Chapter 8 [Emperor Yang of Sui, a generation of heroes]
Let's talk about the story of the famous Emperor Yang of Sui first, the emperor has a wise and martial arts and a faint monarch who kills heroes indiscriminately, Yang Guang is not an exception, after he inherited his father's throne, he also thought about making contributions and leaving a career in the annals of history, but with his greed and **, he finally became the king of the imprisoned country.
Yang Guang, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, was one of the most discredited emperors in Chinese history, and has always been regarded as a tyrant on a par with Yin Xuan and Xia Wei; Moreover, he lost the country in two lifetimes, and he couldn't even defend Chengdu, and he was regarded as a mediocre talent like Hu Hai of Qin II and Liu Chan, the queen of Shu. Because the Li Tang Dynasty deliberately scandalized the emperor of the previous dynasty, ignored the complexity of governing the country, and simply put all the responsibility for the death of the country on Yang Guang's head, and let the emperor bear all the historical responsibilities alone, so that most people today mistakenly believe that it is precisely because of Yang Guang's mediocrity, violence and rigidity that the people of the world will be cornered, but they ignore the real root cause of the poor livelihood of the people and the fall of the Great Sui---- which is the driving force for the essence of changing the dynasty. In fact, this misunderstanding is exactly what the Tang Dynasty rulers expected to see, and it was also their motive for deliberately misleading the people. Let's not talk about the disadvantages of this gate valve that brought disaster to the country and the people in the early Tang Dynasty, but it became even worse, and it was impossible to explain it to the people when it was said. Just from the perspective of scandalizing the previous dynasty and strengthening the rationality of replacing itself, it is also necessary to put all the responsibility for the chaos at the end of the Sui Dynasty on Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty and several ministers. After all, only in this way can we prove that his act of betraying the lord and usurping the country is not only not shameful, but is a righteous act that obeys the order of heaven and relieves the people from hanging upside down. In fact, Yang Guang is very talented, shrewd, and quite an enterprising emperor, and he is a person who has made outstanding contributions among the monarchs of previous dynasties. Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty was able to write and martial arts, led the army on the horse, and wrote poems on the horse, and was also an emperor with a very high comprehensive element. For governing the country, Yang Guang once had quite magnificent ambitions, and his courage was no less than that of the heroes of previous dynasties, and many of his ambitions have achieved brilliant results. In the digging of the Grand Canal, the creation of the imperial examination system, and the opening of the Silk Road, all of them contain extraordinary innovation and courage, and all have great historical value and people's livelihood value, which also fully proves that Yang Guang is a promising monarch, not a hedonist like Song Huizong as many people think. Counting the emperors of China with his fingers, from the Qin Emperor and Han Wu to the Tang Dynasty and Song Zu, and even the Manchu emperors such as Kangxi and Yongzheng, in terms of historical merits, in addition to Ying Zheng...... There is no one who can compare with the "tyrannical and mediocre" Emperor Yang of Sui. However, after all, history is written by the victors, and Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty died and the country was destroyed, so his exploits and advantages were arbitrarily erased in the Tang Dynasty, and then after thousands of years, they were covered by the fog of history, and now few people know about it. What remains in the hearts of most people today is nothing more than a filthy image of being deaf, incompetent, lewd and tyrannical. The hearts of the people are dark and unjust, and this is it! I was unhappy in my heart, and I wanted to return history to its original face, so I wrote this article. Second, the six great merits of Emperor Yang of Sui is a brilliant and strategic, retribution of the vast emperor, after ascending the throne to build the canal, restore the Great Wall, establish the imperial examination, strong centralization, to the strong, in addition to the troubles...... Throughout his life, he has implemented countless good governance for the country and the people, and has made six important achievements for the country and the people of the Central Plains. In terms of the great contribution, there are few emperors who can compare with each other. Throughout