Chapter 494: Princes
The Mongol tribes, Chahar strength is second only to Horqin, which is closest to the Manchu Qing Dynasty, but it is also the most fierce one that has rebelled against the Houjin, after which the Qing Dynasty set up forty-nine banners in Mongolia, but the Chahar two wings and four banners are listed separately, and are directly led by the Qing army.
Once the suzerainty of the Mongol tribes, it was the most severely suppressed by the Manchus.
When Liu Jun appointed Hao Ge as the general of the expedition to the north, he led the Jurchen cavalry under his command to go north. When the news reached the mouth, Prince Ezhe of Chahar took the initiative to ask for surrender.
Ezhe was the son of Lin Dan Khan, who was the thirty-fifth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, also known as the Last Great Khan. But some people say that the last Great Khan was Ezhe, the son of Lin Dan Khan.
In the seventh year of Chongzhen, Lin Dan Khan fled to Qinghai and died of illness in Gansu. Ezhe became the khan of the Chahar tribe, but at that time, the Chahar tribe was no longer the strongest tribe in southern Mongolia, but only a remnant. And in less than a year, Huang Taiji sent Hauge and Dolgon and other expeditions to Chahar's remnants.
Ezhe and his mother had no choice but to surrender with the jade seal of the country.
After his surrender, Huang Taiji made Ezhe the prince of Chahar and married his second daughter, Gulun Princess Makata, to Ezhe.
However, later, Huang Taiji married Lin Dan Khan's Dafu Jin, and Ezhe's stepmother Zhong Muna was named a concubine for the side Fujin. Later, he moved the Chahar Department to the north of Xuanhua Datong, and stationed outside the Great Wall.
However, at this time, Chahar was no longer the lord of the tribes of Lin Dan Khan, and even most of the eight tribes under Chahar were separated, and the Chahar led by Ezhe was just the remnant of the army that went away to Qinghai back then. Even the Manchu Qing Dynasty was not at ease, and after moving this remnant to the outside of Xuanfu, they also divided them into two wings and four banners, which were listed outside the forty-nine banners, and the leaders of each banner were not allowed to be hereditary.
Ezhe had nothing but hatred for the Manchus.
When he heard that Liu Jun had defeated the Qing army, some were just happy.
After Mr. Siqi, the two tribes of Kharqin and Weng Niute, joined the Han Dynasty, Ezhe also started to think. When he heard that the Han Emperor had sent Haoge to lead his troops to the campaign, he had more fear in his heart.
It was in Qinghai that year. It was Hauge who led the expedition and forced them to surrender.
Today's Chahar has long since lost its momentum, and Ezhe, the prince, can only manage such an acre and three points of land. After learning from the pain, Ezhe seized the power and made a decision.
Since he was so aggrieved as a prince in the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and he couldn't deal with Haoge's upcoming conquest, he simply surrendered to Han. The Manchus not only had a grudge against him for killing his father, but also could not protect themselves.
Ezhe said to do it. He quietly mobilized his personal guards to wipe out the Qing army in the sweat tent in one fell swoop, and then put his Qing Dynasty princess wife and Huang Taiji's concubine, his stepmother Zhong Muna and his half-brother Abunai all under house arrest.
He personally wrote a letter of surrender to Liu Jun and sent an envoy to the customs to ask for surrender.
Hauge had just left Juyong Pass, and as a result, he saw a messenger sent by Ezhe to ask for surrender. Hauge hurriedly sent someone to escort him to the emperor. Liu Jun, who had just arrived in Tongzhou, couldn't help but be surprised when he saw Ezhe's envoy.
"I can't imagine that Ezhe can be regarded as knowing the situation and the current situation."
Liu Jun accepted Ezhe's invitation to surrender, but he still had to do what he had to do. He once again selected Feng Yuanbiao as an envoy. Go out of the mouth to proclaim the message.
