Chapter 332 The straw that crushed Britain
On August 20, 1940, the British gave in to Germany and agreed to sit down at the negotiating table, but the current British Empire could no longer hold on.
For the first 20 days of August, the German raiding fleet, headed by the Schahn sisters, lingered in the Atlantic and refused to leave, so that Atlantic shipping from the United States to Great Britain was almost completely cut off.
What made the British feel even more humiliating was that on 1 August, a whole eight armed merchant ships armed with six to eight 150-mm naval guns entered the Atlantic Ocean to carry out the task of breaking diplomatic relations.
The tonnage of these armed merchant ships is less than 10,000 tons, and the maximum speed is only about 21 to 22 knots.
These armed merchant ships, slow speed, average firepower, poor defense, can simply use "garbage"
Two words to describe it.
In order to save money, these armed merchant ships even used naval guns that were used for waste reuse from obsolete old guns.
In the past, this kind of armed merchant ship transformed with merchant ships wanted to execute the broken-excellent-excellent-small-say-more-new-most-fast-WWW.
UUXS。
CC-handing over the task is simply no different from sending it to death.
But in the face of such "rags"
, but the British Navy was stunned and could not find a decent warship to crusade against them.
Because the German capital ships are now blocked at the door of the British Navy, as soon as the few large warships go out, they will immediately be surrounded and intercepted by them.
In the battle of Broken in August, there was also a large-scale battle between the German Navy and the British escort fleet, and the result of the battle naturally ended in a crushing defeat for the British Navy, the two escort aircraft carriers were easily sunk by the carrier-based aircraft on the two German combat carriers, not to mention the heavy losses of the escort fleet, the cargo ships they protected were captured in large numbers, and a large number of imported materials were again lost.
By this point, Britain's Atlantic shipping had completely collapsed.
Anyone with a discerning eye can see it.
If the Atlantic naval war continues like this, the result will only be that Britain will become weaker and weaker, and Germany will only "get richer and richer" by constantly breaking and looting British shipping, which will continue to loot British shipping
, "The more you fight, the stronger you get"
。
It's at this time.
The United States is facing a general election, and Cactus Ghana has become a powerful political challenge of the Republican Party, and for his own political interests, he can no longer tear his face at this critical moment and play "full escort"
。
The result of the loss of sea supremacy was that the German Navy even dared to send merchant ships to be converted into "cruisers"
Enter the Atlantic Ocean to break diplomatic relations.
These merchant ships were converted into broken cruisers, although they were slow and poorly protected.
But it was more than enough to bully the merchant ships, and even if they encountered a destroyer, they could compete with him with six or eight 150 naval guns on board - of course, the outcome was likely to be a lose-lose situation.
The only advantage of this large armed merchant ship is that it is more self-sustaining.
It is possible to fight at sea for a long time.
When the ships of the British regiment scattered and fled, these armed merchant ships could help hunt and were good helpers in breaking the relationship.
Only 20 days after August, the amount of overseas material inflows in the entire British Isles shrank by more than 70 percent, and the amount was "leased" from the United States
The equipment and minerals that came were given to the Germans for nothing.
With the U.S. Navy not tearing its face, the German Navy has been able to carry out a fairly procedural blockade of the British Isles.
And on the evening of August 3, just before Churchill stepped down.
The French battlecruiser Dunkirk, which was seized in Port Liverford on the Irish Sea side, suddenly encountered a "man-operated torpedo" by the German Navy
of the attack.
At that time, the Germans sent a specially built submarine to carry two "Black Fish"
Outside the Port of Liverpool.
The submarine loaded with the Blackfish is designed to perform such special tasks as a "mother boat"
Each boat can carry three blackfish.
These two are called "blackfish"
of the diving device.
One of the blackfish carried a metal cutter on it.
Using a metal cutter, the Germans first carved a large hole in the harbor's anti-submarine net, and then two other black fish carried two "water ghosts"
Infiltrated the harbor with several timed mines.
This is the third generation of Blackfish, originally designed to infiltrate Skar Bay to attack British battleships, but it was October and the water temperature was low.
