"Forget about the phoenix and serve the country and win the dragon court. How can you learn from the scholars, the old ones in the window",

After seeing Ma Sui's life, it is as if I saw the high-spirited Tang Dynasty, the man joined the army, fought on the battlefield, in order to seek thousands of miles of marquis and leave a name in history, as if seeing the iron horse of the Tang Dynasty under the training of Ma Sui, as fast as the wind, Xu like a forest, plundering like fire, and immobile like a mountain.

Our ancestors were so heroic, our ancestors were so resolute and sincere, our ancestors were so bold and sassy,

This is the soul of the Han and Tang Dynasties, this is the spirit of the Han and Tang Dynasties, and it is also the reason why we are infinitely obsessed with the history of the Tang Dynasty.

Su Dingfang

According to historical records, the ancestors of the Turks were the descendants of she-wolves, "whose ancestors were on the Western Sea, destroyed by their neighbors, and killed them by both men and women." To the first son, he couldn't bear to kill, cut off his feet and broken arms, and abandoned him in Daze. There was a wolf, and every piece of meat came to its place, and the child was immortalized because of the food on it.

Then he had sex with the wolf, and the wolf was pregnant", this legend covered the Turkic nation with a terrifying and mysterious aura, "and then the wolf gave birth to ten boys, one of whom was surnamed Ashina, the most virtuous, and then became the king,

Therefore, the wolf head of the Turkic nation contains such a symbol, the Turkic people are the nation of wolves, and the Turks take the death of war as glory and the death of illness as shame.

The "blood and tear sacrifice" of the Turks made the Han people in the Central Plains gasp, "There are dead people, in the mortuary tent,

Family members and relatives kill cattle and horses and sacrifice them, shout around the account, cut the face with a knife, hand over blood and tears, and stop at seven degrees", but it is such a nation, but it has repeatedly become the protagonist of the Tang Chang'an prisoner sacrifice ceremony.

The Turkic nobles became Tang slaves, and the Turkic innocent women became Tang maids, such a brave nation could not withstand the fierce impact of the Tang cavalry, and the 500 cavalry led by Su Dingfang smashed the 40,000 Western Turkic army. "The Han soldiers are as fast as a thunderbolt, and the captives are afraid of thistles",

The amazing combat effectiveness of the Tang cavalry can be seen everywhere in the history books, and Su Dingfang, a cavalry general known for his long-distance attacks, is an arrogant person in the history of the Tang Dynasty. The most valuable thing is that he has always adhered to the moral bottom line of the Tang Dynasty soldiers.

After the battle, he led his soldiers to bury the corpses, comfort the suffering, build water conservancy, and repair roads. Let the kindness of the Tang Dynasty spread everywhere, although the opera portrays him as a heinous villain,

But the history books have truthfully recorded the great achievements of his life, and more than a thousand years have passed, and he is still one of the brightest stars of Huanghuang Datang.

Su Dingfang (592 A.D. ~ 667 A.D.), the name Su Lie, the word Dingfang, was a native of Wuyi, Jizhou (now Wuyi County, Hebei Province).

In the last years of the great cause of the Sui Dynasty, the court's expropriation and expropriation forced the rogue to rise in all directions, and "the people of the time were fortified and fortified." There is nothing to plunder in the wilderness", Su Dingfang's father Su Yong, as a local tyrant, pulled up a team of thousands of people to assist the county guard in the crusade against the Liukou.

Su Dingfang was fifteen years old, "fierce and powerful, and courageous", taking the lead in the battle and being invincible.

After Su Yong's death, the county guard asked Su Dingfang to continue to lead the troops and kill the thief Shou Jin first. After breaking the thief Yang Gongqing, the rogue did not dare to attack the local area, and the local people relied on Su Dingfang very much.

It can be seen from the history books that Su Dingfang was born innocent and behaved decently. He is a good man with good roots.

At that time, the world was in turmoil, "ten people in the world are ten people, and nine are thieves", at first the official army was the official army, and the anti-thief was the anti-thief, and later the official army became the anti-thief. Anti-thief or anti-thief, warlords scuffle, killing in the dark, corpses like mountains.