Liu Jun named Ezhe as the founding marquis of Julu, Chahar is still divided into four flags on the left and right wings, and the four flag owners are all named the founding uncle.
The title of Dahan does not have much power, it is more of an honor. In particular, this kind of external knighthood is more of a means of tenderness.
While sending people to be knighted, Liu Jun ordered Haoge to continue the march.
Liu Jun ordered Feng Yuanbiao to announce Ezhe, after receiving the order. Immediately enter the capital with the Lord of the Four Banners and other tribal leaders. Liu Jun set the land of Chahar as Huade Mansion as the new place, and the land of the four banners below as the four counties. Let the officials select officials to station, and at the same time let the military department send soldiers and horses to station.
Hauge's headquarters instead went east. The goal was changed to the Keshiketeng Banner of the Zhaowuda League, the Left and Right Banners of Bahrain, and other places, and to open up the Chahar and Wengniut Banners.
After handling these things, Liu Jun entered Beijing in triumph.
Last time, Liu Jun quietly went out of the city and went to command the battle outside the gate. Now I returned to Beijing again, but I returned triumphantly.
When I left Beijing, I didn't have any ceremony, I left quietly, and when I came back, I was greeted by the whole city.
Hundreds of civil and military officials went out of Beijing twenty miles to the suburbs to welcome the emperor's triumph.
The victorious soldiers also changed into clean and tidy military uniforms, and the ranks were neat, with bright swords and guns. Everyone held their heads up and lined up in the most majestic posture to arrive in the capital.
Liu Jun held a simple but solemn review ceremony in the northern suburbs, and then entered the city. After entering the city, he first went to Taimiao to offer prisoners.
After these ceremonies were completed, Liu Jun entered the palace.
All the officials lined up to wait for the audience, wanting to discuss with the emperor about the rebellion in Luoyang. However, after the emperor entered the palace, he did not summon any ministers, not even the first assistant.
A day and a night passed, and it was not until the next morning that the emperor appeared in front of everyone again.
After the hundred officials knelt down and worshiped the mountain and shouted long live, the eunuchs sang and passed on.
"Xuanmeng is attached to the three Chahar, Karaqin, and Huniute, and the leaders of the banners will come to the palace to meet you!"
"Xuan"
One after another, a loud voice spread, and Ezhe and the others, who had been waiting outside, entered the hall in the official uniform of the Han Dynasty under the guidance of the officials of the Ministry of Rites.
Three departments and nine people.
The leader is Ezhe of Chahar, who has been named the founding marquis of Julu, and the remaining eight people are all banner owners of the three departments and eight banners, each of whom has the title of founding earl.
After the establishment of the new dynasty, the Ministry of Rites reformulated the rules and regulations, stipulating a detailed system of crown and dress etiquette, such as bright yellow for the clothing of the Son of Heaven. Purple is used for the third grade or above, crimson is used for the fifth grade or above and below the third grade, blue is used for the fifth to seventh grade, and green is used for the seventh to ninth grade.
The dragon is exclusively for the Son of Heaven, and the prince can use pythons, and the rest of the hundred officials and ministers are not available.
In the past, python-shaped robes such as bullfighting and flying fish in the Qing Dynasty were also forbidden to be worn by courtiers, and the courtiers switched to unicorns, white deer, etc.
At this time, Ezhe and the other nine people were all dressed in purple robes, wearing a beam crown on their heads, and wearing goldfish bags on their waists, and followed the officials of the Ministry of Rites to the palace step by step, not daring to look left and right.
As the first three Mongolian tribes to submit to the Han Dynasty, they still enjoyed a lot of preferential treatment, not to mention the knighthood, and they were also qualified to give purple robes and goldfish bags.
It's just that the nine people are all bareheaded, and there is a sense of disharmony when they wear beam crowns. In fact, Liu Jun never let the Mongols shave their heads, he only let the Qing army shave their heads, but he didn't want them to be bald, but they were not allowed to keep their heads. This news reached the Mongols. I don't know how it turned out that the emperor didn't allow the Hu people other than the Han people to keep their hair or wear their hair, and everyone simply shaved their heads.