Coupled with the British defense of Scapa Bay, it was not convenient to sneak in.
Then winter came.
The too cold waters of the North Atlantic are also not suitable for "blackfish"
Dispatch until summer falls.
Only the blackfish have a chance to attack.
The Port of Liverpool, located in the Inland Sea of Ireland, was the port where the battleship Nevada was berthed.
The German water ghosts on the two black fish sneaked into the rear only to find that because the British had laid a tight anti-torpedo net around the battleship Nevada in order to prevent the German torpedo machine from the Guò aircraft carrier's air attack, there was no space to sneak under the battleship and install mines.
However, the French battlecruiser Dunkirk, which was seized by the British Navy at that time, also happened to be anchored nearby, and this French battleship, because the British were still in the Free France and were confused about its belonging, the ship's defense work was not in place, and there were no anti-torpedo nets hanging around, so the unlucky Dunkirk suffered from the pond fish that night.
The Dunkirk, a high-speed battlecruiser, was a more valuable target than the slow Iron Turtle Nevada, because of its speed, it posed a greater threat to the Germans who were now playing in the Atlantic.
Two "Blackfish"
on the German "water ghosts"
The timed mines brought into the harbor were placed on the keel of the battlecruiser Dunkirk, activated, and then evacuated.
An hour and a half later, the timer detonated, and with a few loud booms, the last battlecruiser of the French Navy was blown into the water countless times, the keel was greatly damaged, and the last butt sank at the mooring.
Due to the shallow water level of its mooring, it did not sink completely.
But after this battle, the ship was also five and seven wounded, and even if the keel was damaged, even if he was floated and sent to the slipway for repair, there was not much repair value.
And in the same August, another incident that shocked and frightened the British came from Spain.
On August 5, the very day Churchill stepped down, Spain also capitulated to Germany.
After negotiations, Franco agreed to give way to the German Army, allow his troops to enter Spain, and build two large airfields in Malaga and Cádiz.
By 15 August, the first German bombers had taken off from both airfields and bombed the fortress of Gibraltar.
The Fort of Gibraltar is a top-of-the-line underground concrete fort complex with a concrete fortification, and its defensive strength is even higher than that of the Maginot Line.
After a hundred years of British operation, the fort built here has a roof that can easily resist the frontal attack of a one-ton bomber.
And the fortress guns installed in the fortress are also the storage zài that the battleships of various countries dare not approach.
On 10 August, a group of German high-altitude bombers flew over the fortress of Gibraltar and dropped dozens of them indiscriminately1.
The 4-ton armor-piercing bow blew up and flew away.
Most of the bombing bills dropped at a height of 3,000 meters were inaccurate, and most of them fell to the edge of the beach.
The sea fish that shook and killed a bunch of sea fish made the fortress official Meimei enjoy a seafood feast, and there was no result.
Every day, German bombers flew over the fortress and dropped bombs horizontally at an altitude of 3,000 meters.
This method of dropping bombs horizontally at an altitude of 3,000 meters is like throwing a bowl of beans on the tip of a needle, like child's play.
Scattered all over the island, leaving a huge crater on the island like a turnip.
After inspecting the bomb craters, the British troops stationed on the island found that these air-dropped aerial bombs were all special concrete armor-piercing aerial bombs.
Using high-altitude potential energy to smash down, it can drill into the ground at a depth of about ten meters before it explodes.
Several large fortress groups have a hard enough roof.
It can withstand their direct attacks, but those relatively small fortresses with relatively weak protection are difficult to resist.
Although every time the German planes dropped bombs, they were "indiscriminate" at high levels
By 16 August, a small fort in Gibraltar was unlucky to be hit by an opponent with a bullet that pierced the roof, and dozens of British stationed in the fort were crushed on the spot.
Compared to the fortified group of hemp on Gibraltar.
This small fortress was only an insignificant small point of fire, and the losses were still bearable.
But it was the 18th of August that really terrified the defenders.
Sixteen HE177 heavy bombers with four engines flew over Gibraltar and dropped superbombs.
