It can be said that it was this Grand Canal project that made the Great Sui lose money and laid a solid foundation for the rise of the Tang Empire in the world. It is a common thing in the world for the predecessors to plant trees and for the descendants to enjoy the shade.

It is a pity that the "descendant" of the Tang Dynasty shamelessly took the credit, turned a blind eye to the dedication and foreshadowing of the "predecessor" of the Great Sui, and blindly tried his best to exaggerate his cruelty of not caring for the people, and the ruthlessness of working the people and losing money, and his intentions were really contemptible to the extreme.

Although Yang Guang, the Yang Emperor of the Sui Dynasty, made a lot of important contributions to the country and the people in his life, and once showed the atmosphere of a generation of heroes and emperors through the ages, but due to the shackles of the gate valve system and the defects of his own character, in the late stage of governance, he actually embarked on the road of stupidity and slackness, which disappointed countless subjects who had admired and admired him.

Although the final collapse of the Great Sui was the result of the comprehensive action of countless people, and Emperor Yang could not be blamed alone, as the highest decision-maker of the empire, Yang Guang was obviously to blame for the death of the Great Sui and the displacement of the people in the war, and the corpses were everywhere, and there was no doubt that he should bear the corresponding leadership responsibility.

11. Poor and extravagant Yang Guangwei likes to put on music, has a good face, loves to engage in pomp, and is an emperor who is extravagant and wasteful, advocating flashiness and profligacy.

The Great Sui Dynasty invaded Goguryeo three times in a row without success, and had lost all his prestige, but at this moment he did not know how to treat the people well, but instead listened to the words of some scholars and built a palace to show peace.

The Guanwen Palace, which is extremely magnificent, has just been completed, and the Yiluan Hall has been built, and the Southern Palace has been built with the decree, totaling sixteen, which is extremely luxurious.

When the Xianren Palace was built, Yang Guang sent people to vigorously collect strange materials and stones south of the river and north of Wuling, and ordered all parts of the country to contribute plants, trees, flowers and fruits, strange birds and beasts. The dragon boat that was set on fire by Yang Xuangan was rebuilt, and it was even more magnificent than the original.

It also built the West Garden in the western suburbs of the eastern capital, with a radius of 200 miles, and the cost was extremely huge. Of course, among the monarchs of the past dynasties, there are many people who build palaces like Yang Guang, but Yang Guang is not the only one.

Yang Guang was extravagant, but he was only in the middle of the hierarchy among emperors, and it would be unjust to accuse him of extravagance while turning a blind eye to other kings who were even more extravagant and wasteful.

Tang Taizong, known as the Emperor of the Ancient Dynasty, is by no means the king of frugality, he overhauled the palace, the palace is mostly decorated with gold and jade, the cost is quite large, and the number and scale of private palaces are several times that of Emperor Yang of Sui.

However, Li Shi** is very angry, the new empire he grabbed is full of vitality, and the world is peaceful when the palace is built, so there is no worry about forcing the people to rebel. And Yang Guang still did not change his extravagance after the world was in chaos, so he inevitably lost the wisdom of judging the situation and sizing up the situation.

Moreover, Li Shimin tried to create an image of accepting and cherishing the people, so under the advice of the officials, he often restrained his behavior of working hard and hurting money, so on the whole, the extravagance of his life was slightly inferior to that of Emperor Yang of Sui.

Twelve, Yang Guang, who is not sympathetic to the common people, is greedy for vanity, and whenever people from other countries come to worship, he will have a strong sense of satisfaction, so after personally expeditioning to open up the Silk Road, he urgently invited the Saiwai Zhuhu to visit the Central Plains.

In order to serve as a façade in front of the surrounding countries and tribes and show off the wealth of the Great Sui, he also ordered the counties and counties where the merchants of the Western Regions passed through to be hospitalized.

In the first month of 610 AD, Yang Guang made a grand show in Luoyang to welcome the merchants of the Western Regions who came to pay tribute, and the lavish celebration lasted for a month and cost countless dollars.

In order to show off his wealth to foreigners, Yang Guang ordered all the shops in Luoyang to be decorated with curtains and wrapped colorful silk around trees. ”

The trade between the Great Sui and the merchants of the Western Regions was supposed to be mutually beneficial for both sides, but what Emperor Yang of the Sui did was a loss-making transaction, allowing the merchants of the Western Regions to eat and stay for free, and giving a lot of rewards when they left.

In fact, this is the typical tributary trade in ancient China, where small countries came to worship and received a large number of gold beads and urgently needed materials from China, while the emperors of the Central Plains received the glory of all nations. Yang Guang's tributary trade cost the country a huge amount of money, and the burden on the people also increased.

After the opening of the Silk Road, it should have brought great benefits to the people, but in the short term, it brought a burden to the people. Although the Great Sui Dynasty, which was handed over to Emperor Yang of Sui by Emperor Wen of Sui, was known as wealthy, it was only rich in national reserves, and unlike the Wenjing period, which was rich to the people, it was not solid.