When the Mongols were annexed to the Qing Dynasty, the Qing did not require the Mongols to shave their hair. The Mongols have a variety of hairstyles, most of which have the custom of shaving in the middle and keeping hair on the side, which is somewhat similar to the Manchu hairdressing. Only a few Mongols who were officials in the Manchu Qing Dynasty would change their hairstyle.
And now, without Liu Jun's order, these Mongolian nobles took the initiative to shave themselves.
"Ministers see my emperor, long live my emperor, long live long live."
Ezhe and others were tribal leaders. I know some Chinese, but my spoken language is different, but I still shout very sincerely and loudly.
"Flat!"
Prior to this, the Manchu Qing Dynasty actually only controlled the southern Mongolian region, which is commonly known as the twenty-four southern desert tribes.
However, after the Qing Dynasty seized the Central Plains. Through marriages and conquests, the Qing eventually brought the entire Mongol tribes under their rule.
The Qing people implemented the alliance flag system for Mongolia, that is, a tribe was divided into a number of flags that were not affiliated with each other, and then multiple flags were organized into a league. Set a time for the meeting. Generally, it is a three-year alliance.
This was a very effective strategy to prevent the Mongol tribes from uniting against the Qing dynasty and to divide the forces of the vassals. For example, the Horqin tribe, which was the first to ally with the Qing, was the strongest among the desert tribes. Therefore, the Manchus divided them into five banners in order to divide their forces. Later, Chahar was also added to the Six Banners. Karaqin has also increased from two to three flags.
Not to mention the many tribes that joined later, they were even more finely divided.
Historically, the Qing Dynasty once divided Mongolia into more than 200 large and small flags. In this way, its power is broken down and striking. For example, Khalkha Mongolia is divided into 86 banners, and Qinghai Mongolia is divided into many banners that are not subordinate to each other, and they are independent of each other and cannot form a unified political whole. Thus, the Manchu government effectively disintegrated the possible union of the Mongol tribes, decomposed the power of the Mongol tribes, and achieved the goal of domination.
Before the Manchu Qing Dynasty, the idea of khanate power in the Mongols was very heavy. Although the Yuan Dynasty was divided, the tribes still respected the Great Khan.
Lin Dan Khan, the last Great Khan of Southern Mongolia, was the Great Khan who held the jade seal of the country.
After the Qing defeated Lin Dan Khan, they made the captured son Ezhe a prince and placed above the 49 banners of Mongol Baylor in Monan. Offering him high maintained the idea of khanate power in the hearts of the Mongols, and also made the Mongol tribes return to the Qing court.
At the same time, after the Qing people unified the Mongolian tribes, they also canceled the original titles of the original tribes and khans, but uniformly awarded the seventh-rank titles such as prince to the leaders of these tribes and the members of the golden family according to the official ranks of the Manchus, and gave different titles according to different ranks.
On the one hand, the Qing people always maintained the principle of differentiation, and ensured that the leaders of the Mongolian tribes were kings for all generations, and enjoyed wealth and poverty.
This method is actually very clever. This separation, combined with marriages, trade, and the development of settlers, eventually made it impossible for the Mongols to resist the Qing at all.
Liu Jun was a pragmatist, and he felt that the Qing people's strategy for Mongolia was very effective, so he did not hesitate to use it.
While Liu Jun retained the alliance flag system, he also set up provinces and prefectures outside the customs to establish prefectures and counties, and dispatched court officials. Marriage with them, but also liberalization of trade and strengthening immigration.
Reserved areas are set up outside the customs, and there are not only prefectures and counties, but also alliance flags, and two sets of teams in one place.