The HE177 is a four-engine heavy bomber under development in Germany, and historically, due to the over-indulgence of the Luftwaffe leaders in dive bombing, the brains of this four-engine heavy bomber can also perform dive bombing missions.
As a result, the design department was forced to use a 2x2 design with two engines in series, and as a result, the whole point was distorted by the technology tree, and the guide zhìhe177 was difficult to deliver, until the defeat of Germany, it was a decent four-shot bombardment.
This plane is different.
Udet, who forced HE177 to carry out a dive mission, had already been driven to become the principal of the aviation school.
There is no longer a chance to command blindly.
And under the guidance of Lin Han and Hannah, the two traverser dog men and women, the people in the Luftwaffe development department did not blindly command.
The development of the HE177 is on the right track.
However, the development of the four-engine bomber was a long process, and by August 1940 only forty had been built in Germany.
In fact, this heavy bomber leaves much to be desired.
It was simply impossible to formally equip the Air Force before 1941.
In fact, with Germany's national strength and gasoline production, it was simply impossible to build a large number of heavy bombers for strategic bombing like the Americans -- in fact, in the whole of World War II, only the United States could afford to use the B17 and B29 "seas"
Playing strategic bombing, the national strength of Britain, Germany, and the Soviet Union could not do it -- the Soviet Union after World War II could do it.
But Hannah and Lin Han are not interested in the long-range bombing ability of heavy bombers, but their huge bomb load.
In 1940, although the HE177 was still a mature product, Hannah had asked Henkel to order a batch of special HE177 so that it could be equipped with a special seven-ton super bomb.
The British had only one foothold in the fortress of Gibraltar, and a small number of anti-aircraft fighters were insignificant, and after the Luftwaffe was stationed in its surrounding airfields, it was quickly suppressed so that the air force of the opposing fortress could not raise its head.
With the construction of the long-distance runway at the local airport, HE177 is also stationed here.
The seven-ton super aerial bomb was instructed by the Luftwaffe to follow Hannah's instructions, modeled after the future "Grand Slam" of the British Air Force
The idea of the bomb was designed.
This concrete-piercing aerial bomb uses the advantage of potential energy to smash down from a high altitude, and the penetration is extremely strong, and no fortress can resist it.
The seven-ton super bomb is only the starting product, and the heavier ten-ton bomb has long been developed.
It's just that because the high-horsepower engine of the HE177 is still under development and preparation, the load capacity is limited, and only a seven-ton bomb can be used for the time being
For a moment, the seven-ton bomb was called Little Herax by the Germans (the name of Hercules in Greek mythology), and the ten-ton bomb was called Big Herax.
These HE177s, which flew over the fortress of Gibraltar, took off from an airfield a hundred kilometers away from the fortress, dismantled all weapons and all the weight that could be reduced, and were used as "front-line bombers"
to use them.
The fuel volume has also been reduced by two-thirds, and it can finally take off with a seven-ton bomb.
On the first day, they dropped sixteen seven-ton bombs over the fortress of Gibraltar, some of which fell head-blank and fell directly into the sea, but the eleven that landed on the island left a shocking eleven huge deep holes.
The next day they arrived again as scheduled, dropping the same number of bombs again.
This time, their bombing skills improved, and the number of aerial bombs that landed on the island increased to thirteen.
Then every day the German HE177 came to drop bombs, no more, no less, sixteen each time.
Although the accuracy of the hit was extremely low, looking at the huge pits on the island that were increasing day by day, the fear in the hearts of the defenders of the fortress can be imagined.
Because judging by the penetration of these aerial bombs.
Once hit head-on, no fortress can resist it.
In the German broadcast to Britain, when talking about the ongoing air raid on the fortress of Gibraltar, the German broadcaster did not shy away from boasting to the British audience about the power of this super bomb, and claimed that the more powerful 10-ton bomb was also ready.
By the 20th, the day the British contacted the Germans for negotiations, the number of HE177s flying over Gibraltar had increased to thirty-two, as the sixteen HE177s that had just been produced had joined the bombing of Gibraltar on that day.
