Chapter 164: Finance and Salt Administration
In order to support the two Fengtian Mixed Formation Associations, and even in order to be able to expand the two Mixed Formations into towns in the future, so as to achieve the goal of organizing and training the two towns in Fengtian, Zhao Dongyun has been thinking of ways to get money since he became the general of Shengjing.
At the beginning, his main focus was on the development of industry and commerce, and he built a Huludao Industrial Zone, but although the prospects of this industrial zone are very good, and now there are many enterprises stationed in it, there is still a distance from maturity, at least in the past two years, it is difficult for Zhao Dongyun to get a lot of taxes from it.
However, Fengtian's financial pressure in the short term is very high, although there are more than two million taels of silver supported by various provinces, but most of them are used to relieve refugees and restore people's livelihood, and it is difficult to move money for Zhao Dongyun to support the army.
"Tell me all about it, and see what you can do!" In order to solve the financial problem, Zhao Dongyun convened a meeting of many of his officials, especially those in the financial system.
Among the people below, there are the main persons in charge of a series of new political institutions newly established by Zhao Dongyun, some of whom are Zhao Dongyun's old subordinates, some are Zhao Dongyun's old friends, and some are famous and invited, and some are recommended or self-recommended by others, no matter how they got here, but there is no doubt that the people in this room are the main staff members of General Zhao Dongyun's shogunate.
Among these people, the most senior is Lin Yongquan, although this person is not from a good background, but he has been following Zhao Dongyun closely in the past few years, not only as the general office of the Education Department of the Third Town, but also as the general office of the coaching office of the Fengtian Supervision and Training Office, at the same time, he not only serves in the military, but also serves as the general office of the Fengtian State Administration for Industry and Commerce.
Then Zhao Dongping, who also served in the military and the general's mansion at the same time, is not only the general office of the Ordnance Department of the Third Town, but also the general office of the General Finance Bureau of Fengtian.
In addition to these two people from the third town, there are also Zhao Dongyun's old friend Zhao E, Xiong Xiling, who was recruited, Deng Jiazhen who was recommended by others, and Fang Liantong, who was recommended by others.
By September 1905, Zhao Dongyun's shogunate was largely complete:
The general office of the General Bureau of Finance is Zhao Dongping, who was born in the third town, and the meeting office is Xiang Rui, who graduated from the Department of Commerce and Engineering of Meiji University in Japan, and this person was self-recommended.
The general office of the General Bureau of Patrol Police is Wang Zhixin, an old Beiyang who handled the Tianjin police in the early years, and the meeting office is Zhu Qiling, who was recommended by Xu Shichang, and the office is Xu Shiyou, who came with Zhu Qiling
The general office of the General Administration of Agriculture and Forestry is Chen Zhenxian, recruited by Zhao Dongyun, this person is a graduate of the University of California, studied agriculture, and was awarded the agricultural science after returning to China, in the face of such a rare agricultural technical talent Zhao Dongyun naturally did not hesitate to write a personal letter, inviting him to come to Fengtian to serve as the general office of the General Administration of Agriculture and Forestry.
The general office of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce is Lin Yongquan, but Lin Yongquan wears many hats, and he himself does not know much about the development of industry and commerce, the reason why he does this position is mainly to transition one or two first, so that others can not control the field, and his work is focused on military affairs, so most of the business of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce is handled by Deng Jiazhen, the meeting office recommended by Zhao Erxun. The director of the bureau is Fang Liantong, who came from the Meiji Law School on his own recommendation.
The general office of the General Administration of Salt Affairs is Zhou Ziqi, who graduated from Columbia University in the United States and has served as a diplomat in the United States for a long time, Zhao Dongyun didn't know about him, but this person didn't know how to get involved with Lin Yongquan, through Lin Yongquan said that he wanted to return to China to serve, for this kind of talent who has traveled for more than ten years Zhao Dongyun naturally raised his hand to welcome, and immediately sent a newspaper to invite him to return to China. Adjust it later.
The general office of the State Administration of Education is Xu Hongbao, although this person is a traditional person, but his vision is extremely open, and he supports the management of business disciplines, of course, the more important reason is that he is from Jiangsu, and the Xu family and the Zhao family have been friends for many years, so through all kinds of twists and turns, he went to Zhao Dongyun and became the general office of the General Administration of Education, in addition to the general office of the General Administration of Education, in addition to the office of Xie Yinchang, this person is also from Jiangsu, Japan's Meiji University background, although he has no qualifications, but was also recruited by Zhao Dongyun and appointed as the General Administration of Education.
The general office of Huludao Industrial Zone is Zhao E, this person needless to say, has a lot of personal friendship with Zhao Dongyun, and this person has a more traditional background, he is a Jinshi who has served as the prefect and prefect of many places, and was specially found by Zhao Dongyun to take up the general office of Huludao Industrial Zone.
And the meeting is Xiong Xiling, this person has done well in handling the new policy in Huguang, and he is also a more famous person in later generations, so Zhao Dongyun sent him a handwritten letter inviting him to go to the Northeast to serve.
The above personnel are the main team of the current Zhao Dongyun shogunate, and the source is more complicated, except for Xiong Xiling, who is more famous in later generations, most of the others are people with little reputation.
