ps: Thank you to the reader for the great "user 10644357", "Xiang Minger Jiang", "Southeast Wu Chu people" respectively rewarded Heaven 100 vertical and horizontal coins, thank you for the reader greatly "Qingming Valley Rain" to vote for a monthly ticket to Heaven, thank you, ^_^ today is the last day of the 5-day double change, rizi is so fast, but the National Day manuscript is all used up, woo woo_

Dong Shijin, a native of Dianjiang County, Sichuan Province, received his Stars and Stripes Republic in 1924 and received a Ph.D. in agricultural economics from Cornell University. In 1925, he returned to China and served as a professor and dean of the Agricultural College of Peking University and Sichuan University.

"Have you been doing a kidnapping case recently, and you've become a bit addicted to it? How many batches is this? Yadi asked in Wang Fan's mind.

"Is it the seventh batch? Or is it the eighth batch? Hehe, I also forgot, there is no way, just with two mouths, the number of people who can be persuaded is very limited! Wang Fan touched his hair and replied embarrassedly.

"In what way does this person have achievements that deserve to be tied up?" Yadi then asked.

"He is amazing, his name is Dong Shijin, although he is not famous in later generations. But in the history of the main plane, he wrote to Lao Mao in December 1949 to discourage land reform! Wang Fan said softly.

"Discourage land reform? Just kidding! It seems that this is one of the most important cornerstones of the Red Party's political power! Yadi was a little incredulous when she heard this.

"At the time, this remark and opinion was indeed a bit sensational and shocking." Wang Fan's reaction to Yadi felt very normal, explaining: "However, judging from the results of later generations, this person is really amazing, he accurately predicted two things, the first is that after the founding of the People's Republic of China, when the Red Party's political power is stable, zhèngfu will take back the land allocated to the peasants, start to establish a large number of collective farms, and collect a large amount of harvested grain, which will cause many problems; The second prophecy is that this will lead to the coming of the Great Famine. ”

"So godly?" Yadi was a little unconvinced.

"Really!" Wang Fan nodded.

"Speaking of which, I found that the Holodomor in the Soviet Union in the thirties of the 20th century was very similar to what happened to your country, have you thought about the reasons for this?"

"Well, I've thought about it. Before the founding of the Soviet Union, in the era of Tsarist Russia, Lao Maozi was an exporter of grain, but after the founding of the Soviet Union, there was less and less grain, and finally a large amount of grain needed to be imported, wasting a large amount of arable land for them. ”

"What about the root cause?"

"My understanding is that the main thing is that after the collectivization of the Soviet Union, the harvest is more or less the state, and the willingness of the peasants to plant with their hearts is very low, and every year they only complete the cultivation tasks assigned to them by the state, leaving other cultivated land to be barren. At the same time, when the harvest season came, the harvest was not harvested in time, causing a large amount of grain to rot in the ground, and finally zhèngfu had to send troops to carry out the harvest. ”

"Ah~~ Where is this? Who are you? (At this time, Dong Shijin on the bed woke up)

"Hello, you can call me Gulong, this is Yan'an, Shaanxi!" After Wang Fan saw the other party slowly sit up from the bed, he replied.

"Yan'an, Shaanxi? Why am I here? Dong Shijin's brain was still a little confused at this time, and asked.

"Ah, about this, you were kidnapped by me!" Wang Fan smiled widely, revealing a mouth full of white teeth.

"Why?" Observing the surrounding facilities, Dong Shijin, who felt that he was indeed held hostage by the other party to a strange place, did not show panic, but asked calmly.

"Because of this, Mr. Dong, you take a look first." Wang Fan didn't talk nonsense, and took out the hybrid rice materials researched by Professor Yuan Longping in the early days, as well as the materials studied by other experts, such as wheat, sorghum, and potatoes.

An hour later.

"I can't believe it, if these are true, there is hope for Yanhuang farmers!" Seeing the detailed data, clear steps, and reasonable theoretical predictions of various experimental schemes and results, Dong Shijin could not help but sigh, and said: "Where did this come from? Which expert did it? I want to see him, no matter what, I want to invite him to Yanhuang and ask him to teach us the relevant techniques! ”

"Unfortunately, this wish will never come true." Wang Fan, who had been observing Dong Shijin's face, replied.

