The reason why the feudal system is more advanced than the slave system is, in addition to the most fundamental reason, that the feudal system of production relations is based on the mature feudal agricultural social productive forces, and the main reason is that, unlike the backward decentralized power system of the democratic republic of tribal slave owners, the political system of the feudal system is relatively more perfect. 【Reading.com】

In the same case of the sudden death of the emperor, if it is in the case of a mature feudal system, according to the system of father and son, brother and brother, and father and son, either the crown prince who is already in power will directly succeed to the throne, or the ministers will choose a more suitable person to inherit the throne from the sons of the dead emperor.

Whether it is a strong harem force or a foreign courtier, because of a mature system, the replacement of the throne of the feudal dynasty will be relatively stable.

The same situation arose in slave societies that had not yet established feudalism, and the chaos and turmoil caused by various power struggles became inevitable.

Unfortunately, due to the lack of awareness of the powerful and huge combat effectiveness of the Baath Army that transcends time and space, Huang Taiji, who had been working hard to promote the full feudalization of the post-Jin Jurchen regime, died at the hands of the Baath Party.

If the Later Jin Jurchen regime had completed feudalization and established a stable feudal system, then Haoge, the eldest son of Huang Taiji, who was released back to Shenyang by the Fuxing Army, would have steadily inherited the dominance of the Later Jin Jurchen regime.

However, the upper echelons of the Later Jin Jurchens, who were still in the state of slave tribal system, no longer recognized Huang Taiji's father and son, who were the generals of the defeated army and buried tens of thousands of Jurchen troops and thousands of "Jurchen elite soldiers".

In this case, Dai Shan, who was once the official heir of the wild boar skin, and Dolgon, who was deeply loved by the wild boar skin and had outstanding achievements at a young age, respectively received the support of a part of the Later Jin Jurchen tribe, which objectively caused the split of the Later Jin Jurchen. Of course, Haoge, who is the eldest son of Huang Taiji, also has the support of a small number of Jurchen nobles.

Because of the parity, the fierce struggle for inheritance within the Later Jin Jurchen reached a stalemate after more than half a year. The three parties finally reached an agreement, and among the three parties, the one who led the troops to defeat the Fuxing Army entrenched in the southern Liaoning region and avenged Huang Taiji inherited the throne.

However, even more unfortunate is that whether it is Daishan, Dolgon or Hauge, the three of them have suffered shameful defeats in a total of six battles against the defense line of the First Army of the Revival Army in southern Liaoning. The only result was that the already very valuable "Jurchen elite soldiers" were further reduced. In the six wars, nearly 10,000 "Jurchen elite soldiers" and more than 30,000 Mongol and Han Chinese attached troops were lost.

By 1631, the problem before the Later Jin Jurchens was already very obvious.

The Houjin Jurchens, who were already on the verge of a state of division and had a serious food crisis in their ruling region, had three main enemies in front of them. One is that the current post-Jin Jurchen regime trembles from top to bottom, and its powerful combat effectiveness is not as strong as that of the human Renaissance Party in the southern Liaoning base area. One is the Liaodong warlord group of the Ming Dynasty who can currently maintain a state of parity with themselves. The last one is the Western Mongolian tribes that have not yet submitted to the Later Jin Jurchen.

Because of the lack of practice, he has not learned more methods from Huang Taiji, and because of the backward system of slave tribes, after Huang Taiji's death, because of the military blow of the revival army and the internal strife of the Later Jin Jurchen themselves and the serious blow of the increasingly serious economic crisis, the upper echelons of the Later Jin Jurchen regime decided to pinch the persimmon first towards the soft and plunder the tribes of Western Mongolia that had not yet surrendered.

With the help and leadership of the famous Mongol J group and the loyal Mongolian Korqin tribe of the Belt and Road Party, the two Later Jin armies, led by Dolgon and Daishan respectively, advanced by leaps and bounds on the Mongolian steppe. The large number of cattle, sheep and people plundered by the two armies replenished the strength of the Houjin Jurchen side, which was greatly damaged.

However, the blood replenishment speed of the Houjin Jurchen side is really not as fast as the speed of their blood loss.

By the end of 1631, with the support of the Ludong base area, which had initially built a complete set of rudimentary basic industrial systems, the Second Army Corps of Southern Liaoning, composed of Shandong recruits, set out from the Dongjiang base of the Fuxing Army (in addition to the original Dongjiang Army's sphere of influence, including several elite areas in northern Korea), and swept through the Dongliao region and northern Korea.

Under the condition that a large number of Shandong production and construction troops continued to follow the advance of the main force, more than a dozen large and medium-sized state-owned farms were established in the entire Western Liao region and the northern region of Korea. The Second Army Corps of Southern Liaoning directly broke through and occupied Lianshan Pass, and established a military base with relatively complete facilities in the local area, threatening the core ruling areas of the Later Jin Jurchen regime from the east, Anshan and Liaoyang.