But this is all the way to boil frogs in warm water, stabilize them first, seal rewards, marriages, reward trade, and so on. Then the government and the army will be stationed, and the immigration will be developed, and it will not be long before the Han people will surpass the Mongols, and the Mongols will no longer be able to make waves.
However, Liu Jun did not give the Mongols the title of king and duke, and the highest Ezhe was only named a marquis, and the rest were named uncles or sons.
Liu Jun also formulated that all the league flags should be a triennial alliance, and the flags in each league were divided into three classes, and one class would take turns to meet the alliance every year. Moreover, these male leaders of the various alliance flags also took turns to flow into the Beijing Dynasty to meet the emperor.
And one of the most important systems is to set boundaries for each flag.
It is forbidden to cross the border, and once it crosses the border, it is regarded as a rebellion, and the Han army can levy it. Liu Jun wants to draw the land for these Mongols as a prison, and at the same time let these Mongolian feudal chieftains inherit from generation to generation, and always be vassals of the empire instead of vassals, and when enough time comes, it will naturally become the territory under the direct control of the empire, and the land can be changed and returned.
In addition, the establishment of sinology in the banners of the alliance, the promotion of Chinese characters, and the strengthening of trade will be able to more firmly control the grassland, which has been the heart of the Central Plains in history.
"Ladies and gentlemen, I have set up Yanbei Province and Monan Province in Yanbei, and at the same time, we have established the Zhuo Suo Tu League in Yanbei Province and the Zhaowuda League in Mo Nan Province."
"Now, I will set up Suiyuan Province outside the Great Wall north of Datong and set up a ** Alliance. The new boundaries of the province will include the Qiantao of the Yellow River and the grasslands of Bashang to the east. **The alliance will also consist of the four banners of Chahar, the two banners of Tumut and the left and right banners of the four sub-tribes, a total of eight banners. ”
However, for the sake of unification, in the future, the league will be changed to a county, and the flag will be changed to a state. Each prefecture was served by the Mongolian nobles of each ministry to manage the day-to-day administration and justice of the tribe within the prefecture, and each county was appointed by the imperial court to serve as Han and Mongolian officials to lead the administration and justice of the Mongolian people in the prefectures under the county, and the prefectures and counties were under the supervision and jurisdiction of the governor and the general army. ”
Later, the Zhuo Suotu League, the Zhao Wuda League and the ** League became Zhuo Suotu County, Zhao Wuda County and ** County. The flags below have also been changed to states, such as Red Chahar Oblast, White Chahar Oblast, etc.
"Now that the Sizi Tribal Banner and the Tumut Banner have not yet been attached, I will send a western expeditionary army to conquer it, hoping that the four Chahar Prefectures can gather tribal warriors and send troops to assist."
Ezhe and the others immediately patted their chests and said that they would summon tribal warriors to be the king's precursor. Ezhe even said that he would dedicate his wife as a princess of the Qing Dynasty and his stepmother, who was once a concubine by Huangtai Jina, to Liu Jun.
According to Mongolian tradition, this is not a shameless thing. Back then, Huangtai Jina Zhong Muna was not greedy for his beauty, but just for political needs. He originally wanted his brothers to marry Lin Dan Khan's widow, but no one wanted to marry, and in the end Huang Taiji had to marry himself.
Ezhe's wife, Princess Makata, was only twelve years old when she married him, and she is only sixteen this year. The Empress Dowager was only in her twenties, and if it weren't for the Qing expedition that year, Ezhe was forced to surrender, and according to Mongol tradition, he would probably have married his stepmother later.
Ezhe presented his wife and stepmother to Liu Jun, while the other eight banner owners all presented their youngest and most beautiful daughters to Liu Jun.
Liu Jun was mentally prepared for this, did not hesitate, waved his hand, and collected all ten.
Anyway, this kind of marriage is more of a political necessity and a symbol. However, then Ezhe proposed marriage to Liu Jun, but Liu Jun hesitated. (To be continued.) )