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Chapter 11: The Pendulum Cycle

Mao Geng currently only thinks of the hammer wall clock, this year I don't know if there is a spring, the bar should not be, the energy storage device is good with a suspended hammer, and the escapement mechanism uses the simplest single-pendulum escapement. In fact, the clock that appeared in 135o was the heavy-hammer pendulum clock.

Among them, the single-pendulum escapement is the core mechanism of this kind of clock, but if you understand the principle, you can make a practical escapement through guò drawing design, diagram simulation, and guò trial and error.

The single pendulum principle is the most basic physical principle that every high school student has learned in later generations. Mao Geng's previous life in the eighties still often saw pendulum clocks or wall clocks, anyway, when I was in middle school, when I talked about the pendulum teacher, I took the pendulum clock as an example, and the teacher said on the stage: The single pendulum will always be swinging back and forth in a vacuum, and the time of each swing is absolutely equal.

Of course, a single pendulum that can be placed forever without external force is only an ideal, because reality is neither a vacuum nor zero friction. At this point, the physics teacher clearly revealed that there is a big gap between the ideal and the reality, but as a student, Mao Geng in his previous life did not realize the harshness of reality. It wasn't until the ideal hit the wall again and again in reality that Mao Geng felt that life was really like a single pendulum, and it was such a meaning to put it over and over - the difference is only that some people put it high and some people put it low. However, in reality, you have to constantly overcome the ubiquitous resistance of life in order to continue to swing.

All right! The principle of a pendulum clock is as simple as that! The so-called pendulum escapement is the most important two components, one is the escape wheel with a circle of equidistant tines arranged on the rim, and the other is the escapement hook with left and right hooks. To put it simply, the energy storage device - the most primitive is a hammer that continuously declines and releases potential energy - transmits the driving force to the escape wheel, and after the escape wheel obtains the driving force, it will rotate as soon as possible, but the escape hook driven by the pendulum sets a limit on the rotation of the escape wheel, that is, every time the pendulum swings, the hook teeth on the right side release a grid of escape wheel tines, so that the wheel rotates a grid - this is called longitudinal - it can be understood as the meaning of stepping on the accelerator, after turning a grid, The left hook then jams the other tine of the escape wheel, causing the escape wheel to stop - this is called a grappling - which can be understood as the meaning of applying the brakes. Until the pendulum swings again, and then repeats the vertical and one capture, and so on.

In any case, under the hook swing one vertical and one capture, the escape wheel can never rotate continuously, but can only rotate intermittently, and the swing of the pendulum rotates one block for each pendulum. Theoretically, the time of each round trip of the pendulum is the same, so theoretically the interval time of each rotation is also equal, so it has a timekeeping function.

Those who have driven an automatic wave car can imagine that as long as you hang on the automatic gear, the car will be idle without the gas pedal, and the car will move forward without stepping on the brakes. Then you intermittently let go of the brakes, and then you step on the brakes, so that you can experience the feeling of a vertical and a tackle, and you will be able to understand what the escapement mechanism of a mechanical clock is all about.

Single-pendulum clocks use the principle of equal oscillating time for each swing to achieve equal time consumption for each escapement, while evolved mechanical clocks use a hairspring escapement, which can be greatly reduced.

Another design of the pendulum escapement is that the escape wheel also transmits the driving force to the pendulum through the guò escape wheel tines, so that the pendulum can always maintain its swing and the cycle can continue.

As long as this escapement mechanism is made, the others are some auxiliary mechanisms, what gear ratchet and the like, it is no longer much difficult, for Mao Geng, those are just a little more workload.

In the past two days, Mao Geng began to draw pictures based on scattered memories. In fact, only the principle is remembered correctly, and the construction of the practical pendulum escapement cannot be restored by memory, only according to the principle can be redesigned. Of course, the design is not easy, and it is not possible to simulate the motion trajectory on the diagram, as well as the interaction force analysis of the hook teeth and tines, so as to design a structure that can meet the requirements of the pendulum escapement in terms of motion trajectory and interaction force.

Relatively speaking, Su Song's water transport instrument is much easier to achieve in terms of design, and the water transport instrument is claimed to be the first equipment in history to use an escapement to keep time, and legend has it that the time interval between a water transport instrument and a vertical water transport instrument is determined by filling a bucket with a fixed volume. As long as the water source of the water tank is filled with water and its water surface height does not change, the time of filling the bucket is a constant value, after filling a bucket of water, drive the timing mechanism of the water transport instrument to do an intermittent movement - this is "longitudinal", and then there is a corresponding braking mechanism to stop it in time - this is the "capture", the full bucket is immediately emptied, and a escapement cycle is completed in this way. Wait for the next bucket to fill up again, and the next escapement cycle begins, and so on to achieve the chronograph function.

This is in the Song Dynasty, Su Song's wisdom can be said to be unique, and he designed and manufactured the water transport instrument elephant platform that went down in history, which is enough for future generations to look up to.

Su Song is a Jinshi in the second year of Qingli, successively served as the secretary of the criminal department, the secretary of the department, and entered the cabinet to worship the prime minister in his later years. However, the boy of the Mao family said lightly, saying that Su Song's water transport instrument elephant platform was too large in size, and according to the teacher's order, he claimed to build a bookcase-sized timekeeping mechanism within a year. There was no secrecy on this ship, and this shocking news immediately spread to the old master and brother Wang.

The two brothers then joined together in private.