Su Dingfang successively served Dou Jiande and Liu Heimin, and had quite a lot of military achievements, and later, Dou Jiande and Liu Heimin were defeated by Li Tang one after another, and Su Dingfang had to return to his hometown and be a commoner. In the fourth year of Zhenguan of the Tang Dynasty, he was requisitioned by the imperial court, obeyed the orders of Li Jing, the secretary of the military department, and led the cavalry to a long-distance attack on the Eastern Turkic Khanate.

Su Dingfang led two hundred cavalry galloping, they had a title in their mouths, and they kept moving in the dense fog, only seven miles away from the tooth tent of Jieli Khan, and the dense fog suddenly dissipated, and the Tang army was discovered.

The Tang army pounced on the tooth tent, killing the enemy and howling wolves, hundreds of corpses, and Jieli Khan and Sui Yi became dukes

Li Jing's army arrived in time to defeat the Eastern Turkic army, annihilating more than 10,000 enemies, capturing more than 100,000 people, and capturing hundreds of thousands of cattle and sheep.

Princess Yicheng was killed, Jieli Khan was finally escorted to Chang'an, and at the banquet of the Heavenly Khan Li Shimin, he was forced to dance for the Emperor Taishang, performing the final elegy for the demise of the Eastern Turks.

At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the Western Turks were also very prosperous, "the north and Tiele, the west rejected Persia, the south was connected to the Zobin, and all returned to it".

Guotai Min'an. After Li Shimin's death, the attached Western Turkic leader Ashina Helu openly rebelled, and according to the habits of the nomads, he wanted to divide Li Shimin's property and women.

Unfortunately, his luck was too bad, his opponents were the shrewd and ruthless Wu Zetian and the wise and foolish Tang Gaozong, after several battles, Ashina Helu was captured in public as a prisoner of the Tang army.

During the Yonghui period, Su Dingfang followed Cheng Zhijie, the chief manager of the Green Mountain Road, to conquer Ashina Helu and was appointed as the former army commander. The Western Turks sent 20,000 cavalry to meet the battle, followed by more than 20,000 cavalry from the Turkic tribe of Ratnishi. Su Dingfang saw the dust in the distance,

Knowing that the enemy was close at hand, he immediately led 500 elite cavalry to rush towards the enemy with the overwhelming momentum of Mount Tai, and in the blink of an eye, the 40,000 Western Turkic cavalry was crushed, and the enemy was defeated like a mountain, desperately fleeing.

He was chased and killed by the Tang army for 20 miles, beheaded more than 1,500 people, captured 2,000 war horses, and scattered countless canes and dead horses all over the mountains.

Wang Wendu, the deputy governor, was jealous of Su Dingfang's merits, persuaded Cheng Zhijie, and asked the team to form a phalanx, put the baggage in it, and the men and horses were all wearing battle armor, and the enemy would fight with him when he came.

If the enemy does not come, do not take the initiative to attack, so as not to cause damage. Wang Wendu claimed to have followed the emperor's order to prohibit the Tang army from going deeper. The Tang army is eager to seek merit, and there is a willingness to eat this set, the art of war is cloudy, and the generals are outside, and the king's order is not granted.

Su Dingfang came forward to persuade Cheng Zhijie, so self-controlled, there is no chance of meritorious service, the coach should have his own principles, should not be swayed by others, he asked to imprison Wang Wendu, but Cheng Zhijie did not listen to his opinion. When we arrived at the city of Hengdu,

The Hu people voluntarily surrendered to the Tang army, and Wang Wendu said, "Let's come." They surrendered, and as soon as we left, they rebelled and killed them all. Take their property". Su Dingfang resolutely opposed,

"If we do, what difference do we have from thieves? What qualifications do we have to crusade against traitors? Wang Wendu insisted on going his own way and did not listen to dissuasion, and finally the whole city was slaughtered. None of the Hu people who surrendered were spared.

Su Dingfang was extremely angry, he had his share when dividing the property, but he resolutely did not want to, and drew a line with the brutal generals who killed and surrendered with practical actions.