Even before the three expeditions to Goguryeo, the gap between the rich and the poor of the people of the Sui Dynasty was very large, and the life of the people at the bottom was very hard, lacking food and clothing, so Yang Guang's practice of showing off his martial arts in the name of trade and being generous to the people made people feel uncomfortable, which is the same nature as the selfish behavior of snatching food from the poor people for the sake of the false name of the leader of the third world, providing large sums of money to poor countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America for many years, and even in the three years when the people starved to death.

sacrificing the interests of his own people to win a few words of praise from outsiders fully exposed Yang Guang's characteristic of not knowing how to cherish the people. He was a highly enterprising and promising monarch, but he was by no means an emperor who was sympathetic to the suffering of the people, which was the greatest mistake of his life and one of the important sources of the chaos at the end of the Sui Dynasty.

It is precisely because Yang Guangsheng has the character of acting willfully and not caring for the people that he will toss as much as he wants, regardless of whether the people can bear it or not, and the other important ministers of the temple are high and will not care about the life and death of the people at the bottom, so the Sui court levied and gathered excessively, and finally forced countless honest people.

In the course of the three conquests of Liao, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty successively requisitioned more than 3 million people, many of whom died of exhaustion and illness on the side of the road, and there was a shortage of men in a large number of places across the country, and they had to rely on women and the elderly to engage in production.

After the defeat of the first conquest of Goguryeo, he launched the second and third conquests of Liao before the national strength was restored, forcing hundreds of people to rebel, and an emperor who could spare the lives of his people would not be as impatient as Yang Guang.

Li Shimin's conquest of Liaodong was the same as two unsuccessful returns, and Li Zhi could not destroy Goguryeo for a while after he ascended the throne, but Li Shimin and Li Zhi were stronger than Yang Guang in that they could endure and wait, and if they could not take the hard attack, they would attack and harass for a long time, and if the country was not appeased, they would immediately withdraw troops in Liaodong to relieve the pressure of the people, so they could continue the war against Liaodong for 23 years, and finally destroy Goguryeo, but they would not be dragged down by large-scale conscription like the Sui Dynasty.

13. Yang Guang was heroic, talented, and shrewd when he was a young man, and he was a person with a positive attitude towards life and a very strong enterprising spirit. At the age of fourteen, he had already served as the commander of the army, leading the army to the north to conquer the Turks, so that the Saiwai Zhuhu did not dare to go south to graze horses for nearly ten years.

At the age of nineteen, he led hundreds of thousands of troops to sweep away the Southern Chen Kingdoms and laid down a large territory for the Great Sui. At that time, Yang Guang was radiant, so that most of the talents in the world, whether they were children of the family or talents from poor families, were admired so much that they could replace his brother Yang Yong and take over the Great Sui River from Yang Jian.

Yang Guang has high ambitions, embraces the world, and desperately wants to become a generation of saints in his subjective wishes. He has always admired Emperor Qin and Han Wu, and hopes that he can become such an emperor and make a vigorous and great deed.

In Yang Guang's view, if you don't do a few earth-shattering things and leave a reputation for eternity, you will be an emperor in vain.

It is precisely because of this lofty ambition that Yang Guang has always stubbornly practiced his own ideas, worked tirelessly to conquer the east and west, and often made feats that will be left to future generations.

After ascending the throne, Yang Guang once made a difference, opened the Wenguan, and honored Confucianism, so that Chang'an and Luoyang were exhausted, and the literary atmosphere was revived. and eclectic selection of good generals, so that people from humble backgrounds such as Luo Yi and Mai Tiezhu can also be ranked with the children of the family, and the handsome men under their command are gathered for a while.

Then Yang Guang strategized, sent soldiers to defeat the Turks and Tuyuhun, expanded the territory, and personally conquered the Silk Road, so he was respected as the "Heavenly Khan" by the surrounding countries.

It can be said that Yang Guang was wise and martial in the first half of his life, and he was a rare generation of heroes in history. However, since Yang Guang succeeded to the throne, he has raised troops to crusade against the country of non-subsalient countries almost every year for more than ten years, conquering the Turks, attacking the Khitan, conquering Gaochang, and attacking Goguryeo...... Although a series of wars successfully expanded the territory and subdued the four people, they also squandered the national strength to the limit and brought a heavy burden to the people.

Under the heavy burden of military service, he built the Grand Canal at the same time, further increasing the burden on the people.

And the real fatal is the three conquests of Liao on these basis, each time forcibly requisitioning millions of people, dragging the Great Sui into the quagmire of protracted war, the people complained, the people could not bear the suffering of military service, in order to escape the heavy conscription and rebelled one after another, for a time bandits swarmed, the world was in chaos.

Emperor Yang of Sui's mistake was that he was too ambitious, too eager to establish a great cause, to prove himself, so he tried to make many achievements in just a dozen years, and these big projects should have been slowly realized by several generations to be safe, and the people could bear it.

The combination of Yang Guang's eagerness and his inconsiderate character of the people resulted in excessive conquest, excessive haste and excessive servitude, which was also one of the important reasons why the chaos at the end of the Sui Dynasty appeared so early and broke out so turbulently.

Yang Guang had a smooth ride in the first half of his life, and was respected by the people of the world, and when he was full of ambition, he conquered Goguryeo, intending to add icing on the cake, thinking that he could win as lightly as he could destroy the withering and decaying, but because of his overconfidence, he underestimated the enemy and returned with a fiasco, which inevitably made Yang Guang feel greatly disappointed in martial arts. Eager to wash away his shame, regain the prestige of the Great Sui, subdue the surrounding tribes, and rebuild his reputation, he hurriedly launched two more large-scale attacks on Goguryeo, but each time they failed to return

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