"Why?"

"Because of an accidental fire, this expert and his assistant were all killed (please forgive Comrade ^_^ Xiao Wang), so the seeds that have been cultivated have been burned, and we have done our best to collect this information, so I hope that Mr. Dong can take the lead and establish a grain seed research institute, and re-cultivate these high-quality rice seeds and other grains that can solve the food ration problem of the people of Yanhuang as soon as possible." Wang Fan explained.

"That's right, but there is a lack of sufficient conditions and environment here." Dong Shijin was a little impulsive by Wang Fan's last sentence, but he was rigorous and soon found a series of problems and realities that he needed to face.

"Please come with me!" Wang Fan didn't talk nonsense, took Dong Shi in and out of the courtyard gate, got on a three-wheeled motorcycle, and after more than half an hour, he came to an agricultural research base not far from the university town, which was full of all kinds of experimental equipment and necessary equipment for future generations. Looking at the dazzling array of equipment and equipment, Dong Shijin was a little stunned.

"In the future, the equipment and personnel here will continue to be added and expanded, and eventually it will become an agricultural research base in Yanhuang." Wang Fan said while introducing the equipment.

"It's good, it's a pity..."Dong Shijin, who was very interested, saw half of it, and suddenly fell silent again.

"What's wrong? Mr. Dong? Wang Fan was a little puzzled.

"Although these are good, they cannot solve the fundamental problem of the poverty of Yanhuang farmers!" Dong Shijin replied.

"Oh? I don't know what questions Mr. Dong is referring to? After Wang Fan heard this, he was a little puzzled and asked.

"The problem in the Yanhuang countryside is not that land is unevenly distributed, but that there is too much population, too little land, and a large surplus of rural labor. It is absolutely impossible to fundamentally solve the rural problems by merely improving grain varieties without controlling births, developing industry and commerce, and absorbing surplus rural labor. I have learned about the policy of the Red Party, which divides the land equally among equal land rights, which is very good and beautiful on the surface, but it will tie labor tightly to the land and hinder the development of the country's industrialization. In addition, after the land was divided equally, the land became more and more detailed, and it was difficult to implement large-scale mechanization.

Farmers have no chance of getting rich on these small plots of land, which may indeed arouse farmers' enthusiasm in the short term, but in the long run, they lack the enthusiasm to plan the land in the long term, resulting in land degradation. In addition, after the land reform, the progressive taxation of a large number of landlords and rich peasants will disappear, which will bring disaster to the state tax revenue! Dong Shijin lifted his glasses and said slowly.

"That's all, anything else?" After Wang Fan heard this, he smiled slightly and asked patiently.

"What? Is there a solution to this dead knot? Dong Shijin saw that the other party was unimpressed, and said loudly.

"If I have a way to solve the problem of farmers' poverty, and it is indeed feasible, then Mr. Dong will agree to stay in Yan'an as a leader in agricultural scientific research and concentrate on the cultivation of high-quality grain varieties such as hybrid rice." Wang Fan asked calmly.

"Okay, it's a deal!" Hearing that the young man on the other side didn't care about the problems that had plagued him for many years, Dong Shijin was very dissatisfied in his heart, but he had a glimmer of hope, maybe there was indeed a broad road in the world that he had not thought of, and fundamentally solved the peasant and land problems that had plagued Yanhuang for thousands of years.

"Okay, I believe in Mr. Dong's character and do what he says." Wang Fan pondered for a moment, organized his language slightly, and then said: "The essence of the poverty and weakness of the Yanhuang peasants is actually that they have low incomes and few jobs to choose from, or that there is no other source of living funds except farming. Mr. Dong, do you know when the number of Yanhuang farmers suddenly increased? ”

"Suddenly? I really didn't think about it. In Dong Shijin's memory, it seems that there were so many farmers in the Yanhuang Continent when he was born.

"I once checked and found that the population of Yanhuang people, especially farmers, increased dramatically during the Yongzheng Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty!" Wang Fan said.