The First Army Corps of Southern Liaoning, which cooperated with the Second Army Corps, did not sit idle.

Thanks to the efforts of more than 30,000 production and construction troops, and with the help of the Korean people, the Japanese people, the Mongolian people, and some of the Jurchen people who "love Chinese civilization and identify with Chinese culture," and some of the Jurchen people who have abandoned darkness and turned to the light, it took more than half a year for the Baath Party to invest a large amount of advanced steam engine equipment and various materials, and to lose more than 3,000 people of all nationalities who "sacrificed their lives." Finally, the construction of the main trunk line of the base area covering the entire southern Liaoning base area and the mud and gravel pavement covering the entire Liaodong Peninsula was basically completed.

In addition to the continuous construction of large farms and industrial centers, the First Army Corps of Southern Liaoning took the initiative to liberate more than 40,000 Han and Jurchen compatriots in Anshan and the surrounding areas of Liaoyang under the national and class oppression of the Later Jin Jurchen regime.

Thanks to the efforts of the six special operations battalions of the Liaoning South Military Region (military deterrence and political work) and with the help of the naturalized Jurchen compatriots who abandoned the darkness and turned to the light (leading the way), more than 20,000 ethnic minority compatriots who had been hiding in the mountains and forests because of the national oppression policy of the Later Jin Jurchen regime and who had been contemptuously called fish skin tartars and so on joined the big family of the Chinese nation.

Together with their Han compatriots, naturalized Jurchen compatriots, and naturalized Mongolian compatriots, they formed the New Army of Southern Liaoning, which dealt a brutal blow to the reactionary forces of the Later Jin Jurchens entrenched in the Anshan and Liaoyang regions.

Under these circumstances, when the triumphant Dolgon and Daishan troops returned to Shenyang in the second half of 1631, they were shocked to find that under the active activities of the Baxing Army, not only did the core ruling area of the Houjin female regime be seriously reduced, but also the Mongol population they brought back could not make up for the huge population losses caused by the active military actions of the Fuxing Army to the Later Jin Jurchen regime.

Dolgon is different from Dai Shan, although his brain is not as clever as Huang Taiji, but he has learned a thorough understanding of the credit of Han people. Faced with this critical situation, Dolgon, who was really worried about the future of Houjin Jurchen, immediately recruited the powerful Han J Fan Wencheng, Li Yongfang and Ning Wanme, who had been enveloped by him.

Dolgon knew that in addition to those who were experienced in warfare and could put forward certain knowledgeable views on military operations, as long as they discussed strategic issues involving a large area, only Han Chinese in the Later Jin Jurchen regime could be relied on. The merit of Dolgon is that he attaches great importance to and is good at relying on the intellectual support of the Han J.

Li Yongfang, an old man like Li Yongfang who surrendered a long time ago, has more experience than J. When he surrendered to the Later Jin, the military strength of the Ming Dynasty still had a great advantage over the Later Jin. Therefore, seeing that the Houjin Jurchen side suffered defeat and was defeated, Li Yongfang could still look at the problem with a relatively peaceful attitude.

And unlike Li Yongfang, whether it is Fan Wencheng, who has been a Han J for a while, or Ning Wanme, who has been a Han J for a long time, they all took refuge when the Later Jin Jurchen regime had achieved continuous war victories against the Ming Dynasty. As Han J, their speculative psychology is still relatively serious. Therefore, seeing the bad situation in the post-Jin Jurchen now, the two of them are very uneasy in their hearts.

After Huang Taiji's death, in addition to receiving the support of Shangsanqi and Huang Taiji's harem, Dolgon was also relatively fortunate to master the spy power of the Houjin Jurchen side left by Huang Taiji against the Ming Dynasty.

Therefore, at the beginning of 1632, after receiving the news of the rebellion in the capital of the Ming Dynasty and Gao Yingxiang's accession to the throne reported by the spies, Dolgon even had a strong idea of taking the opportunity to enter the customs and plunder.

Ning Wan, whose main job is to help Dolgon sort out espionage materials, has access to a lot of information, so his horizons are broader. Based on very vague and unclear information, Ning Wan believes that the Fuxing Army, which has occupied southern Liaoning, should be a powerful local force within the Ming Dynasty.

He believed that with such great power, the Baath Party would never allow the Dashun regime to exist composed of exiled refugees. On the Houjin Jurchen side, which was in a state of absolute despair in the face of the strong combat effectiveness of the Baath Army, it was best not to hope that the Baathists would honestly watch such a thing as their entry into the customs and looting. Once you break through to the pass and encounter the revival army in the field, you are likely to inflict irreparable losses on yourself.