Chinese history, only the First Emperor, who had an equally bad reputation, could be compared. After succeeding to the throne, Yang Guang inspected the border fortress, opened up the territory, and opened up the Silk Road in the Western Regions; The Grand Canal was opened, and the Eastern Capital was built in 605, and the prosperity of Luoyang was inseparable from him for a while; Yang Guang made important contributions to the economy, culture, and people's livelihood in the early Sui Dynasty, and implemented many good policies that were conducive to cultural dissemination and economic development during his lifetime. In terms of military affairs, Yang Guang had participated in the wars against the Turks and Khitans before he ascended the throne, and he had great successes. In the fifth year of the Great Cause, he personally conquered and pacified Tuguhun, set up four counties of Xihai, Heyuan, Shanshan, and Momo, and expanded the territory by 50,000 li. He also conquered South Vietnam and Liuqiu (now Taiwan) successively, and made a forced landing. According to the "Book of Sui-Emperor Yang Ji", it is recorded: "Emperor Yang was at a weak age, and he had already heard of it, Wu Hui in the south, Xiongnu in the north, and Kundi among the Kundi. After ascending the throne, it created a glorious situation of "three generations of land and breadth, vibrating all directions, single in Dunfeng, and Yue Shang Chongze", which fully affirmed Emperor Yang of Sui's cultural and martial arts. In a series of actions to expand the territory, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty took the lead in establishing the territory of "more than the Qin and Han dynasties" and the Tang and Song dynasties, 9,300 li from east to west, 14,815 li from north to south, 8.9 million households controlled by the imperial court, and 46.03 million people in the country. The six historical exploits of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty are described as follows: 1. Pacified Nanchen and unified the world, ending nearly 400 years of war and chaos since the Three Kingdoms, and recasting Kyushu, which had been divided for nearly 200 years, into one. It also allowed the people of the Central Plains to break away from the war and chaos era that lasted for three or four hundred years. It was not until Li Yuan rebelled against the Sui and established the Tang Dynasty, and a few generations later, the rulers of the Tang Dynasty made policy mistakes, leading China to fall into the tragic situation of feudal towns and towns from the middle of the Tang Dynasty, and the tragic situation of war and disaster, after the collapse of the Tang Empire, the people of the Central Plains experienced the tragic experience of five dynasties and ten kingdoms, and the people lived in poverty for nearly two hundred years, and it was not until the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty that the situation of reunification was restored. 2. It was the first to dig the world's longest north-south Grand Canal. 3. Expanded the territory by 50,000 li, and established a vast territory that was "too much for the Qin and Han dynasties" and the Tang and Song dynasties. 4. He was the first to advocate the advancement of scholars, and created the imperial examination system that has influenced China's later generations for more than 1,000 years, creating a clear way for the selection of talents in ancient China. 5. It promulgated the policy of opening up to the outside world, warmly received foreign missions, and actively sent envoys to foreign countries, which greatly promoted national integration and exchanges between Chinese civilization and the outside world. 6. Conquer the east and the west, and make the four Yi surrender. During the reign of Yang Guang, the people of the Central Plains for more than 1,500 years began to have a sense of "*** kingdom", and then became the pride of every Chinese, and further evolved into the national pride that is now stable and strong. 3. Outstanding Literary TalentEmperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty was quite talented in literature, a talented man with profound literary skills, and one of the best poets in the Sui and Tang dynasties. When it comes to literary talent, few emperors of previous dynasties can match it. In the ten years of guarding Yangzhou, Yang Guang was regarded as the leader of the Jiangnan literary circle, and the Jiangnan literati Pan Wei and the Buddhist leader Master Zhi were both praised: "King Yunwen Yunwu of Jin, versatile, and through the past and the present." The Book of Sui also recorded that Yang Guang was "studious and good at writing." Yang Guang's poems and literary talents were well-known all over the world before he ascended the throne, and the "Drinking Horse Great Wall Cave Tour" and "White Horse Chapter" he made during his western tour have