Chapter 802: Coming to China Again
Japan from 1900 to 1901 was a lively place.
South Japan continued to draw closer to China, and after Radhi Island, Liu Siam handed over to Japan Sibola Island in the Mentawe Islands off the west coast of Sumatra, another island about the size of Rati. The land is fertile, hilly, with a steep west coast and a maximum altitude of 285 meters, and many coral reefs in the surrounding seas.
At least 30% of the island is pristine rainforest, and the indigenous people, a tattoo-loving people, have a population of less than 2,000. After handing over the land to Southwest Japan, the overjoyed Southwest Japanese government immediately organized a team of explorers to enter Sibola Island, and at the same time began to recruit farmers in the country on a large scale. This island will relieve the pressure on the population of at least two or three hundred thousand people in southwestern Japan.
So for the year from 1900 to 1901, Southwest Japan was happy and lively because of happy events.
In northern Japan, on the other hand, the whole country is boiling due to political toss-up.
Hirobumi Ito, who returned to Japan from China, officially started his own 'lineage' program. He toured various parts of Japan and delivered 28 speeches, expounding on his doctrine of national unity and the purpose of party building. On September 15, 1900, the Constitutional Political Friendship Association was established with Hirobumi Ito as its president. The party, which was based on bureaucratic politicians, dismantled the Constitutional Party (formerly the Liberal Party) and split the Constitutional Party itself (formerly the Progressive Party) as soon as it was founded, and became the most powerful conservative party with 1 million members. In his speech at the party's founding meeting, Ito called on "those engaged in agriculture, industry, and business" to join the party. The aim is to use constitutionalism as a signboard. As much as possible, we should unite with the landlords and the bourgeoisie to face the predicament of Japan today. and inhibit the development and expansion of the army's power. In October, Hirobumi Ito went out again. With the backbone of the Political Friendship Association as the team, the "Cabinet of the Political Friendship Association" is formed. Just as he had hoped, the budget proposed by the Cabinet, which is characterized by an increase in indirect taxes, was successfully passed by the House of Representatives, which is controlled by the Friends of Politicians. Sure enough, with the 'lineage', it's different.
Unexpectedly, however, the budget was rejected by the House of Lords, which has always supported the government's position. Ito asked Emperor Meiji to adjourn the House of Nobles. This was the first time since the formation of the Cabinet that the House of Lords had been ordered to adjourn. Ito's old trick was repeated, and the Emperor's decree was once again requested, forcing the House of Nobles to accept the 'Budget' proposal. However, the newly established political friendship association is not satisfactory, the absolute authority of the president is difficult to be truly established, and the cabinet of the political friendship association has not really achieved unity of opinion. As the vice president of the Political Friendship Association, Prime Minister Kunitake Watanabe. He opposed the government's policy of raising public bonds, insisted on reducing or even canceling the collection of public bonds, and advocated the abandonment of state-owned enterprises. Ito was unable to reconcile his cabinet differences and had to resign again. In the summer of 1901, Ito Hirobumi returned to China. The position of Prime Minister of Japan was taken over by Katsura Taro, who represents the power of the army!
Ito Hirobumi, who came to China for the second time, was still warmly welcomed by the Chinese royal family, and when Liu Xian looked at Ito Hirobumi, he felt a very great sense of accomplishment in his heart, just like he could destroy Tsarist Russia and destroy the United States. Such a thorough suppression and division of Japan, for Liu Xian himself, his inner happiness is no less than that of destroying Russia and destroying the United States, and even more!
Little Japan. That is the eternal pain in the hearts of all Chinese in Liu Xian's previous life!
"Mr. Huang, I am very puzzled by China's finances. Japan has been suffering from fiscal deficits for many years, so why can China use grain as the standard currency? I'd like you to elaborate on that. "Hirobumi Ito really can't understand that. China's Chinese yuan is sold completely out of thin air, and the grain is important. But the whole world can buy it, so doesn't that mean that the Chinese can issue their currency without limit? However, the finances of the Chinese have not collapsed in the slightest during these years!
"Mr. Ito. The most basic and fundamental factor of China's finances is not gold and silver, but the labor force of the people of the whole country. His Majesty once said that labor creates wealth, and productivity is the first element. Therefore, the core concept of Chinese finance is that money should respond to the products produced by labor. ”
Ito walked beside Huang Zunxian, who is arguably the best and deepest Chinese official in Tokyo and Japan in China today. "What Huang Sang said, Ito said a little. But China is so big, and so much wealth is created in a year, how do your banks and finance calculate how much currency is issued? I'm curious, I wonder if Huang Sang can tell about it. "Ito Hirobumi was very knowledgeable, but like other scholars of his time, he was rich in knowledge and lacking in knowledge. Otherwise, how can it be said that theorists are also a kind of home, and even an extremely important factor in the development and growth of a Zuyi.