"The fortress of Gibraltar is very strong, but we in the Third Reich have time. From today onwards, every day HE177 will drop forty-eight seven-ton "Heraxes" here, and the Air Force will divide it into the morning and afternoon. During the night, three waves of air raids were launched, with 16 bombs dropped at a time. ”
"According to the plan, after the end of September. The total number of HE177s deployed around Gibraltar would increase to seventy-two. 144 bombs are dropped every day, and the big Herax will also appear. No matter how strong the Gibraltar fortress is, it will one day be smashed open. Time is on the side of the Third Reich, we have to have time, and we can slowly wait for such a small probability event of "hitting the target" to happen. ”
The German announcer said that he would start throwing the ten-ton big Herax in October, but in fact with the current pace of engine development in Germany.
This idea could not have been realized until 1941, and 144 "Little Heraxes" were thrown every day after October
Also bragging.
But at this time, the British government and the defenders of Gidraltar watched as the island grew more and more huge craters.
There was no hope in my heart to hold the fortress.
Although Gibraltar is extremely strong, its biggest weakness is its proximity to land.
The Oaks incident was the first straw that broke the British will to war, and the "little Herax" dropped by the HE177 four-engine bomber
It was the second straw, but what really broke the British was the war situation from India in South Asia.
Also in August, on the battlefield in the north of India and Pakistan, the Soviet Red Army went through several months of "steady and steady fighting"
, took Afghanistan, captured Kashmir, occupied the whole of Pakistan, and finally realized the centuries-old dream of the tsarist era: to stretch the bear's claws into the Indian Ocean to wash its hands.
In the face of the huge Soviet Red Army, all the energy was focused on Europe and the Germans "stirring the base"
The British government could only exchange space for time, and the front-line troops retreated step by step, until they retreated to the territory of India.
What hindered the advance of the Soviet Red Army was only the question of supplies, but more importantly the German causes.
Stalin was a steady-minded military strategist.
Germany would defeat France in a month, completely unexpectedly by Stalin.
At the meeting between Linhan and Stalin for several years, Linhan was "rough"
Gazette sù Stalin, "Historically"
Germany in "three months"
At that time, Stalin thought that Lin Han was bragging about "underreporting"
time, but it turns out that he actually said more.
Even now there is a Soviet-German alliance, but this alliance is very fragile.
Stalin was far more defensive against Germany than against Britain.
Although the USSR made satisfactory progress in the war in both the Turkic and Pakistani directions, Stalin's attention was always on Europe.
Under such circumstances, no matter how crazy Stalin was, he would not be so radical as to spread the shop too big, and after occupying Pakistan and obtaining the entrance to the Indian Ocean, Stalin was very satisfied and decided to steadily digest the gains in the early stage, so he also cooperated with Germany at this time to propose "peace talks" to Britain
。
At the same time, in eastern India, after more than half a year of preparation, the PLA also built a highway to the Indian border, and after more than half a year of material storage, hundreds of thousands of PLA troops poured into India, penetrating about 500 kilometers into Indian territory and "liberating"
Northeast India, and then, also for supply reasons, also took the initiative to stop the advance.
Similar to the Soviet Union, the PLA was also faced with the problem of too long a battle front and difficult supplies, and the goal of the PLA before the war was only to liberate Northeast India, and at the same time to strengthen the connection and control of Chinese territory in southern Tibet.
After the acquisition of northern Burma, the connection between China and southern Tibet was greatly increased.
Similar to the Soviet Union, the PLA's strategic goal in this war was only to liberate Northeast India and "independence" it from British control
It's just out.
With the rising anti-war sentiment at home, the crisis in Gibraltar, and the collapse of India, the British government can no longer support it, even with the help of American cousins behind it.
It's Monday.,Everyone must like it more.,If the like rate is 700% today.,I'll definitely add more.。
Update 5,000 words first.,I'm writing the back (to be continued) ps:It's Monday.,Everyone must like it more.,If the like rate is seven percent today.,I'll definitely add more.。
Update 5,000 words first, and I'm writing R752 later