"Yongzheng Qianlong? Is it because of the rule of Kangqian? The conditions are anti-shè, Dong Shijin said this idiom.

"Yes and no, Mr. Dong should know that our Yanhuang is a fixed farming culture, and the farmer family is the cell of social organization. Around this core of civilization, the Yanhuang people's own values, beliefs, social organizations, institutional systems, religious beliefs, and behavioral ethics have been produced and formed.

Historically, China's population growth was determined by two factors, one is natural reproduction, and the other is the incentive of the Confucian system. Confucian values, you should have something to understand, such as "more sons and more blessings", "no filial piety has three, no queen is great", etc., such as repairing family trees, Xingtai Temple, and lifting ancestral halls are all regarded as major life events by Confucian culture.

At the same time, the social organization is familial, and everything is based on the family, such as the land tenure system, the patriarchal system, taxes, conscription, field production, civil fighting, etc., all of which cause the family to have a large population and a large natural force, and it is easy to obtain survival advantages. The growth of the family population can only be achieved through reproduction. ”

"I get that." Dong Shijin nodded.

"But in history, especially before Yongzheng became the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, the imperial court mostly took the head as the object of taxation, and one more person and one more tax, maybe it was a coincidence, maybe it was intentional, the feudal dynasty of Yanhuang, on the one hand, the infant mortality rate was high, and a couple usually gave birth to more than a dozen children in their life, and in the end they often only survived a few children. On the other hand, the imperial court objectively restricted the population growth with a poll tax, which in fact formed an invisible dynamic balance of the population. But..."

"But what?"

However, in the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, in order to increase the source of taxes, they changed the poll tax to apportionment into the mu, which was originally a good intention. However, no one expected that the invisible dynamic equilibrium would be broken, and the country's population would more than triple from 100 million to 300 million in just 100 years. Mr. Dong, I don't know if you have studied the history of Yanhuang cultivated land, I flipped through it slightly, and found that four acres of land per capita is the bottom line for the feudal dynasty to maintain its own existence, less than this it is difficult to deal with natural disasters, taxes, military service, **, so the population has doubled, and then the face is unable to double the arable land at the same time, these factors are the main reasons for the hardships of the peasants in the Republic of China. ”

"Well~~ I've been taught, but you didn't say the solution." Although Dong Shijin was very surprised by Wang Fan's unique point of view, how to solve this problem was what he was more concerned about.

"My methods are roughly the following, first, cultivate high-quality varieties on the data, with modern industrial fertilizers, increase the yield per mu to more than 1,000 catties (the average yield per mu in the Republic of China is 137 catties), so that everyone has food first. Second, after having food, we began to adjust our diet, because there was not enough meat, so now everyone can eat 5 or 6 steamed buns at a meal, and we have now recovered Outer Mongolia, where there are only a few hundred thousand people. In the future, after the recovery of the whole country, Outer Mongolia plus Inner Mongolia, as well as Qinghai and other places, can become a place to provide high-quality beef and mutton, plus large-scale breeding of pigs, ducks and chickens, etc., so that the people can have meat in their stomachs, so that a large amount of land can be saved, and high value-added cash crops can be planted.

At the same time, we will guide and encourage farmers to sign long-term contracts with enterprises to realize the one-stop planting, processing, production and sales, and increase the added value of agricultural products. During this period, zhèngfu gradually opened factories, and encouraged the national capitalist class to invest in the construction of factories, absorb and digest the surplus labor force in the countryside, and gradually realize the urbanization of the countryside. Of course, these are all rural areas that are easily accessible and close to the city. For remote villages in the ravines, my idea is to encourage the tourism industry. Wang Fan said one by one.

"Tourism?"

"Yes, when the people have money, the transportation is convenient, and the tickets are lowered. Naturally, I hope to go around and appreciate the strange and magnificent beauty of the Yanhuang Continent, in this way, those poor mountains and bad waters will turn into mountains of gold and silver. ”

"Well, objectively speaking, although these can't be said to be feasible, they are indeed a relatively feasible path." Dong Shijin nodded and commented.

"So, according to the agreement, Mr. Dong, you?"

"Since I promised before, then I'll stay!"