"The law is determined by the correct punishment", killing and surrendering is a capital crime that hinders the war, the army returns to the court, Wang Wendu should be beheaded for the crime, Tang Gaozong used the privilege of "forgiving death", and only named Wang Wendu as a concubine. But in just three years, "Wang Wendu was appointed as the governor of Xiongjin by Zuo Wei Zhonglang",

It can be seen that the people in the emperor's circle are able to eat openly, and Su Dingfang is also regarded as a person in the emperor's circle, and has been fully trusted by Tang Gaozong.

In 657 A.D., Su Dingfang became the head of the Yili Dao march, with Ren Yaxiang and Hui Po Yan as deputies, gathering more than 10,000 people from the Tang army and the Hui army, and then asking for Ashina Helu.

Ashina Buzhen and others cooperated with his actions and appeased the Western Turkic tribes. Hu Luobu's policy of increasing the stick soon began to work, and Su Dingfang was north of Jinshan (present-day Altai Mountain), and the Mukun Department was greatly broken.

Its chieftain Lazy Dulu led more than 10,000 tents to surrender to the Tang army, Su Dingfang transferred a thousand elite cavalry from it, followed the Tang army to attack the Tuqi Shi Department, and Ashina Helu led the 100,000 troops of the ten surnamed Khans.

Su Dingfang's troops were surrounded from all sides. At this time, Su Dingfang's troops and Hui soldiers were only more than 10,000 people.

It was also difficult for the newly attached Mukun cavalry to ensure their allegiance, and the Tang army had to be one for ten, which was the environment that Su Dingfang had to face. Since the appearance of double stirrups in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties,

The perfection of the harness greatly improved the fighting skills of the cavalry of the Tang Army, and Su Dingfang was confident, calm and unhurried, and began to arrange a formation to meet the enemy in accordance with the art of war. The history books tell that Li Jing once taught Su Dingfang the art of war and tactics,

Su Dingfang also taught Pei Xingjian in full, all out of sincere love and appreciation for people with both ability and political integrity, Su Dingfang through the words and deeds of the teacher, fully agreed with the theory of "soldiers are fine but not more".

Su Dingfang arranged the infantry in the southern plains, formed a circular formation, "gathered the lance and extroverted", and personally led the cavalry in the northern plains. The Western Turkic army launched three charges against the Tang infantry, but it was unable to break the iron wall of the ring array. The cavalry of the Tang Army took the opportunity to attack,

The Western Turkic army was defeated, fled for thirty miles, beheaded tens of thousands of people, and the next day, continued the pursuit, the Western Turkic army was loud and frightened, and surrendered one after another.

Some tribes rushed to join Ashina Buzhen. Ashina Helu fled westward, at this time it snowed heavily, the snow was two feet deep, someone built yì to suspend the pursuit, Su Dingfang refused to agree,

"The enemy thinks that we will stop attacking in the snow, we want to take advantage of the victory, and if we let them go now, it will be difficult to catch them in the future." The army traveled day and night, driving hundreds of miles to Ashina Helu's lair.

Ashina Helu did not expect the Tang army to come such a move, he was out hunting with his men, but was surrounded by the Tang army on all sides, the Tang army killed tens of thousands of enemies, Ashina Helu and his son and son-in-law fled to Shiguo, but was captured by Shiguo and dedicated to the Tang army.

In the third year of Xianqing, the capital of the Tang Dynasty held a grand ceremony to sacrifice prisoners, which attracted the attention of thousands of empty alleys, the attention of the people, the army armor was distinct, and the band played a triumphant song, "The head of state is subject to the law, and the prime minister will beg the rebels." Xian song "Breaking the Array Music", appreciating the Taiping people".

In the fourth year of Xianqing (659 AD), Du Man, the chief of the Sijie Department of the Western Regions, coerced the three kingdoms of Shule, Kujuban, and Lingling to rebel against the Tang Dynasty, and Su Dingfang was appointed as the ambassador to pacify.

Su Dingfang personally selected 10,000 elite soldiers and 3,000 elite cavalry, set off immediately, and pounced on the Duman garrison like lightning and thunder.