become famous chapters through the ages and are widely recited by later generations. Later generations of literati spoke highly of his poems: "Mixing the north and the south, the talent of the emperor, the real high group." "Tongshou is powerful, and it has the style of Wei Wu." "Sui Yang was stunned, and his bones were solid. Sui Yang came out of Huadesu, such as the red bushes, and cleared the standard. "Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty washed away the decadent wind, and the force was specimens. The ancient road has been restored here. "Sui Yang's poems and essays are far away from Pan and Lu, and they wash away the floating words. However, the record and study of words are still close to the body of the south. Because Yang Guang has many years of military career, has personally experienced the Saishang, expedition to Liaodong, life experience is very rich, so his poems have a practical basis, is the natural expression of true feelings, his work "Spring River Flower Moon Night" ("The twilight river does not move. The morning moon breeze reminds you: After reading this chapter, you collect the site of Bokan Novel Network, this site is updated the fastest, and it is very convenient to continue reading. Spring flowers are in full bloom. The waves will go away from the moon, and the tide will bring the stars. The words are elegant, and they show a high level of literary brilliance. According to the record of "Poetry and Internal Edition", Hu Yinglin of the Ming Dynasty believed that this poem was "absolutely Tang law", which shows that this poem of Emperor Yang can be called the top level even in the Tang Dynasty, when poetry was at its peak. In "The Source of Ancient Poetry", it is said that its words "can be used as elegant and upright language, and it is better than Chen Houzhu." "I think that Yang Guang's poetry level is higher than that of Chen Houzhu, who is well-known in the world. The poems of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty occupy an important position in the history of Chinese literature and poetry, and have a great influence on the development of modern poetry in the early Tang Dynasty. Fourth, Yang Guang respects scholars very much, and his name of honorable scholars is known all over the world. When he was the governor of Yangzhou, he raised more than 100 bachelors in the Zhengfu, and the queen of the Jin Dynasty summoned more than 100 old officials and talented people of the Chen Dynasty, "to treat them as teachers and friends" ("Northern History-Liu Qing Biography"), after ascending the throne, he did not forget to communicate with Confucian celebrities every year, and gave several famous Confucian rice grain and silk every year. Emperor Yang loved literature and art, and once ordered his subordinates to transcribe copies of the book of the Forbidden Secret Pavilion, which were stored in the east and west compartments of the Luoyang Guanwen Hall in three grades, and built two more platforms behind the palace, gathered the famous calligraphy paintings since the Wei Dynasty, and made great contributions to the preservation and inheritance of Chinese classical culture. He once gathered books in Jiangnan, greatly improved the status of literati and literature, and built an unprecedentedly exquisite library dedicated to the collection of ancient books, with a collection of 370,000 volumes, the largest in any Chinese history. "Book of Sui - Classics" has a cloud: "Emperor Yang ascended the throne, the book of the secret pavilion, limited to fifty copies, divided into three ......" Miss Huang Guole also created a painting "Emperor Yang of Sui supervised the construction of the Guanwen Palace" to commend Emperor Yang of Sui for his important contribution to the inheritance of ancient Chinese books. 5. In 606 A.D., the second year of Yang Guang's accession to the throne, the Jinshi Department was formally established, and the imperial examination system, which had been running in China for more than 1,000 years, was officially born. The imperial examination system was used until the end of the Qing Dynasty, which had a far-reaching impact on later generations, and was an epoch-making event in Chinese history, and it was also a great progress in the feudal system of electing officials, which made important contributions to China's talent cultivation policy and social stability, and had a far-reaching impact on later generations of China. Although from the current point of view, the imperial examination system is quite similar to today's college entrance examination system, with many drawbacks, but more than a thousand years ago, it was definitely a fairly advanced concept of material selection. After the Sui Dynasty, many foreigners who came to China were amazed after seeing China's imperial examination system. ,…,
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