The signing of the covenant went relatively smoothly.

The two sides mainly discussed the pricing of trade commodities for a long time, and the most contested was nothing more than the price of horses, as well as the price of weapons and armor in the Ming Dynasty.

As for other goods, the Ming envoy has already listed the price list. Lin Dan Khan took a look at it, the price of these commodities is indeed lower than the price of the goods smuggled into the Mongolian steppe by Shanxi Jin merchants, and the price of some commodities has even dropped exponentially, after all, as long as the goods are transported to Zhangjiakou, there is no need to take too many risks.

Although these goods are cheap, the price is actually two or three percent higher than the price in Kannai, but it is not so profitable. The purchase of Mongolian specialties such as wool and leather goods is also much higher. But such a price is only much higher than the price of bilateral trade at this time, but the market price of selling to Daming is still relatively low. As long as the royal capital buys these leather goods and wool and other specialties, after some processing, it can also make a very considerable profit.

But this kind of pricing is the most beneficial to Daming.

Why?

Although the lucrative trade is profitable, it also depends on whether the Mongols have money or not! After so many years of trade with the Ming Dynasty, the Mongols have long lost a large amount of precious metals. The Mongols ran out of money, and a group of Mongol nobles could only hope that their leading brother would take them south to loot together, so as to grab some silver to make up for the imbalance of imports and exports, so that the good life could continue.

Then the leather goods, wool and other specialties produced by the Mongols can now maintain the demand for basic living materials such as tea and iron pots, and the Mongolian nobles can also get some silver to live. In addition, Lin Dan Khan has the greatest benefits. Naturally, they will not come to harass the Daming border pass. Once the Mongols tasted the sweetness. Before launching a raid, you should think carefully about whether it will affect bilateral trade.

Seeing this price list, Lin Dan Khan suddenly had a kind of rush that the Ming court was so kind. Compared with those black-hearted Jin merchants, such a price is indeed too generous.

Previously, the trade between the Ming Dynasty and the Mongols was mainly tea and horses.

But the Mongols did not only produce horses, but also tea. So those leather goods, wool and other things were exchanged for the price of the Jin Dynasty at the polar price. The most valuable thing is the horse. But the price is only higher than the official price of the Ming Dynasty, and in fact it is not much higher.

Lin Dan Khan, who was satisfied with the purchase price of Mongolian specialties and the selling price of goods in the Ming Dynasty, was only dissatisfied with the selling price of horses and the price of steel and military equipment sold by the Ming Dynasty.

"It costs at least 30 taels for a horse on the horse, and it can't be lower." Lin Dan Khan shouted, and the Ming envoy bargained, saying: "The maximum is 25 taels, and we can't afford it any higher." And the Great Khan you should know that after the price of our goods was reduced. 25 taels of silver may buy goods that now exceed 40 taels. ”

"Ben Khan said 30 is 30." Lin Dan Khan insisted.

"Otherwise, we'll both take a step back. The price is compromised, how about 27.5 taels? You must know that our Ming Dynasty is not only able to buy horses from Mongolia, Yarkand and Wu Sizang are willing to sell war horses to my Ming Dynasty, and the number we purchase is only set at 30,000 for the time being. The Ming envoy proposed, Lin Dan Khan paused for a few seconds, and said helplessly: "Okay! That's 27.5 taels. ”

The price of the war horse was quickly agreed, 10 taels for the dismounted horse, 15 taels for the middle horse, and 20 taels for the upper horse. In addition to buying war horses, they cannot be dismounted as war horses, and if they have high-quality war horses and will not use them, they will be traded in large quantities and there is no trade ceiling.

At present, Beizhili is building roads everywhere and making heavy carriages for transportation, which requires a large number of horses for transportation, and those dismounted and middle horses are obviously very suitable.

At the same time, horses can also be used to cultivate land or something, if Mongolian horses can be commercialized and traded, the productivity of the Ming Dynasty is still quite high. Although horses can be raised everywhere in the Ming Dynasty, the number of commercial horses is really insufficient.

At the same time as horses were commercialized, the Ming also sold grain to Mongolia.

Because once the Mongols expand the scale of horse breeding, they will inevitably reduce the number of cattle and sheep in the range, and there will be a certain demand for grain.

In terms of the trading volume of war horses, Lin Dan Khan also accepted the number of 30,000 horses per year. There is no shortage of pastures in Mongolia, and if grain can be bought from the Ming Dynasty, it is completely feasible to expand the scale of horse breeding. Moreover, there are 400,000 adult males in Mongolia, and the number of existing war horses is still enough to support such a scale of trade.

Although Zhu Youxiao said that he wanted to buy a war horse at any cost, he did not run over and buy it directly without a brain. Instead, such a method was developed to drag Mongolia into a commoditized economic society, so that the Mongols could merge with the commoditized economy of the Ming Dynasty, and once the Mongols also accepted the commoditization, it would be too simple to buy war horses.

After some diplomatic means, the price of the war horse was discussed on the ultra-low price of 27.5 taels on the horse, if you buy these horses in the Ming Dynasty, the price will be at least 40 taels or more, and 50 taels are very normal prices. Because Daming also has a large private market for these war horses, those powerful businessmen, and even landlords, when there is so much money that it hurts, who doesn't want to get a few good horses to show off?

A good horse in ancient times is like a Ferrari in later generations!

Horses are cars and horses, and the horses used to plough the land in the north are equivalent to the level of tractors. And those divine horses' are equivalent to luxury sports cars.

Lin Dan Khan was willing to accept this price, mainly because the price of the Jin merchants to buy Mongolian war horses, which was a little lower than this price, but it was not anywhere. The most important thing is that the prices of various commodities in the Ming Dynasty stipulated in the covenant have dropped a lot, so that the 27.5 taels of silver that can be obtained from selling war horses can buy more luxury goods.

Moreover, the Yarkand Khanate, as well as Wu Sizang, will indeed sell war horses to the Ming Dynasty, if the Ming Dynasty offers such a generous commodity price, it will be too simple to buy war horses. Especially Wu Sizang, that group of lamas is absolutely willing to sell as many war horses as they want. After all, those lamas used religion to control politics, and they were not wary of the Ming Dynasty at all. Many times, when there are political problems in Tibet, they seek the Mongols to send troops, and then the Mongols are like Western countries like the Pope, and after the intervention in Tibet, it is still religious control of politics.

Therefore, Tibet does not care too much about the problem of force, as long as the Ming Dynasty also pulls Tibet into the mode of commercialization, there are so many grasslands in Tibet and Qinghai, and there are many war horses that can be produced every year. (To be continued......)

PS: The third update is here! Wait for the fourth update!