Ning Wan's speculation was confirmed by the follow-up news. At the beginning of 1632, the Houjin secret agents hiding in the city of Beijing had already discovered that the army of 70,000 Fuxing Army was marching towards the Beijing area. After receiving this news, Dolgon, who was still thinking of fishing in troubled waters, broke out in a lot of cold sweat.

As a student of the Mongols, the Later Jin Jurchen, who had not yet completed the process of feudalization, did not have such a profound understanding of the territory at this time. Although after decades of development, only the older generation of Jurchens still maintain the idea of fishing and hunting, but the new Jurchens like Dolgon, who were born and raised in an era of relatively stable agricultural production, do not completely disagree with the primitive ideas of fishing and hunting.

It is true that the new Jurchens have begun to develop the idea that land is important and land is important, but compared with the loss of land, their obsession lies not in the land but in the population.

Regarding the northward retreat strategy proposed by Dai Shan at the Eight Banners Joint Conference because of the current situation faced by the post-Jin Jurchen regime, Dolgon was ideally resistant, but instinctively felt that this was also an option.

No one wants to face a mighty Renaissance Army. Whether it is Daishan or Dolgon, whether it is the tribal leader of the Later Jin Jurchens, or the most ordinary Jurchen people. The revival army's devilish fighting power has already created an indelible terrifying impression in the hearts of the Jurchens. Armed with modern rifles, machine guns, bazookas, and cannons, the Baath Army was irresistible. On this point, the understanding of the Houjin Jurchen is very clear.

Unlike Li Yongfang, who agreed with Daishan's plan to withdraw to the north, Fan Wencheng and Ning WanI did not agree with Daishan's plan from the perspective of political power construction and agricultural production.

Fan Wencheng, who has a certain knowledge base on climate, believes that once the Later Jin Jurchen regime retreats northward, the environment and climate in the areas north of Liaodong will be even more unfavorable to agricultural production. In this case, the Han slave labor force, which is currently a large number on the side of the Later Jin Jurchens, has become a waste that can no longer create value.

Ning Wan and I further believe that it is better to retreat north than to move west.

If Dolgon leads his forces westward to the Mongolian region and occupies the vast Mongolian steppe, with the support of the harem, Korqin and other hardcore allies will completely become Dolgon's forces. Dolgon, who annexed the Mongol powers, could expand his sphere of influence and increase his strength by managing the steppes.

And the biggest advantage of this is that it can completely break with the older generation of Jurchens such as Daishan and establish an independent regime controlled by Dorgon himself.

Although he was afraid of the fighting power of the Fuxing Army from the bottom of his heart, he was really unwilling to give up Shenyang, Fushun and other anointed places without firing a single arrow.

However, in the two frontal battles with the Baath Army, the tragic situation of Dolgon's troops is a bit inadequate, and it is closer to the level of total annihilation.

In this case, Dolgon's mood in the face of the revival army was that he did not dare to fight, and he was reluctant to run. Dolgon, who had just returned from a triumphant march through the grasslands, was broken by the cold water of a large bathtub on his head, not to mention how awkward it was.

However, Dorgon's awkwardness did not last long.

In order to cooperate with the progress of the Beijing campaign, the Liaoning South Military Region, under the orders of ********, launched further military operations in the Liaoyang and Anshan areas.

In just three days, these two cities, which were heavily garrisoned by the Later Jin Jurchens, were easily breached by the First Army of Southern Liaoning of the Revival Army.

In this battle, shouting Jurchen words, rushing up the city wall bravely, and achieving a large number of victories and sacrifices in siege battles and street battles, the new army of southern Liaonan, composed of soldiers of various naturalized ethnic minorities in eastern Liaodong, caused an incalculable psychological shadow to Daishan and Dolgon, who were cowering in the Shenyang area.

The upper echelons of the Houjin Jurchens, who had often used the means of national oppression to drive the Han people to attack the Han people and the Mongols to attack the Mongols, and took the initiative to provoke ethnic conflicts, were very unhappy in their hearts after receiving the news that tens of thousands of mature Jurchens and Mongols were fighting for the revival army.

The think tank around Dai Shan, the "great talent" in the Jurchens, and the young "Bakshi" (Baksh is also translated as Bangshi, Bangshi, Bangshi, is a Mongolian dialect, and later became a title for scholars in the Qing Dynasty. Hesheri Soni even uttered a meaningful phrase after receiving the news: "Thirty years in Hedong and thirty years in Hexi".

The action of the Liaoning South Military Region became the last straw that broke the camel's back. Dorgon, who had been hesitant, immediately took action.

He first contacted the Jurchen tribes who were loyal to him, and then divided into two ways. All the way as a rearguard force to protect the transfer of people and goods. A force raided the Liaodong warlord group stationed in the Daling River area to ensure that its westward movement was worry-free.

It's just that what Dorgon didn't expect was that his move caused a series of chain reactions.