The Tang army surrounded Mabaocheng on all sides, arranged siege equipment, and prepared to catch turtles in an urn. Duman Qian's donkey skills are poor, and in desperation, he asked his subordinates to tie himself up, go out of the city and surrender to Su Dingfang, "Xiding west of the Green Ridge".

When the class master was still in court, there was a division according to the law, Du Man should be beheaded for public display, Su Dingfang asked Tang Gaozong to pardon Du Man, "I once read to him His Majesty's will, as long as he is willing to surrender,

Just forgive him the death penalty, please forgive his life", Tang Gaozong was very moved by the words of his courtiers,

He told Su Dingfang, "I will definitely preserve your credit," and immediately pardoned Duman, the chief of the Sijie Division.

Su Dingfang was promoted to the general of Zuo Wuwei, "with merit and food in Xingzhou Julu Zhenyi 500 households".

During the Hyeongyeong period, Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla were the three kingdoms on the Korean Peninsula, and Goguryeo and Baekje had close relations with Japan, while Silla formed an alliance with the Tang Dynasty, hoping to dominate the Korean Peninsula with the help of the power of the Tang Dynasty. In the fifth year of Hyeongyeong (660 AD), Silla begged for help from the Tang Dynasty again.

It was already in danger under the attack of Goguryeo and Baekje. Su Dingfang was appointed as the governor of Xiongjin Province and led an army of more than 100,000 people to cross the sea from Seongsan (present-day Rongcheng, Shandong) to attack Baekje.

The Baekje army put up a stubborn resistance at the mouth of the Kumjin Pass (present-day estuary of the Geumgang River), killing thousands and losing its fortifications. The Tang army's fleet was mighty and reached the capital of Baekje.

Baekje fought a decisive battle with the Tang army and was beheaded tens of thousands of people, and the Baekje army wanted to retreat to the city to hold on, but it was too late, the Tang army broke into the gate and entered the real capital city, and the Baekje king Yici and Prince Long fled to the north.

The second son of the king of Baekje, Tai, established himself as the king and led the people to defend it, but his grandson Wensi had other plans, "Now although the king and the crown prince are away, the name is still there, and the uncle has established himself as the king, leading the troops and horses, if the Tang army retreats,

My father and son are going to die", so he led the left and right to defect to the Tang army, and the people also went out of the city one after another, and Tai couldn't stop. Su Dingfang ordered the soldiers to climb the city wall and raise the banner of the Tang Dynasty, and Tai had to abandon his weapons and surrender.

Baekje perished, it was divided into six states, incorporated into the territory of the Tang Dynasty, and Baekje King Yici and his sons Long and Tai were captured by Su Dingfang in the eastern capital.

Gaozong rewarded Su Dingfang's merits and rewarded countless treasures, and his son Su Qingjie followed his father to fight and was named Shang Yuan Fengyu.

Su Dingfang became the general manager of the Liaodong Provincial March, and later became the pacification ambassador of Liangzhou against Tubo and Tuyuhun. In the Tibetan text, it is said,

Su Dingfang defeated 100,000 Tubo with 8,000 Tang troops, and after the war, only 8,000 of Tubo's 100,000 army remained, which greatly dampened Tubo's vitality and national strength.

In the second year of Qianfeng (667 AD), Su Dingfang died of illness in the northwest frontier at the age of 76.

Gaozong deeply regretted and blamed the ministers, "Su Dingfang has a great contribution to the country, and he should be praised, but it is because you don't speak for him that the mourning glory cannot be shown", and issued an edict to give Su Dingfang as the governor of Youzhou, nicknamed "Zhuang", and his son Su Qingjie was the prince of Zhangwu County during the Xianxiang period.

In the first year of Tang Zhongzong Shenlong (705 AD), the imperial court posthumously awarded 25 heroes of the previous generation, and Su Dingfang was on the list, "what he eats is sealed, and he still gives".

During the Tang Dynasty, the imperial court evaluated the meritorious heroes of the previous generation, and Su Dingfang ranked among the second-class meritorious heroes, showing the consistent views and evaluations of the official on Su Dingfang. (To be continued.) )