Zhao Dongyun actually invited many famous people to come and serve, but to be honest, Zhao Dongyun is not Yuan Shikai, if Yuan Shikai opened his mouth to invite, it is estimated that those talents will come over, but Zhao Dongyun's words are obviously not attractive enough, and many of the more famous New Deal officials are indifferent to Zhao Dongyun's invitation.
In addition, if you look at this list, you will find that there are a lot of people who have studied abroad, even more than the international students in the army under Zhao Dongyun.
This is not because Zhao Dongyun despises talents from the traditional imperial examination in China or prefers international students, but because if Zhao Dongyun wants to play the new policy, he can only rely on these knowledgeable talents, and international students are relatively more likely to accept and advocate new ideas than those from the traditional imperial examination.
After Zhao Dongyun swept around like this, he set his eyes on Zhao Dongping: "How is the official silver account doing now?" When will silver and copper dollars be issued? ”
Zhao Dongping, as the general office of the State Administration of Finance, is in charge of the financial affairs of the entire Fengtian, and the preparation of the Fengtian Guanyin is naturally his business, but he also did not take care of this matter, and the main business is undertaken by Xiang Rui, the meeting office of the State Administration of Finance.
So Zhao Dongping immediately said: "Now Fengtian Guanyin has collected 500,000 taels of silver in official shares, and officially opened branches in Jinzhou, Fengtian, and Yingkou, and it is expected that branches will be opened in more places by the end of the year, and the minting is also underway!" ”
Speaking of this, he glanced slightly at Xiang Rui beside him, and Xiang Rui naturally responded: "The machine required for coinage has been prepared, and copper and silver dollars can be mass-produced next month!" ”
Zhao Dongyun nodded slightly after hearing this, and motioned for him to continue!
"The new copper dollar is mainly one dime, supplemented by two jiao and five jiao, and the silver dollar is subject to the imperial court silver dollar, once it is issued in large quantities, it can make a profit of at least 50,000 taels per month."
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was very profitable to play coinage, and the coinage right was also an important symbol of the local governor's financial power.
Zhao Dongyun said: "We need to be cautious about coinage, we would rather make less profit in the early stage, and we should also bring up the credit, so that we can issue banknotes in the future!" ”
Zhao Dongyun didn't stay on the official bank for too long, and soon continued to ask Zhao Dongping: "How is the new tax?" When will it be possible? ”
Zhao Dongping said with a slightly depressed look when he heard this: "The progress of rectifying miscellaneous taxes is a little slower than expected, and I am afraid that it will not be smoothed out until the middle of next year!" Zhao Dongping knew that this would make Zhao Dongyun dissatisfied, so he quickly added: "However, the new taxes have been properly handled, and more than ten new taxes such as tobacco and alcohol taxes and housing transaction taxes have been added, and the proportion of centigold and scale taxes has also been increased. ”
What was the fiscal revenue of Fengtian Province in 1904-1905? It's only two million taels, and Zhao Dongping now said that he can charge two million taels more? That is doubling, and this is still based on the premise that the industry has not developed perfectly, it is conceivable that Zhao Dongping must have thought of a lot of crooked ideas to loot money.
If there are too many taxes, the merchants in Fengtian are estimated to have opinions, so Zhao Dongyun said: "Pay attention to the tax increase, don't make any trouble!" ”
Zhao Dongping disagreed: "In fact, our various commercial taxes in Fengtian are relatively low, and if we change them to Jiangsu, Guangdong and other places, we can at least collect more than five million taels of silver!" Moreover, tax evasion is now stricter, and adding an extra two million taels of silver is just for them to take out the part of tax evasion and tax evasion again! ”
The profits of Fengtian Guanyin and the new taxes are the revenues that the State Administration of Finance can provide, but Zhao Dongyun wants to make money, so naturally it is impossible to just stare at them, there are other departments, and he immediately turned to Zhou Ziqi: "What about the salt affairs over there?" How much will you be able to come up with this year? ”
Zhou Ziqi said: "Fengtian salt is more corrupt, now the department is still in the process of rectification, it is expected that this year can get about one million silver in salt tax, if the rectification can be completed, it is expected that there will be more next year!" ”
Salt government revenue has always been the bulk of the feudal dynasty's fiscal revenue, but the late Qing Dynasty and the traditional feudal dynasty are different, in this era when even tariffs are independent of the provinces, although the provincial salt government revenue nominally belongs to the central government, but in fact has always been intercepted by the provinces.
Taking Fengtian as an example, in the past few years, Zengqi has not paid even a single silver salt tax to the imperial court, and all of it has been left in Fengtian for his own use.
A few months ago, when Zhao Dongyun was preparing to reform the Fengtian Salt Administration, he also said this: Fengtian Salt Affairs has been abandoned for a long time, and the General Administration of Salt Affairs should be set up to supervise the sale, and the proceeds should be retained in the province first, and if there is a surplus, then the Ministry of Relief will be withdrawn at its discretion!
This means that when I have too much money to use up, I will divide it to the household department......
It's just that Fengtian can be regarded as a vast land and sparsely populated, and it is doubtful whether Zhou Ziqi can scavenge out a million taels of silver in the salt administration!