In August, the summer heat still lingers, and this month is the busiest day of the year, when the farmers are busy recovering their crops from the fields to dry in the good weather of the autumn harvest, and the county officials and farmers are busy calculating the dingkou and taxes.

Almost every moment there is a summary of household registration from each county, and the imperial court is responsible for counting the number of people and calculating the burden of forced labor in each county, calculating the population is not only to determine taxes, but also to determine the approximate composition of each family, how many laborers and non-laborers in the family, how many elderly people and how many minor children, how old the children need to pay taxes and serve in forced labor, and so on.

The Han Empire is a complex and detailed record of guò to ensure that the conscription system is apportioned to everyone's head, fair and open and the same cruelty, the world says that there is no widowhood but unevenness, so the beginning of the Qin and Han legal decrees is to ensure that the average conscription is carried out, unless the military merit of the head of the household exceeds the standard of exemption, or pays a monthly sum of money to hire people to replace the service, which is called more endowment.

Hou Guo's taxes were sent to the Pingyang Hou Mansion on the outskirts of Chang'an as early as possible, thanks to the credit of counting the population in advance, and the statistics in July and August came up with the figures and then collected taxes and transported in one go, so that there was no need to report the population first like other counties and counties, and wait until the tax was completed and then reported and paid again, which was so inefficient that it was often delayed for more than a month.

According to the calendar, the autumn of each year is the end of the year, when the first day of October is the new year, so the leap month is usually concentrated in September every year, except that the year is not the same as October, it is generally the same as the lunar calendar, and the calendar is the epochal calendar implemented by the Qin Empire, from the design of the legislation to the implementation has been very perfect, and the Gao Emperor has not changed since entering the customs.

The total amount of food and clothing tax that Pingyang Hou can enjoy is quite considerable, a total of 22,252 households in the Hou State can get 4.45 million yuan in food and clothing rent tax, such a large amount of money seems really amazing, but if it is calculated according to the consistent standard of 1ooo money, the tax income of Liehou in a year is only 445o.

After staring at the copper coin for a long time, Cao Shi smiled bitterly: "The annual food and clothing tax is only 445 gold, I heard that the big merchants who sell salt and iron in the world have huge family assets and thousands of servants, and ordinary princes can't compare with it at all. ”

This money is really not a huge amount of money after a thousand years, and maybe ordinary rich families can get it a few days later, even if one gold is equal to 10,000 yuan according to today's standards, it is only 445 gold, and the Son of Heaven will reward 1,000 gold when he is happy, which is worthy of the financial and tax income of the Hou State for two years.

"The princes can't be counted like this, since the pre-Qin period, all countries have been short of copper and money, so the price of red gold is expensive, and the price of gold is cheap, and the princes do not only rely on food, clothing, rent and taxes to eat, the princes usually have their own caravans, open mountains and mines, and will take out the money to borrow money."

Pingyang Houjia has five open-pit stable coal mines, two large iron mines, a quality lead-zinc mine, lime mines and the like are basically not counted, these large mines to say that the daily gold is not an exaggeration, especially the coal in Hedong and Guanzhong area to replace charcoal as the main raw material for ironmaking, dig out and clean it without worrying about no buyers to buy, although the lack of the fastest money to make money copper and gold mines, but to say that the Pingyang Hou family is short of money, I am afraid that even Cao Shi himself does not believe.

In addition, it is a common phenomenon for princes to lend money to the people, as long as the princes do not have a habit of cleanliness in their hearts, they usually use this method to collect money, such as the Pingyang Hou family, such as the Pingyang Hou family, the top princes will also lend money directly through their own merchants, and the money will naturally be more.

The Son of Heaven has long acquiesced in the act of lending privately, and the people who lend money from the princes to the bureaucrats, to the merchants and the wealthy people with land are all lending, and the people who lend money do not need to think about it to know that the main body must be the common people, especially when the people are counted in August every year, the officials are forced to urge taxes urgently, and the common families do not necessarily have hundreds of copper coins in their hands to pay taxes, and the government does not recognize those inferior pod money.

If you don't pay taxes, you have to mortgage your land and sell your children and daughters, and the common people have to silently borrow usury to pay taxes, which will appear more frequently in disaster years, and the yeoman farmers will go bankrupt and be displaced in order to survive and sell themselves as slaves and maids, and it is precisely this group of creditors who buy them as slaves and maids.

"How much wealth does the Hou Mansion have?"

Fan it Guangxun said: "Forty-seven thousand eight hundred gold, eighty-one million money, tens of thousands of cloth, three thousand silk, and ten thousand stones of grain. ”

"Your family Wuyang Hou is like this?"

"Far less than the prince, there are only 3,500 gold and 7 million gold in the family, and my grandfather also had 30,000 gold when he was alive." Fan Itguang sighed, the Wuyang Hou family after the sweep to destroy Zhu Lu, the rest of the family's wealth was looted, and when his father Fan Shiren was a Hou, his assets were only stronger than the ordinary 2,000 Hou, far less than the scenery of Fan Xu as the general of Xiangguo during the period when Empress Lu was weighed.

Cao Shi nodded and lost his speech, most of their Cao family's honest duty comes from the rewards accumulated by Cao Shen and Cao Qi, Emperor Gao rewarded Cao Shen with a lot of gold back then, and Cao Qi also received a lot of rewards for being a close minister of Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty, and his father Cao Qi's generation can live a stable life just by relying on loans.