王老見子 says:

"Do you think this little brother of the Mao family is a little too arrogant? Like Su Song, who is more like a celestial, he dares to say it! ”

Mr. Wang figured in his heart that he only relied on the words of the Mao family and the Wen family boy, and he believed in others, and Baba went to Xinhua. The worry in his heart did not let go all the way, and he was even more hesitant when he heard this, so he said:

"Could it be that this Mao Geng is a liar at all!"

Mr. Wang shook his head again and said:

"Like, not like! said that he was like a liar, it was because Su Song spent more than three years to build the water transport instrument elephant platform, and the Mao family boy even boasted that he would build the artifact of the water transport instrument elephant platform within a year! It's impossible. said that he didn't like a liar, it was because he taught Qin Yanqin to sing Li Yu's "Poppy Beauty", and he sang out of tune, and he also said that the person who learned was out of tune, and it must be learned from others, but unfortunately this person's understanding was too poor, and he learned to be a non-donkey and not a horse. Judging from this matter, it is true that the Mao family kid has a clever teacher. ”

Listening to what his brother said, Mr. Wang didn't want to see Mao Geng as a liar in his heart, and now that my brother said that Mao Geng has a clever master, and according to logical reasoning, no music score and out of tune can only show that Mao Geng himself is not a composer, and a wise master is a reasonable explanation.

Mr. Wang immediately said:

"Exactly, if you want to say that tune, it is also wonderful, but the Mao family kid didn't learn home, and he laughed and was generous here. Unexpectedly, Qin Yin realized some of the wonders of the original song from the tune he sang, which shows that his master is indeed very clever. ”

Old Master Wang nodded, stroked his beard and said:

"Well, I guess that the master and uncle of the Mao family boy may have their own work, or maybe he is a master and uncle who is working in filling in words, and the Xin Qijian taught is everyone in the poetry world, and the master of the Mao family boy may be working in composing music, but the Mao family kid has limited qualifications and has no chance to inherit the master's composing skills. His master's song was out of tune when it came to his mouth, which was really a pity and ridiculous! ”

Mr. Wang was in a relaxed mood at this time. The elder brother's speculation was actually that the Mao family's master's business was true, so he also said his own speculation:

"I heard my brother once say that everyone has different talents, and this Mao boy's talent may not be in the rhythm, you see that he is not very neat in speech, but it is conceivable that he has no talent in eloquence and rhythm. However, it is possible to see that he teaches the little brother, but he is very clever in arithmetic, or he also has some special talents in mechanical equipment. ”

Although Mr. Wang is Gengjie, he has read countless people in his life, and he still has some knowledge, and people in the world have different talents, of course, there is nothing wrong with this. Old Master Wang remembered the matter of taking the little brother at that time, and said at the moment:

"Again, the little brother of the Mao family took the little brother test that day, from one to one hundred, even if you use paper and pen to calculate, I am afraid that you will have to work hard with half a stick of incense, but according to the trick of the little brother of the Mao family, you don't even need to use a cup of tea. In this way, perhaps his master is really extremely clever, and even can really surpass Su Song and make clever tools, but it is not known. ”

The two whispered for a long time, and finally came to the same conclusion that this little brother of the Mao family has an extraordinary background, and the little brother of the Mao family is short of oral talent, but he is good at organs and arithmetic, and he still has knowledge.

Since then, Mao Geng's respected Cheng dù has improved, and even a barbaric woman like Wang Qinqin has to call him "Mr. Mao", which makes Mao Geng feel a little angry. However, Qin Yan and Qin Yin are also called Mr. Mao, and Mao Geng feels a little awkward, feeling that he is still not so raw when he used to call himself Brother Mao.

The group passed through Dongting by waterway, passed through Changsha, and arrived at Luokou in Xiangtan. I took 6 roads in Luokou, and five days later I arrived at Shangmei Town, where Xinhua County is located.

But when it came to the temporary resettlement place, after settling down the crowd, only the local messengers arranged food and lodging and maintained order. The two messengers who came from Chuzhou went to see Master Guo with the little brother Zhang.

That little brother was originally a reformed person who moved from Shandong to Xinhua two years ago, and once learned from his uncle to comment for a period of time, although he didn't know a few words, but fortunately, he remembered it very well. It is precisely because of Brother Zhang's eloquence that he became a messenger on Xinhua's side, and his main responsibility is to recruit Han people to settle in Xinhua.

Xinhua here, since the Xining period naturalization has been more than a hundred years, so far it has been a mixed situation of Han and Yao, Dong and Tujia, but the Han people are still few, and Xinhua has been absorbing Han people to settle down over the years. It's just that there is a reputation for a barbarian land there, and many people regard it as a daunting path, so there are really few people who come to settle here.

However, last year, there was a large-scale armed fight between the Yao and the Han people, the cause was the competition for a carboniferous vein, the Yao and the Han people did not agree, and each side sent hundreds of people to fight, and finally the Yao people had the upper hand, and the Han people were killed and injured hundreds of people. Since then, all the Han people within a radius of ten miles have moved to Guiyang to smelt and mine silver.

As a result, there are even fewer Han Chinese who are willing to move in.

As a last resort, Master Guo had no choice but to offer new tricks, focusing on recruiting Han people who had returned to the right to settle down, and sending people with outstanding eloquence like Zhang Xiaoge to the side to publicize, and try every possible way to cooperate with the local government to solicit them. As soon as this trick came out, it really worked.

After listening to the report, Mr. Guo was very unhappy when he heard that more than 100 Han people could be added to the county household registration, and there were also knowledgeable and reasonable people among them. Then, Master Guo opened Master Lin's letter and read it.

It doesn't matter if you look at it, Master Guo saw the names of Mao Geng and Wen Yuan, and the letter reminded that these two people have some unknown origins and must be taken care of.

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