull. The finer the groove formed, the more precise it is.

This method tension and Song Yingxing also explained it in detail. He also took out a drawing from his bosom, which Zhang Zhang had already drawn. Now it's just for Song Yingxing.

Rao is Song Yingxing is quite good at craft manufacturing, and when he looked at this drawing, his hands couldn't help but tremble slightly.

The tension is not broken, in fact, the rifled gun is not a key technology, the mini bullet is - the rifled gun without the mini bullet is really the "chicken ribs" in Cao Mengde's mouth!

On this day, the two talked until dusk, when Song Yingxing confidently said goodbye and left, looking at the back of Song Yingxing leaving, Zhang Zhang suddenly had a strange feeling in his heart.

Time is running out, I don't have much time to waste, the power of science and technology, come more violently!

……

I have to admit that Huang Taiji, as an emperor, is stronger than Chongzhen, the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty, in all aspects.

Whether a person is strong or not depends on who he compares with.

Later generations raised the evaluation of Huang Taiji, saying that Huang Taiji was "the first person below Tang Taizong......

This evaluation estimates that Zhao Kuangyin is not convinced, Genghis Khan is not convinced, Kublai Khan is not convinced, Zhu Yuanzhang is not convinced, and Zhu Di is not convinced.

Qin Yuan Chunbu of the Taizu of this dynasty also wrote "Qin Emperor Han Wu...... Tang Dynasty Song Ancestor ...... A generation of Tianjiao ...... "Yunyun - Taizu commented on the emperors of the past dynasties, below Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, at least Zhao Kuangyin and Genghis Khan - Taizu did not say anything "Qingzong and Song Zu", it can be seen that Huang Taiji is not ranked.

In the great unification of the dynasties, Taizu Taizong did not basically complete the unification of the country, and it seems that there are only mites cleared.

Therefore, Huang Taiji can't be ranked very high among the emperors of the past dynasties, right?

If you have the ability, Chongzhen is so "mentally retarded", the Ming Dynasty is already sparse, and you can't destroy him?

Not to mention firearms and artillery, during the last decisive battle between the Ming and Qing dynasties - the Battle of Songshan, the firearms and artillery of the Qing army had surpassed that of the Ming army......

The Dazheng Hall in the Shenyang Imperial Palace is equivalent to the existence of the Taihe Hall of the Forbidden City in Beijing - the place of court discussion.

The Dazheng Hall is built by the wild boar Pinuer Hachi, it is an octagonal heavy eaves drill pointed building, the top of the hall is covered with yellow glazed tiles and inlaid with green trimming, sixteen colorful glazed ridges, a large wooden frame structure, mortise and tenon joints, flying eaves and bucket arches, color paintings, glazed glass and dragon pan pillars, etc., these are somewhat similar to the Taihe Hall of the Forbidden City.

However, the phase wheel beads and eight wrestlers on the top of the hall, as well as the Sanskrit beams in the hall, have the original shamanic color of the Jurchens.

It can be said that the architectural style of this main hall is a bit of a "Manchu and Han full seat", and the cultural fusion between the two different ethnic groups is evident here.

Huang Taiji was sitting on the dragon chair in the Dazheng Hall at this moment, scanning everyone in the hall.

This was an important military meeting, and there were many people in attendance, and almost all the important figures of the Jin country were present. The beylers, princes, ministers, and generals filled the whole hall. And the most puzzling thing is that Kong Youde's seat was ranked very early, which made Kong Youde, who participated in an important military conference in the Jin State for the first time, feel a sense of "flattered".

Huang Taiji didn't care about the ugly looks of the crowd, he knew that he was too good to the Ming Kingdom's "general", and there were already many Jurchen princes and ministers who had discussed it in private.

Those who achieve great things are not informal!

Recently, I have become obsessed with a military book that Mr. Fan got out of nowhere, although some of it is not easy to understand, and the story is not as good as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms"-

It seems that it says that "go to the army to fight and plot, then to fight the enemy, then to attack the army, and then to attack the city", which is quite awesome, very connotative, and quite in line with my own heart......

I don't know if this book was written by Zhuge Kongming, or Zhou Yu? Well, Zhou Gongjin is narrow-minded, and he will definitely not be able to write such a peerless book!

Could it be Sima Yi?

Sima Yiting is very good at his own way, Zhuge Liang has the ability, but he is too stupid and loyal, and he despises himself......

For a while, Huang Taiji's thoughts drifted a little far, and His Highness naturally didn't dare to speak, so they waited quietly.

After a long time, Huang Taiji finally returned to normalcy and said: "Zhong Aiqing, let's talk about it, which of the three directions of the current Jin State, Lin Dan Khan of the Ming Kingdom, North Korea, and Chahar, should use troops first?" ”

Although Huang Taiji spoke in this consultative tone, in fact, he had already agreed with Fan Wencheng in private to go on an expedition to the Ming Kingdom. It's just that now the Eight Banners need to unify their thinking, so there is this meeting.

Huang Taiji's words had just landed, and sure enough, his cousin Zilharang was the first to speak.

"Your Majesty, if you want to conquer the Ming Kingdom, you must first conquer Mongolia! At present, all the Mongolian tribes are subjugated to our Dajin Kingdom, and only the old puppet of Lin Dan Khan of the Chahar Department is still stubbornly resisting! Ben Belle advises the Great Khan to attack Lin Dan Khan! ”

Since the time of Nuer Hachi, the attitude of the Jin Kingdom and the Mongolian tribes has become close, including the Fujin and the side Fujin of Huangtaiji are all Mongols - well, by the way, the side Fujin of Huangtaiji is called Burbutai, which is later Xiaozhuang......

At present, only Chahar of the Mongolian tribe is dissatisfied with the Jin State, and the fatal thing is that Lin Dan Khan is still a descendant of Genghis Khan, although his strength is not strong now, but the appeal is quite amazing - after all, Genghis Khan is a god-like existence in the hearts of the Mongols!

As soon as Zilharang's words landed, the Jurchen Beylers and the princes and ministers echoed the voices!

At this moment, Dolgon took a few steps forward and said loudly, "Great Khan! The Chahar Department and the Keerqin Department are old enemies, and the minister suggested that the Great Khan personally conquer the Chahar and take down Lin Dan Khan's dog head! ”

As soon as Dorgon said this, all the ministers looked at each other and turned their eyes to Huang Taiji.

Yes, Huang Taiji's Fujin and Fang Fujin are both princesses of the Keerqin Department, the sworn enemy of the Nima hostess's mother's family, the Great Khan must not be able to bear it, right?

Dolgon's heart was slightly excited, but he still retreated to the position he had just taken -

Burbtai, you know what? Although I'm only a Heshuo at the moment, I'm also the owner of the White Flag!

Now I propose to the Great Khan that you first attack your mother's sworn enemy, the Chahar tribe......

Dolgon's face was slightly hot, and he lowered his head, not knowing what he was thinking. (To be continued.) )