The Pingyang Hou family lent 81oo money, Fan Itguang only lent 7oo yuan, the total amount of these two loans was less than 9ooo million money, far less than some greedy princes who lent hundreds of millions of money at every turn, Liu Wu, the good brother of the Son of Heaven, Liang Xiaowang Liu Wu, when he died, the family cellared 4o million catties of gold, copper coins, silk and other family properties were immeasurable, and many of them were earned by lending.

Cao Shi sighed: "We should do as little as possible in the future, our Han people are suffering and tired, ploughing in the fields every day with their backs to the loess, and it is really not appropriate to use usury to exploit the people!" ”

"The prince is kind-hearted, but everyone in the world makes a living from usury, our Hou Mansion only charges 2 percent of the interest is already very benevolent, you must know that the other Hou Mansion and the princes and the princes of the Wang family have at least 5 percent interest, a slightly higher 8 percent, double the interest, Wu Chu Seven Kingdoms Rebellion Wuyan lent 1ooo gold to the liehou with 1o times the interest, and the chaos was pacified and even the principal and interest were recovered 11ooo gold, and immediately became one of the richest businessmen in Guan."

In the early Han Dynasty, lending was the most profitable business, because of the lack of effective supervision of the lending industry, more than 5 percent of usury abounded, from the princes and princes to the princes, relatives, bureaucrats, merchants, landlords and powerful all took lending as their business, although the goals of lending were different, but the layers of superposition were bound to increase the weight on ordinary farmers.

It's cold to say, but the system of the Han Empire is so harsh and unfair, and it is still the common people and the toiling masses who are exploited in a circle, while the princes and kings to the princes, relatives, bureaucrats, businessmen, and landlords are all dressed in fine clothes, food, singing and dancing, and the Son of Heaven is not enough to persuade the peasants and mulberries to lend and absorb the entire class group quickly.

The people of the Han family have been harsh for a long time, so that Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty sang praises and called Renjun without land rent, but he did not know that the thirty taxes on land rent one is just a very small part of the tax, the largest is the calculation of 12o yuan for those who have reached the age of fifteen, and the 63 yuan contribution fee to be paid by each adult, even if it is not under 15 years old, it doesn't matter, and minors between the ages of 7 and 14 pay 2o money oral endowment, the reason is to support the Son of Heaven, which seems absurd, but it is very reasonable in this era.

"The Wenshi went to the right internal history to report, and said that I want to buy the land by the Wei River, and you make an appointment to discuss the purchase of land with Zhang Wuhou's family."

Cao Shi still remembers that piece of land, the land of the Hou State has no direct relationship with him, and the cultivated land bought by his own family can be disposed of at will, and they have been careful not to take a step beyond the Lei Chi for several generations of the Hou Mansion of Pingyang, and until now, except for a small amount of land property in the Hou State, there has not been a large-scale land sale, and taking advantage of the opportunity to move into Guanzhong to legally occupy the land has become the most important thing.

In addition to calculating the fiscal and tax revenues, in the busy August, the Son of Heaven and the princes and ministers were busy preparing for the sacrifice, and the major events of the state, in the worship and Rong, the sacrifice is the biggest event of the year.

Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty stipulates that every August in the capital of Chang'an sacrifice to the Gaozu Temple to offer drunkenness, the princes and princes should offer gold according to the population of the feudal country, four taels of gold per thousand, and the remaining more than 500 mouths are also four taels and accepted by the Shaofu, one catty is equal to 16 taels, and the Marquis of Pingyang offers 23 catties of gold according to the rules.

The sacrificial ceremony is long and complicated, before the ceremony, you should be familiar with the clean fasting for three days to show respect, and worship Emperor Taizu Gao and Emperor Taizongwen, in the ceremony, the Son of Heaven will give gold to brew turbid wine for the wine vessel, and after drinking the wine, it is a worship before ending the ceremony.

The temple number is different from the name, Liu Bang's name is high, the temple number is Taizu, called Emperor Taizu Gao, this format is also the temple number and name format of the monarch of the ** country in the future, Liu Heng's name Wen, the temple number Taizong, called Emperor Taizong, the interesting thing is that Emperor Xiaohui did not enter the temple, there is only one name.

The princes came out of the temple one after another, and Cao Shi was about to retreat straight to the frame, but was blocked by several young princes.

"Pingyang Hou can let me wait for you for a long time! It just so happened that we fasted for three days and had no oil and water in our stomachs, so wouldn't it be nice to take this opportunity to set up a feast in the East Market! The Marquis of Yingyin pulled the belt onto the frame, and the long line of the marquis went straight to Dongshi.

ps: Oral tax is the earliest poll tax, requiring a strict household registration tax system, this system in the early Han Dynasty also undertook conscription, to ensure that each household has a Ding service, to discuss the rigor of the system is stronger than the Sui and Tang Dynasty government army, so the Han army's combat effectiveness is comparable to the Qin army, almost the crown of the past dynasties. Wumei cheekily asks for a collection, please support the book friends, thank you!

Tips: The new domain name "biquge.info" has been launched by Biquge, and the original domain name is about to be discontinued. Please tell each other, thank you!