Even so, Ito Hirobumi is already quite professional compared to others. Although he is puzzled by many of China's practices, especially the fiscal policy led by Liu Xian, he feels even more amazing. East Asian countries, whether they are China, Japan, or North Korea, have always had a major fiscal problem since the beginning of modern times. When the new Qin seized the world, it was reasonable to say that there was no shortage of money in his hands, but a lot of real money and silver were used by the Chinese government to sell technology and machinery, but the Chinese yuan issued out of thin air was used in China, which was really incomprehensible to Ito.
Japan has also experienced an increase in the issuance of yen due to the loss of domestic precious metals and financial shortages. At its peak, the yen in circulation in Japan was more than 10 times higher than the real money and foreign exchange in the hands of the Japanese government. In this regard, Japan's method is that the state organizes foreign trade settlement, and all foreign exports are collected by the state in foreign exchange, and then transferred to domestic merchants in yen. This is a very ingenious way to solve the problem. But what about China? There is no foreign currency in circulation in the country, and the Chinese dollar is all controlled and issued by the state, and there is no direct bank exchange with real money and silver, not only Ito, but the whole world is extremely curious about China's finances.
How did they know that this method was completely taken by Liu Xian, and why could the Red Dynasty of the original time and space come up with such a method? In the end, it's still up to the opponent to force it.
When New China was founded, if it relied on real money to issue currency, it would be nonsense at all. And at that time in China, grain was really very precious, so RMB came into being. Liu Xian gave up the silver dollar and the gold and silver standard when he had a choice, and used grain as a monetary support, which is also a fear of Western capital manipulating China's financial market.
Anyway, after the establishment of the new Qin, China won consecutive battles, and on this basis, the status and value of Huayuan became more and more stable. Eventually, after years of implementation, silver dollars and gold and silver were replaced in one fell swoop. Such an experience may only be achieved by China in the whole world.
"Huayuan doesn't come out of nowhere. Long before His Majesty established the world, there were vouchers in Liu's Farm, Liuzhou, Qinzhou and other places. With this coupon, you can enter the department store to buy any items, and the price is 5%~10% cheaper than real money. In practice, this is also a fiscal system based on labor and productivity.
After the people and workers get the 'money', they are destined to spend it and buy the necessities of life. 'Money' is just a substitute and doesn't have to be real money. ”
Huang Zunxian's words and Ito Hirofumi can understand them. As a first-rate politician in Japan, Ito has a clear understanding of the concept of money.
"This kind of fiscal needs a prerequisite for a strong regime. A powerful regime that is able to extend its tentacles into all walks of life. It is the new Qin Dynasty that is cash, breaking the thousand-year-old practice of China's imperial power not going to the countryside. The town government, administrative villages, brigades, and groups directly control every move of the peasants at the grassroots level. Naturally, we have deprived the gentry, landlords, and suzerains of a great deal of autonomy from the old Chinese social system. It can be said that in the New Qin Dynasty, local power was extremely atrophied. ”
"With control, there is executive power. Otherwise, no matter how good the policy is, it will be an empty word. A policy that is implemented in practice is a really good policy! ”
Huang did not believe that the Chinese system applied to Japan, which was the domain of political lords, chaebols, armies, and feudal lords, and that the Meiji Emperor's power seemed to be not small, but if his ministers did not dump him, the emperor would have no use. Of course, imperial power is also an indispensable existence in the politics of capital. Ito Hirobumi soon relied on Emperor Meiji to suppress the parliament and the House of Lords.
Huang Zunxian now agrees with Emperor Liu that the government of a country with a multi-dang system cannot be as strong as the Chinese government. Therefore, he does not think that Ito Hirobumi will really draw much nutrients from China as a whole, at most a little bit of fur.
"Mr. Ito, whether it is China or Japan, taxes are to be put bluntly collected from the products produced by labor, but there are layers of intermediate strata between the government and the people, officials, gentry, and landlords. So the core of China's new fiscal is to eliminate all middle classes. The government is in direct contact with the people, and the grassroots government is built directly in the towns and villages. And then with a strong supervisory force, the regulator 'official' class! ”
"China has a lot of land, but China also has a large population. China's arable land per capita is very small. On average, under China's old cultivated land, there were only three acres per capita. In order to ensure that there is no social disorder, if we want to solve China's food problem, we cannot only rely on imports from the outside world. China itself is also developing new agriculture and cultivating new and improved varieties.
Moreover, because of the flood discharge area in Northeast China, in the first few years of the unification of the world, the migration from Northeast China and the development of Northeast China greatly alleviated the contradiction between domestic peasants and cultivated land. Just like you Japan has been vigorously developing Hokkaido over the years. ”
"Then we should vigorously develop low-cost labor-intensive industries and absorb surplus labor to the greatest extent. Because China itself is a super market, the most basic domestic demand of our country is the most solid foundation for China's industrial development. Industry is inseparable from the market. Ordinary people can also earn money through labor. Because of the state's support policies, the prices of our domestic products are generally very low, especially some basic household goods in high demand. In this way, a cycle is formed. In addition, our national bank has small loans for peasants, which has squeezed the living space of usury to the greatest extent. Such a great cycle slowly formed and operated, and a thriving country was born......" (To be continued. )